Western classical

Question 1

BAOQUE

What is a basso continuo or continuo?(3)

Answer 1

• bassoon/cello play bass line
• along with the harpsichord
• organ for the continuo

Question 2

BAROQUE

What notation is figure bass?

Answer 2

consisted of numbers written below the bass line

Question 3

BAROQUE

why is the harpsichord played at the front of the orchestra?

Answer 3

Because it directed the orchestra and they could all see it

Question 4

Name 3 composers in the Baroque period

Answer 4

J.C.Bach
Vivaldi
Handel

Question 5

What period is Baroque?

Answer 5

1600-1750

Question 6

BAROQUE
Give the tempo, metre and features of the following:

Allemande
Courante 
Sarabande
Minuet
Gigue

Answer 6

Allemande- Moderate- 4/4- stately character
Courante- Fast- 3/4- lively/ dotted rhythms
Sarabande- Slow- 3/2- decorated/trills/serious
Minuet- moderate- 3/4- elegant
Gigue- fast- 6/8- jig/lively/irish folk

Question 7

BAROQUE

What does a ground bass piece usually start on?

Answer 7

Bass line on its own!

Question 8

BAROQUE

what are the 4 properties of Ground bass?

Answer 8

• Repeated melodic patterns (ostinato)
• Commonly played on cello or organ
• new layers are added gradually
• famous piece- Pachelbels canon

Question 9

What is a fugue?(3)

Answer 9

• One tune performed
• Then answered using the same tune a fifth higher/ fourth lower
• Then imitated by 2 or more voices

Question 10

what is a concerto grosso?(2)

Answer 10

• Group of soloists( concertante)

- Played with an orchestra (ripieno)

Question 11

what is a solo concerto?

Answer 11

one soloist played with an orchestra

Question 12

What is a sonata?(2)

Answer 12

• Solo instruments accompanied by the cello and harpsichord

- 3 or 4 contrasting movements (mini pieces)

Question 13

What are small groups of instruments called?

Answer 13

Concertino/ concertante

Question 14

what does tutti mean?

Answer 14

All or everyone

Question 15

What does ritornello mean?

Answer 15

little return

Question 16

What is a lute?(4)

Answer 16

• string family
• frets
• plucked
  has a sound box
• forerunner to a guitar

Question 17

What is a cadenza?(3)

Answer 17

• virtuoso solo
• inserted into a movement in a concerto or other musical work
• typically near the end.

Question 18

Name 4 classical composers

Answer 18

Hayden
Beethoven
Mozart
Schubert

Question 19

What are the main differences between baroque and classical music?(2)

Answer 19

• The harpsichord that led the audience has changed to a conductor
• classical is highly decorated with trills etc

Question 20

What is the classical style galant?

Answer 20

Courtly style aimed to chiefly please the listener

Question 21

What voices are these:
Soprano
Treble
Mezzo Soprano
Counter-tenor

Answer 21

Soprano- High female voice
Treble- Boys high unbroken voice
Mezzo Soprano- Medium high female voice
Counter-tenor- male alto or soprano (falsetto0

Question 22

What voices are these:
Alto
Tenor
baritone
Bass

Answer 22

Alto- High male or low female
Tenor- high male voice
baritone- medium male voice
Bass- lowest male voice

Question 23

VOICES

What is Syllabic and Melismatic?

Answer 23

Syllabic- One note per syllable

Melismatic- multiple notes per syllable

Question 24

VOICES

What is vibrato?

Answer 24

A rich wobble in the voice

Question 25

LIED | What does lied mean?

Answer 25

German for song

Question 26

VOICES | What is a madrigal?

Answer 26

A piece of music that was written for voice

Question 27

VOICES | What is a refrain?

Answer 27

Another word for chorus

Question 28

VOICES | What is imitation?

Answer 28

Repetition of a phrase or melody often in differed pitches or keys

Question 29

VOICES | Define sacred and Secular

Answer 29

Sacred- religious. words in the song about religion | Secular- non religious. words in song are not about religion

Question 30

FOLK | name 5 instruments in folk music

Answer 30

``` Tin Whistle Northumbrian pipes accordion fiddle banjo ```

Question 31

VOICES | Give the differences between Opera and Oratorio

Answer 31

Opera - Not religious - Acting/dancing on stage Oratorio - Has a conductor - younger singers - they have visual scores

Question 32

OPERA | Define Recitative

Answer 32

Simple chords whilst spoken singing

Question 33

OPERA | What is the text of an opera called?

Answer 33

Libretto

Question 34

OPERA | define Aria

Answer 34

solo song

Question 35

What does D.C mean and its definition

Answer 35

Da Capo | Whole part of the first section of the song to be repeated at the end of the movement

Question 36

What a piano trio contain?

Answer 36

Piano Violin Cello

Question 37

What does a string quintet(5) contain?

Answer 37

2 violins viola cello double bass

Question 38

what does a piano quintet(5) contain?

Answer 38

piano 2 violins viola cello

Question 39

What does a string quartet contain?

Answer 39

2 violins viola cello

Question 40

What does a wind quintet(5) contain?

Answer 40

``` flute oboe clarinet bassoon horn ```

Question 41

What does a piano quartet contain?

Answer 41

piano violin viola cello

Question 42

What does a string trio contain?

Answer 42

violin viola cello

Question 43

what does a string sextet contain?

Answer 43

2 violins 2 violas 2 cellos

Question 44

What is Chamber music?

Answer 44

Music composed for a small group of solo musicians

Question 45

``` CHAMBER What tempo mood/character and form/tonality is in movement: 1 2 3 4 ```

Answer 45

1- fast/ allegro- happy- sonata form 2- adagio/slow- relaxed- sonata in a different key 3- allegro/ fast- fun 3/4- Minuet and trio 4 presto very fast happy- rondo form

Question 46

What is da capo aria?

Answer 46

An aria is a song with a solo singer and Accompaniment! ABA