Western Religion Exam 2 Flashcards
(38 cards)
1
Q
Jesus of History
A
who jesus was both from the gospels and archaelogy
2
Q
Christ of Faith
A
- diregard the Jesus of history when it is contradictory to faith
- how the gospels view jesus
3
Q
What record of Jesus do we have
A
- Quelle Source- written from the gospels
- No record of writings or artifacts
- Comes from other people
4
Q
Bias of Jesus
A
- Speak from a faith encouraging a faith
- Gospel= “good news”
- place Jesus among most astute perceptive teachers
5
Q
Why should we study the individual Gospels?
A
- Each Gospel as the product of an individual author
- Own interpretation and audience in mind.
6
Q
Apostle Paul
A
- No longer had to be a Jew to follow Jesus
- Went from being a persecuted minority to an acceptance
- Founder of Christianity
- no longer needed to be circumzied, no dietary restrictions.
- What you put in your mout is gone
- What you put in your heart
7
Q
What are Gnostics
A
- Believed Jesus Christ was NOT divine
- disputed institutional Church and hierachy
8
Q
How was Gnosticism a blend of philosoophy and mysticism
A
- Did not want anything in writing
- writing it corrupted it
- Subjective, because you can’t observe religious experience
9
Q
How did Constantine and Theodosius alter Christianity
A
- Made Christianity a relgion of Roman Empire
- Spread all over Europe
- Constantine converted to Christianity, hard to say whether it was for political gain.
10
Q
Compromise- Jesus a human being or Jesus as a divine being?
A
- Went against Arian views
- Adopted Nicene CREED
- The belief in one God and lord Jesus Christ was the son of God
11
Q
Jesus one person with 2 natures
A
- Ephesus
- Council of Chalcedon
12
Q
What does filioque mean
A
“and the son”
13
Q
Eastern Orthodox and Western Roman Chirstianity
A
- Rome had authority to change what the Church agreed on.
- Three councils were held, two by Constantinople, one by Rome
- Orthodox thought Filioque was heresy
14
Q
Purpose of Christian Crusades (1099-1204 CE)
A
to take back Jersusalem (holy land) from the Muslims. That’s where Jesus spent most of his life.
15
Q
What happened at the 4th crusade
A
- Sacked Constantinople
- worsened the image of the Byzantines in the eyes of the Western powers
16
Q
Episcopal Inquisition by Pope Lucius III, 1184 CE
A
- To combat heresy
- Fear of non-conforming behavior
17
Q
What were consequnces of heresy for Episcopal Inquisition
A
- Those who confessed were confined, physically abused or tortured
- Personal grudges led to accusation of witchcraft
18
Q
Mysticism vs Faith
A
- Mysticism- based on experience and your relation to others. A common awareness of the sacred w/o evidence or proof
- Faith- belif in the union of God and man
19
Q
Printing Press
A
- Bible printed center of its teaching
- Luther translated to Geman instead of Latin, more accessible
- Left to interpret the book
- once read they started critiquing the church
- “this is our source our only source”
20
Q
How the Anglican Church separated from Rome?
A
- King Henry 8th wanted to divorce his wife and the Pope said “no” so he separated from the Catholic Church
- Whatever the religion of the king was the religion of the subjects
21
Q
George Fox, Society of Friends
A
- The lord does not dwel in made made churches but in people’s hearts
- quakers, no church everyone is equal
22
Q
Problems Rome had with Chinese missionary, Jesuit Ferdinand?
A
- Jesuits adapted to the country
- Got too involved
- Went to China and accepted by Emperor
- Confuscious is a Saint and blessed him
- Spoke Chines
23
Q
Conversions to Christianity in South America problematic
A
- If you weren’t Christiain/Catholic you couldn’t be saved.
- 1/3 of population is christian
24
Q
Protestant Services
A
- no hierarchical structure
- Focus more on scripture
- Central authority are the scriptures
25
Catholic Services
* Pope head of world wide church
* Pope is earthly representtative of christ
* Bible, reason, church tradition and scriptures together
26
Science vs Religion
* Enlightenment-Science reason with tools
* Orthodoxy denied development
* Science does not deny development
27
Astronomy
* Galileo claimed the earth orbited the sun
* Church- contrary to scripture
28
Biology
challenged creationsim with the theory of evolution
29
What are the 7th day adventists
guided by the gifts of prophecy
30
Jehovah's Witnesses
* Jehovah's kingdom anticipated of the "end"
* Door to door missionary work "awake" & "watchtower"
* Jesus christ is a created being
* refuse to salute flags or serve in armies, because they see themselves as citizens of another kingdom
31
Christian Science
* Realitys is spiritual
* material world is an illusion
* diseases is a spiritual disorder rather than phys.
* Most affected when not combined with medical care
* some were accused of manslaughter and neglect
32
Karl Marx
* man makes religion, religion doesn't make man
* Religion conscious of man whoa has either not yet found himself or has already lost himself.
* heart of the heartless world.
33
Liberation Theology
* (karl marx)
* reaction to poverty caused by social injustics
* teachings and being liberated from an unjust economic, political and social conditions
34
Women a mixed bag
* Early jesus had women disciples
* Patriarchal culture no authoirty role
* Women priests were considered "outside" a threat.
* Women nuns had a reputation of being mystics
35
Give an example of pathology and how psychology can study a religious situation?
Jonestown mass suicide & the power of social influences
36
Psychology and pathology in behavior
may not be appropriate to call religious behavior pathological. Psychology can't observe **inner** consciousness.
37
Love is it true when someone says it? Control over another? Stalker?
38
Icons in Eastern Orthodox Christianity
* "Thou shalt have no graven images"
* Images don't depict God
* Venerate/Honor
* "word" pictures- most people were illiterate
* Visual aids, like the America nflag
