WHAT IS A STATE

Question 1

What is a state?

Answer 1

A state is an organization that maintains a monopoly of legitimate violence

Question 2

What is a monopoly?

Answer 2

An institution that dominates a large portion of a market

Question 3

What is legitimacy?

Answer 3

Legitimacy is an organization that is accepted by the public, giving it authority and power

Question 4

What is violence?

Answer 4

violence is doing harm to others such as incarceration, the military, and the police

Question 5

What do you need to establish a state?

Answer 5

Territory, land, and people (the ability to self govern)

Question 6

What are the types of state violence?

Answer 6

Legitimate violence performed by legitimate state authorities
Ideological Violence which is through public institutions such as hospitals, the media, schools, etc

Question 7

What is the state of nature?

Answer 7

It is an idea that Hobbs believes in where when there is no law, there’s no guarantee of property or rights. In this situation you’ll need protection.

Question 8

What is the social contract?

Answer 8

It is where we pay the government through taxes, abiding the law, serving time in the military, etc in exchange for public goods.

Question 9

What is sovereignty?

Answer 9

It is the ability to self-govern.

Question 10

What is considered a failed state?

Answer 10

1. When the violence evident in a state is against the existing government/regime
2. When a state fails to deliver public goods such as education
3. When there is a significant growth in criminal violence

Question 11

What is a nation-state?

Answer 11

a European concept that was spread to the rest of the world after WWI and WWII.

Question 12

What is a customary law?

Answer 12

Tribal law/ it changes from one community to another

Question 13

How to strengthen a weaken state?

Answer 13

establish a constitution

Question 14

What is direct tax?

Answer 14

simply a percentage of what you earn

Question 15

What is indirect tax?

Answer 15

you need an agent such as IRS to collect taxes

Question 16

What is a state-nation?

Answer 16

multiple nations are given varying degrees of autonomy under one central state

Question 17

What is ethno linguistic fractionalization?

Answer 17

It is the likelihood that two random people that are chosen will be from different groups

Question 18

What is ethno linguistic diversity?

Answer 18

Many different people from different cultures living in one nation

Question 19

What is Nationalism?

Answer 19

pride in one’s people and national identity. It is a sense of belonging that is a collective belief that we’re a part of an imaginary community.

Question 20

What is patriotism?

Answer 20

pride in one’s land/state/country

Question 21

What is a vernacular?

Answer 21

dialect/language that was spoken among certain groups of people

Question 22

What does homogenize mean?

Answer 22

To make everything the same/ equal

Question 23

What are political attitudes?

Answer 23

views concerned with scope and pace of political change

Question 24

what are radicals?

Answer 24

people who believe the existing system is broken, so it needs to be replaced

Question 25

what are liberals?

Answer 25

they believe there is much to improve within our current political system, they are in favor of evolutionary change

Question 26

What are conservatives?

Answer 26

They don't desire change and it is viewed as disruptive and the existing system should be maintained

Question 27

What are reactionaries?

Answer 27

They oppose the current system, restore previous system is considered to be superior

Question 28

What is an ideology?

Answer 28

it is a system of meanings that create a collective consciousness, ideals, and mobilize masses around these ideals to implement policy and maintain power

Question 29

What is liberalism?

Answer 29

it is concerned with individualism and acting freely without any intervention from the state

Question 30

What is communism?

Answer 30

Communists are against private ownership in means of production -property rights must be abolished - if they eliminate inequality, they will eliminate crime and will eventually not need lae Enforcement

Question 31

What is a social democracy?

Answer 31

it aims to find the middle ground between liberalism and communism

Question 32

what is fascism?

Answer 32

individuals who don't like individual freedoms or equality

Question 33

what is anarchism?

Answer 33

anarchists reject any form of authority

Question 34

what is fundamentalism?

Answer 34

it is a tendency among certain groups to maintain strict interpretation of religious meanings

Question 35

what role does the state play in the economy?

Answer 35

it enforces property rights and contracts it also regulates the market through trade, minimum wage, labor laws, interest rates, etc

Question 36

what is a market?

Answer 36

an interaction in between the forces of supply and demand

Question 37

What is the tragedy of the commons?

Answer 37

it is the depletion of shared resources (lakes, rivers, overfishing, etc)

Question 38

what is monetary policy?

Answer 38

the amount of money in circulation is pegged to the price and amount of gold reserves. (the government is in charge of this)

Question 39

What is fiscal policy?

Answer 39

the act of government taking goods. It is determined in the parliament and congress

Question 40

What is interest rate?

Answer 40

it is how much it costs to borrow money in the economy

Question 41

what is GDP?

Answer 41

it is the total market value of goods and services produced by one country in a year | Gross Domestic Product

Question 42

What is a democracy?

Answer 42

it is a system where political power resides within the people

Question 43

What is liberal democracy?

Answer 43

it is a political system that promotes participation, competition, and liberty and emphasizes individual freedom and civil rights

Question 44

What is the Gini coefficient?

Answer 44

it measures the extent to which actual income distribution deviates from perfectly equal distribution

Question 45

What is HDI?

Answer 45

it is income, life expectancy, and literacy