Western Canada

Question 1

Prior to 2014 how did western canada prosper

Answer 1

high economic and population growth

Question 2

Post 2014 how were each province effected

Answer 2

alb and sask faced difficult economic times and Man continued slow steady growth

Question 3

what are the two challenges posed by Western canada’s geographic location?

Answer 3

1) The region’s dry continental climate makes farming riskier than other regions
2) Their position in north america makes distance to world markets too long which hurts the region’s resource development

Question 4

How has the fuel business been effected

Answer 4

shift away from fossil fuels and introduction of carbon taxes.

Question 5

What are the four physiographic regions of western can

Answer 5

interior plains
canadian sheild
cordillera and hudson Bay (small parts)

Question 6

where is vegetation varied

Answer 6

north-south zones

Question 7

where are arid conditions found

Answer 7

the dry belt (Alberta)

Question 8

where is most petroleum found

Answer 8

The Western Sedimentary Basin (most of alberta)

Question 9

where is the “athabasca tar sands” and what are they

Answer 9

in north eastern Alberta and they are huge petroleum reserves

Question 10

why is this region dry

Answer 10

1) distance from Pacific

2) the orographic uplift of winds over rockies causes these winds to lose percipitation

Question 11

chinooks and alberta clippers

Answer 11

chinook= dry warm

alberta clippers= strong frigid winds (blizzard conditions)

Question 12

what are the threats of oil sands extraction

Answer 12

release of greenhouse gases

scarred landscape (open pit mining)

resource and energy draining (seperation of oil from bitumen)

draining of toxic waste into huge tailing ponds.

Question 13

how does arid climate impact environment

Answer 13

causes dry spells and droughts because of temp unpredictability
example : Fire of Fort McMurray 2016

Question 14

Ruperts Land

Answer 14

all land draining into Hudson Bay

Question 15

Non native history dated back to when

Answer 15

the fur trading days, early days of HBC ( beginning of 1670) HBC used western canada for 200 years

Question 16

Red River Settlement

Answer 16

formed by selkirk (scots nobleman) for scots who were “evicted” the climate was so harsh many gave up and moved to upper canada and the states

Later settled by Metis who focused on subsistence farming and buffalo hunting

Question 17

why did plains indians sign treaties

Answer 17

because the buffalo were practically extinct and Ottawa planned to settle the area so Plain indians had to live on reserves
- Metis formed red river that was remote from Canada

Question 18

Explain the concession of 1869 in the red river region

Answer 18

Ottawa “allowed” the metis to have control along with french was respected the catholic church had a place and they had ownership of land
In 1885 they took it away by sending troops forcing riel and his rebels to flee and settlers came in and change the demographic
Riel was hanged for treason

Question 19

when were western lands ceded to canada by british

Answer 19

1870

Question 20

Homesteader

Answer 20

a settler who obtained land in western canada, quatre sections were available as homesteads under the federal governments plan known as the Dominion Lands Act (1872) where a settler paid $10 for the quarter section

Question 21

Why was the CPR founded and what did it obtain

Answer 21

Britain was worried lack of train system would allow americans to take over west they wanted to unite the country from coast to coast
it secured the red rever valley
allowed settlement of prairies
granted access to major grain markets in europe

Question 22

How has technology made prairie growing conditions more productive

Answer 22

plant breeding and biotechnology

horizontal drilling

carbon capture and storage

Question 23

what determines the types of crops grown

Answer 23

prices

Question 24

what are critical trends in agriculture in western canada

Answer 24

• fewer, older and larger farms
• biotechnology
• demise of rural towns
• marketing of grain farmers following demise of canadian wheat board

Question 25

Why are grains costing higher prices

Answer 25

global demand us oustripping supply

• asia pork feed
• us corn bio-fuel
• price of canola is high

Question 26

what has triggered the change in rural land-use

Answer 26

• tech advances and machinery
• innovation in plants and seeds
• changes in cultivation practices
• higher rail transport costs for grains

Question 27

challenges facing the oil industry

Answer 27

costly extraction (pollution)
controversial pipelines (inaccessibility to world mrkets)
posibility that oil exports is not in albertas interest
debate of whether production rate should be regulated

Question 28

Paris Agreement

Answer 28

to regulate climate change

Question 29

Urban western canada compomises what % of nation

Answer 29

18%

Question 30

how many people live in western canada’s urban cities

Answer 30

3/4

Question 31

what are the five majopr cities

Answer 31

calgary 
edmonton
winnipeg
saskatoon
regina

Question 32

what portion of indigenous reside in western canada

Answer 32

the majority

Question 33

what are the range of issues sparking the indigenous faultline

Answer 33

unemployment, housing, health care etc

Question 34

what has challenged the centralist or federalist position.

Answer 34

alberta’s call for more provincial rights