What Were The Strengths And Weakness Of colonial Relations By 1763 Flashcards
(10 cards)
What did the Treaty of Paris give Britian ?
Canada
- Britain was now the largest colonial and maritime power in the world but it came at a cost to the government
How was the government affected ?
Funded the war by borrowing money and now was in debt which had doubled
Best way to prevent future hostile ?? Mmm I know place a standing army in the colonies to prevent westward expansion
What is the on the debt ?
Interest payments on debt 1763 were 4.4 million but govnemrnt income was only 8 million so Grenville had to find money
Cost of colonial defence increased
- 70k in 1748 to 350k by 1763
Cost of defence with 10k troops in America meant a further use
Britian believed colonists should have to contribute to the cost of maintains this force especially after Pontiac rebellion in May 1763
What is the result of the debt ?
A standing army
- Lord Butes government decided on 10,000 troops and colonists were to pay to maintain them
- Britain argued the force was there to protect colonies from the native Americans and to stop settlers moving beyond the Appalachian mountains range
What was a catalyst for the standing army ?
**Pontiacs Rebellion in May 1763 **
- Ohio Valley tribes led by the Ottawa chief Pontiac rose in revolt May 1763
- Destroyed Brit posts west of Niagara killing and capturing hundreds
- Native success short lived as officials bribed tribes
- fighting continued into 1764 and were defeated by British soldiers confirming the view that the colonists needed the standing army to defend themselves
What did the government put in place to stop movement westwards over the Appalachian mountains ?
The proclamation Act 1763
- issued by George Grenville
- boundaries for colonial settlement as a running line stop the Appalachian westward land was null and void
- Britain saw proclamation as temporary measure to minimise conflict not to curb expansion entirely
- it was nonetheless offensive to colonies as an undue interference in their affairs
Did the proclamation act cause any serious annoyance ?
Not really as colonists ignored it
At least 30k settlers moved west in the 5 years after 1763
It disregarded the proclamations provisions however it evoked Indian warfare throughout the area
What was the colonial reaction ?
- it limited the prospect of settlements and speculation in the western lands as well as taking control of the colonial movement
- many saw it as a loss of fortune and it caused resentment amongst many
- Furthermore the standing army was seen an agent of despotism and the colonists felt they were being denied the right to self determination
What was the significance of the proclamation act ?
The Briths presence was now viewed as stopping them from acquiring new and fertile lands instead of protecting those lands
Colonists annoyed by the standing army paying an annual £440k in upkeep which was viewed as an attack on their rights as they could not dispute this in parliament- alien and oppressive
Changed attitude: sevens years war troops were welcomed now they were not
Does the proclamation act show a breakdown of relations ?
To an extent
Colonial movement ignoring the act showed a disregard for British rule
