When Things Go Wrong (The Heart) Flashcards
(19 cards)
What are some things that can lead to disease in the circulatory system
-lack of physical activity
-poor diet
-smoking
-genetic
High levels of salt does
Increases blood pressure and puts strain on arteries
What does a diet with high levels of fat and cholesterol
Can build in arteries to form plaques -these narrow blood vessels
A diet high in sugar does
The excess sugar is converted into fat by your body
What does smoking do
Cigarette smoke contains chemicals linked with heart disease this can cause heart rate to increase or make clots inside blood vessels more likely to happen
What can stress do to the heart
It releases chemicals such as hormonal adrenaline. These hormones can increase heart rate and can narrow our vessels . Over times high levels of these stress hormones can make a heart attack much more likely
What does genetics do
Heart disease is also linked to genetics. There is no “heart attack gene” but certain people can inherit genes that makes heart disease more likely
What are the lead bio markers in montering your heart and the circulatory system
Heart rate
Blood pressure
Body mass index
When do heart attacks occur
When there is a blockage in the coronary arteries leading to the heart muscle. A lack of glucose and oxygen reaching the muscle and result in death of tissue
When do strokes occur
Artery leading to the Brian. The nerve tissue of the Brian also requires oxygen and glucose to function so a stroke can affect things like speech and coordinations
Why are the heart and brain are affected and not other organs
It’s because the arteries leading to these organs are narrower and therefore more likely to become blocked with a build up with fatty material
What happens when you do exercise
Your heart contacts faster and increase blood circulation, resulting in oxygenated blood reaching the muscle more quickly, as the body moves, it requires more energy. Energy is released during respiration.
What is the equation for respiration
Oxygen + glucose —-> carbon dioxide + water + energy
How can a build up of fatty deposits in a vessel to the brain cause a stroke
Fatty deposited cause a blockage or a clot
Reduces blood flow and diameter of the blood vessel decreases
Less oxygen and glucose reaches the brain
Leads to less respiration in brain cells
Brain cells die
What is cholesterol?
Cholesterol is a fat-like substance in your body that helps build cells and make hormones.
Where does cholesterol come from?
Your liver makes it, and you also get it from animal-based foods like meat, eggs, and cheese.
What can too much cholesterol do?
It can stick to the walls of your blood vessels and form blockages.
How does cholesterol affect the heart and brain?
It can block blood flow to the heart and brain, which may cause a heart attack or stroke.
Why is blocked blood flow dangerous?
Because your heart and brain need oxygen-rich blood. If they don’t get it, parts of them can get damaged or die.
