Week4: Central/petipheral Nervous System Flashcards
(21 cards)
What does the peripheral nervous system (PNS) consist of
The PNS consist of neurons that convey messages to and from the central nervous system
What does the central nervous system (CNS) consists of
The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord
What is the somatic nervous system
The somatic nervous system transmits sensory information through the CNS and carries out motor commands.
Under PNS
What is the autonomic nervous system
The autonomic nervous system ( ANS) conveys information to and from internal bodily structures that carry out basic life processes such as digestion and respiration
What is the sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system is activated in response to threats. It’s job is to ready the body for fight or flight.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system
The parasympathetic nervous system supports the routine activities that maintain the body’s store of energy
Bane 3 parts of the brain
- The hindbrain- is several structures located above the spinal cord. Consists of medulla oblongata, cerebulla, reticular formation
- The midbrain- helps coordinate movement patterns, sleep, arousal (centre). Consists of tectum & tegmentum
- The forebrain- involved in complex sensory, emotional & behavioural processes. Consists of hypothalamus, thalamus, cerebrum (top)
What is the medulla oblongata
It’s the lowest brainstorm structure ( actually an extension of the spinal cord that links to brain)
Medulla is essential to life, controlling heartbeat, circulation and respiration
What is the cerebellum
Large structure at the back of brain involved in movement functions, learning, and sensory discrimination
What is the reticular formation
Network of neurons involved in conscious and arousal that extends from lowest part of the medulla to the upper end of midbrain
Sends axon to many parts of the brain and spinal cord
What are pons
They link medulla and cerebellum with upper part of brain
The midbrain
What is the tectum
Tectum are structures that involved in vision and hearing
What is the tegmentum
Involved in movement and arousal
Plays a part in learning to produce behaviours that minimise unpleasant ( aversive) consequences and maximise pleasant ( rewarding) consequence
The forebrain
What is the hypothalamus
Located at the front of the forebrain adjacent to the pituitary gland
Accounts for 0.3% of brain weight and helps regulate behaviours from eating, sleeping, sexual activity and emotional experience
What is the thalamus
Set of nuclei located above the hypothalamus
Processes incoming sensory information and transmits it to higher brain areas
What is the limbic system
Set of structures with diverse functions such as emotion, motivation, learning and memory
What are the main structures of the limbic system
Septal Area- nuclei involved in pleasure, relief from pain, and emotionally significant learning
Amygdala -
Hippocampus
What is the amygdala ( almond)
- almond shaped
- involved in emotional process ( learning and remembering)
What is the hippocampus ( hippo the elephant of the water)
- storing new information in memory
What is the basal ganglia
- set of structures
- functions of movement and judgement that require minimal conscious thought
What is cerebral cortex
- primary areas - process raw sensory data except in frontal lobe
- association areas - involved in complex mental processes as thinking and perception
- 2 hemispheres each with 4 lobes
Left - analytic
Right- holistic
