Weschler Intelligence Scales Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are the two primary uses of intelligence tests?
Predict future behavior accurately, predict academic achievement and occupational performance
Intelligence tests are often used to assess potential success in various domains.
List some limitations of intelligence tests.
- Bias towards certain modes of thought
- Limitations in predicting non-academic skills
- Potential misuse as a measure of innate capacity
- Limitations in assessing non-academically oriented intellectual abilities
- May be limited in assessing minority groups with divergent cultural backgrounds
These limitations highlight the complexities in interpreting intelligence test results.
What valuable information can be derived from intelligence tests?
- Identify cognitive strengths and weaknesses
- Tracing possible changes in an individual or population
- Evaluating educational programs
- Assessing changes following head injuries or neurosurgery
This information is crucial for tailored educational and clinical interventions.
What was the primary purpose of the Wechsler-Bellevue Scale?
To rectify several flaws noted in previous tests
The Wechsler-Bellevue was specifically designed to address issues found in earlier intelligence testing methods.
What significant changes were made in the Wechsler-Bellevue Scale?
- Added performance items to balance verbal questions
- Reduced the emphasis on speed over accuracy
- Invented a new method for obtaining the IQ
- Divided the scale into separate verbal and performance sections
These changes aimed to create a more balanced and accurate assessment tool.
When was the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) first published?
1955
The WAIS was developed to improve upon the Wechsler-Bellevue Scale.
What improvements were made in the WAIS-R?
- Improved sample and reliability
- Included 1,880 individuals from the 1970 census
The WAIS-R represented a significant advancement in the standardization of intelligence testing.
What are the four index scores in WAIS-IV?
- Verbal Comprehension
- Working Memory
- Perceptual Reasoning
- Processing Speed
These index scores provide a more detailed understanding of an individual’s cognitive abilities.
What year was the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) first standardized?
1949
The WISC was designed to assess the intelligence of children.
What major change occurred with the WISC-IV?
Elimination of Verbal and Performance IQs
This change aimed to improve the relevance and accuracy of the assessment.
Define ‘factor analysis’ in the context of intelligence testing.
A group of statistical techniques designed to determine the existence of underlying relationships between sets of variables
Factor analysis helps in understanding the structure of intelligence and how different abilities correlate.
What are the two types of factor analysis?
- Confirmatory factor analysis
- Exploratory factor analysis
Each type serves a different purpose in analyzing data related to intelligence.
What does ‘crystallized intelligence’ (Gc) refer to?
Includes acquired skills and knowledge dependent on exposure to a particular culture and formal/informal education
Gc reflects the knowledge and skills a person has gained over time.
What is ‘fluid intelligence’ (Gf)?
Includes abilities that are nonverbal, relatively culture-free, and independent of specific instruction
Gf represents the capacity to think logically and solve problems in novel situations.
What is a common challenge when testing diverse groups?
Consideration should be given to an individual’s level of acculturation and language proficiency
This consideration is crucial for ensuring fair assessments across different cultural backgrounds.
List factors influencing IQ scores.
- Environmental factors
- Educational opportunities
- Non-intellectual factors (e.g., Achievement orientation, Curiosity, Culture)
These factors demonstrate that IQ is not solely determined by innate ability.
What should be prioritized when assessing clients from diverse backgrounds?
- Nonverbal tests
- Version of the test in client’s primary language
- Clear communication
Prioritizing these aspects can lead to more accurate assessments.
True or False: IQ scores are fixed and unchangeable.
False
IQ scores can change over time and are influenced by various factors.
What is the importance of humility in interpreting IQ scores?
It recognizes the limitations and complexities involved in assessing intelligence
Understanding the context of IQ scores can lead to more effective support and interventions.
