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Medical Assisting > WEEK TWELVE > Flashcards

WEEK TWELVE Flashcards

1
Q

pacemaker of the heart

A

SA node

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2
Q

Electrocardiogram

A

electrical activity of the heart

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3
Q

Holter Monitoring

A

records the electrical activity of the heart continuously over 24 hours or longer
- fainting and detect arrhythmias

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4
Q

Stress Testing

A

assess a patent’s blood and oxygen flow

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5
Q

Heart Rate

A

time the heart beats per minute
(60-110 bpm)

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6
Q

Heart rhythm

A

synchronized pumping action of the four heart chambers

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7
Q

Sinus Rhythm

A

an orderly contraction of the atria and ventricles

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8
Q

Upper heart chambers

A

atria

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9
Q

AV node

A

gatekeeper between atria and ventricle

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10
Q

lower heart chambers

A

ventricles

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11
Q

Heartbeat process

A
  • SA node sends out an electrical impulse
  • the upper chambers contract
  • AV node sends an impulse into the ventricles
  • the lower heart chambers contract or pump
  • SA node sends another signal to the atria to contract to start again
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12
Q

12 lead

A

10 electrodes on body, records activity from 12 angles; monitor 12 leads at once

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13
Q

3 lead

A

monitors 3 lead at once

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14
Q

single channel

A

one lead at a time

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15
Q

horizontal axis

A

time (0.04 secs)

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16
Q

vertical axis

A

gain or amplitude (0.1 millivolts)

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17
Q

common paper speed

A

25mm per send

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18
Q

normal set for gain or amplitude

A

10mm/mv

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19
Q

speed that slows EKG

A

50mm/sec; waves bunched together due to tachycardia become more clearly visible due to waveform spacing

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20
Q

amplitude set for necessary for large waveforms that exceed the height of the paper

A

10mm/mv

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21
Q

ECG tracings begin or ends with

A

calibration maker (upside down u shape)

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22
Q

universal standard calibration measures

A

5mm wide by 10mm tall represents the standard settings of a 25mm per second paper speed

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23
Q

V1

A

4th intercostal space, right of the sternum

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24
Q

V2

A

4th intercostal, left of sternum directly across from V1

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25
V3
midway between V2 and V4
26
V4
5th intercostal space, midclavicular
27
V5
5th intercostal space, between V4 and V6, at the anterior axillary line
28
V6
5th intercostal space, at the midaxillary line
29
chest leads acronym
Read Your Good Books On a Picnic
30
RA
white
31
RL
green
32
LA
black
33
LL
red
34
Lead I
R arm to L arm
35
Lead II
R arm to L leg
36
Leg III
L leg to L arm
37
Right leg
ground
38
Augmented leads aVR
right arm
39
Augmented leads aVL
left arm
40
Augmented leads aVF
left leg
41
isoelectric (baseline)
flat, no current flowing
42
P wave
atrial depolarization/contract
43
QRS complex
ventricular depolarization
44
T wave
ventricular repolarization/ relaxation
45
U wave
not always visible repolarization/relaxation of the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers
46
PR interval
starts at the beginning of the p wave, ends at the beginning of the Q wave beginning of AD to beginning of VD
47
QT interval
Starts at the beginning of the Q wave, ends at the end of the T wave beginning of VD to end of VR
48
ST segment
starts at the beginning of the S wave, ends at the beginning of the T wave VD to beginning of VR
49
Bipolar Leads
ECG leads I II III
50
a wave that is not always seen or identified on a normal EKG tracing
U wave
51
wave that represent ventricular depolarization
QRS complex
52
ratio of applied leads to recored leads for a standard EKG machine
10:12
53
atherosclerosis
clogged arteries
54
ambulatory
patient walking around
55
telemetry
cardiac rhythm is continually transmitted live to a monitoring station
56
Spirometry
measures breathing capacity
57
Spirometer
machine that measure the air taken in and expelled from the lungs
58
forced vital capacity
the greatest volume of air that can be expelled when a person performed rapid, forced expiration
59
preparation for spirometry
- wear loose clothing - no large meals 2 hours before - no smoking 1 hour before - discontinue inhalers at least 6 prior
60
peak flow meter
test to monitor lung function for patients with chronic respiratory diseases(asthma)
61
forced expiratory volume
volume of airflow out of the lungs (physician determines peak flow zones)
62
green zone
good control
63
yellow zone
large airways are beginning to narrow
64
red zone
medical emergency
65
pulse oximetry
measurement of the oxygen saturation in blood
66
pulse reading 95% or higher
normal
67
reading less then 95%
low blood oxygen
68
artifacts
abnormal findings due to: improper technique poor conduction outside interference
69
AC interference
uniform spikes at the baseline - cause by electrical devices on or near the patient
70
Somatic Tremor
erratic spikes at the baseline - caused by: shivering patients, patients with Parkinsonism& tremor
71
wandering baseline/loose electrode
caused by: poor skin preparation, hair
72
interrupted baseline
demonstrated by a tracing that is not continuous cause by: disconnected or broken lead wire
73
normal sinus rhythm
- P waves are upward and QRS is narrow - regular rhythm - rate 60-100
74
1500 method
count the number of small boxes between R waves, then divide 1500 by the number (for regular rhythms)
75
6 second method
- beginning at the first P or R wave start counting 30 large squares - count the number of P or R waves - take the number and multiply it by 10 (used for irregular rhythms)
76
Sinus Bradycardia
normal ECG tracing with heart rate less than 60 bpm - originates from SA node - far distance between QRS complexes
77
Sinus Arrest
- SA node stops firing, causing a pause in electrical activity - during the pause, atrial and ventricular contractions do not occur - not significant unless last longer than 6 seconds
78
Atrial flutter
"saw tooth' baseline - no true P waves(flutter waves) - atria contacts faster than ventricles
79
Atrial fibrillation
- no organized contraction of the atria - atria are in "quivering state" - blood clots can form due to stagnation of blood in the ventricles - no clear P waves,, irregular rhythm, narrow QRS
80
Asystole
heart has stopped and patient is unresponsive (code blue)
81
Ventricular tachycardia
unstable; notify provider
82
Ventricular Rhythms
- assess the QRS complex - notice the changes in the form - no p waves - QRS is wideAZ
83
Ventricular fibrillation
- unorganized electrical activity - no QRS = no heartbeat - notify provider immediately (code blue)

Medical Assisting (11 decks)

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