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British Australia 1788-1829 > What was the extent and nature of colonial control in Australia 1803-1829? > Flashcards

What was the extent and nature of colonial control in Australia 1803-1829? Flashcards

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1
Q

When was the Bigge report?

A

1822

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2
Q

What did the Bigge report state in terms of land

A

Land given to free settlers only
Convicts assigned on sheep farms
Land grants and tickets of leave to cease

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3
Q

What did the Bigge report state in terms of settlers

A

Women as domestic servants
More settlers to be sent over

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4
Q

What did the Bigge report aim to set up?

A

Secondary site to punish convicts
Judicial independence for courts

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5
Q

When did Macquarie resign?

A

1821 and lost his rights to a pension

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6
Q

Who became the governor after Macquarie?

A

Thomas Brisbane

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7
Q

What was John Macarthur granted after the Bigge report?

A

1 million acres of land for sheep farming

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8
Q

When was the NSW act?

A

1823

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9
Q

What did the NSW act do?

A

Create a legislative council and a supreme court

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10
Q

What could the newly created legislative council do?

A

Met and had power to overrule the governor and decide taxes

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11
Q

What did VDL become under the NSW act?

A

A separate colony

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12
Q

When was the Australia court act?

A

1828

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13
Q

What did the Australia court act state?

A

That the governor could appoint members
Oath of secrecy ended

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14
Q

How many days notice was the governor required to give when trying to make new proposals

A

6 days

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15
Q

When was Macquarie harbour set up?

A

1822

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16
Q

When was Maria island set up?

A

1825

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17
Q

When was Port Arthur in VDL set up?

A

1830

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18
Q

Who were sent in Port Arthur?

A

Male conficts

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19
Q

How many female factories were set up?

A

5

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20
Q

Who was sent to VDL?

A

Re-offenders

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21
Q

Of the 1136 prisoners sent to VDL what % were convicted for violent offences?

A

3%

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22
Q

When was VDL discovered and by who?

A

1643 by A dutch navigator Abel Tasman

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23
Q

When did VDL become a British colony?

A

1803

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24
Q

When did VDL become a separate province?

A

1825

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25
What did George Arthur believe in?
Strict religious and class views Totalitarian system
26
How many convicts did George Arthur have executed between 1824-1836?
260
27
How was VDL ran?
It was divided into districts Controlled by the police Harsh treatment
28
What happened if settlers misbehaved?
Convict labour was removed and they were blacklisted
29
When was Port Puer set up?
1835
30
What was Port Puer set up for?
Remove young offenders from influence of hardened felons Taught trades Religion and education
31
How many convicts were sent to Norfolk island?
183
32
Why was sending convicts to Norfolk island essential for survival?
Rations back at Sydney cove were just enough for the remaining convicts to survive
33
Who went to Norfolk island?
Men from NSW and VDL who committed further capital offences
34
What was the working day in summer?
8 am to 9:30
35
What was the working day in winter?
Convicts got a 1 hour lunch break
36
What day was a half day?
Saturday
37
What was Sunday used for?
Recreation, washing and religion
38
When were some of the riots?
1826, 1834, 1846
39
How did the convicts get out of work?
Refusal, poor stabdard on purpose, fake illness and traffiking
40
When did Norfolk island close?
1835
41
How did the convicts find food?
Hunted wild pig due to the lack of food
42
How many expeditions were there trying to cross the blue mountains?
10
43
Who successfully managed to cross the blue mountains and when?
Blaxland, lawson and Wentworth in 1813
44
How many convicts built a road across thee blue mountains and how long did it take?
60 convicts built the road in 6 months, they were promised freedom as an incentive
45
When was Macquarie river founded?
25 April 1815
46
What did Lord Bathhurst believe?
That convicts should work for private enterprises only
47
What was the cost of having convicts work for the government?
£3 million
48
How much were exports of sheep wool worth in 1830?
£2 million
49
How did sheep farming help economic growth?
Britain lost Spain as their main source of wool after the Napoleonic wars
50
How many sheep were there in 1820 compared to 1830?
1820: 100,000 1830: 1 million
51
When was the Australian agricultural company established?
1824
52
How many acres did the Australian agricultural company have in 1832?
1 million acres
53
What % of exports did whaling account for in 1832?
52%
54
How many whales were killed in 1845?
26,000
55
Why was it easier to hunt seals?
Quicker, cheaper and safer
56
What did they get from seals?
Oil, hide and blubber
57
Between 1801 and 1810 how many seals were killed?
150,000 seals
58
Why did they expand into Western Australia?
To stop the French Expand trading with India and China Stop escaped convicts from settling there
59
What was the 1826 attempt to expand into Western Australia
Governor Darling sent soldiers and 50 convicts and failed
60
When was the settlement of Melvile island?
1824-1828 (failed)
61
When was the settlement of fort Wellington?
1827-1829 (failed)
62
Who set up the swan river company?
James Stirling and Thomas Peel and they received backing from Solomon Levey
63
Why was Solomon Levey not mentioned in the company?
He twas transported for stealing a chest of tea but became a merchant, banker, landowner and philanthropist
64
How did the government help settlers settle in Western Australia?
Tory government allowed private capitalists to raise money to establish settlers at Swan River
65
How many acres were the swan river company given?
250,000
66
How many acres were the swan river company given if they had 400 settlers?
250,000 more acres
67
When did the settlers have to arrive in Western Australia by?
November 1829
68
How many acres were given to the swan river company if they were successful after 21 years?
500,000 acres
69
What was wrong with Western Australia?
Soil was barren and thick with trees
70
In what year did Western Australia grow enough wheat to feed themselves?
1835
71
What happened to Thomas Peel?
His acreage was swept away by bushfire He sent no report to Levy Slipped into poverty
72
Why was no one aware of what happened in Western Australia?
Because no report was sent to Levey, the colonial office had no info on him so had no way of knowing what was happening
73
How many colonists were in Western Australia in 1832?
1500
74
How many colonists were in Western Australia in 1850?
5862

British Australia 1788-1829 (3 decks)

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