Windows Based Networks

Question 1

Introduced Auto-Run for disks & USBs

Answer 1

Windows 95

Question 2

FAT32 file system & Active Desktop (web integration)

Answer 2

Windows 98

Question 3

Active Directory for network management
Azure AD (Cloud-based authentication)

Answer 3

Windows 2000

Question 4

**first iteration of the windows Firewall, DEP Data execution prevention & NTFS support; windows XP is when windows started “enhancing security features”;
Windows Firewall, Data Execution Prevention (DEP)
NTFS Support

Answer 4

Windows XP

Question 5

Introduces Windows Defender for malware protection;
User Access Control (UAC) & BitLocker Drive Encryption
Windows Defender, Improved session management

Answer 5

Windows Vista

Question 6

**Multi-touch support, IE 8, Virtual Hard Disk support
Improved boot performance

Answer 6

Windows 7

Question 7

**Microsoft Defender Anti-Virus, Windows Update, Secure Boot

Answer 7

Windows 10-11

Question 8

_____ and _____ function together in a client-server or peer-to-peer network environment

Answer 8

servers and workstations

Question 9

**a client-server network model where management is centralized via domain controllers;
larger networks;
CENTRALIZED MANAGEMENT via domain controllers & uses Active Directory

Answer 9

domain

Question 10

**a user account that is created and stored on a single computer;
managed by the SAM Security Account Manager

Answer 10

local account

Question 11

**a user account that is stored and managed centrally in a domain via Active Directory;
authentication is managed by the domain controller;
access to resources across multiple computers within the domain

Answer 11

domain account

Question 12

Domain accounts are managed by

Answer 12

Active Directory

Question 13

facilitate automated tasks and background services;
special user accounts created to run applications, services, or system processes;
special user account created to run apps, services, or system processes

Answer 13

service accounts

Question 14

full control over the system, including all local resources and services;
used by OS and core services

Answer 14

LocalSystem

Question 15

local access with minimal permissions;
Designed to run local services with minimum privileges

Answer 15

LocalService

Question 16

**Specifies the security authority that created the SID

Answer 16

local or domain identifier

Question 17

network access with limited local access

Answer 17

NetworkService

Question 18

a unique identifier assigned to each user, group, and computer account in an operating system;
control access to files, directories, and registry keys by associating access rights with specific identities;
identifies users, groups, and computer accounts

Answer 18

Security Identifier (SID)

Question 19

**Identifies the type of user account, such as a specific account or group;
end of unique ID

Answer 19

Relative Identifier (RID)

Question 20

Uniquely identifies a user on the system or within a domain;
Assigned to individual user accounts

Answer 20

User SID

Question 21

**predefined SID that represents Local System;
highly privileged system account used by OS & core services

Answer 21

S-1-5-18

Question 22

Assigned to computers within a domain or workgroup

Answer 22

Computer SID

Question 23

Assigned to group accounts;
a group of users with shared permissions and access rights

Answer 23

group SID

Question 24

**predefined SID that represents Local Service;
built-in accounts that require local access

Answer 24

S-1-5-19

Question 25

**predefined SID that represents Network Service

Answer 25

S-1-5-20

Question 26

what does each part of the SID represent? S 1 5

Answer 26

S: Indicates that this is a SID 1: Represents revision level 5: Represents the authority identifier, which is typically 5

Question 27

SIDs are used to define permissions for users and groups on objects like files, folders, and registry keys

Answer 27

Access Control Lists (ACLs)

Question 28

data structure in the Windows operating system that contains security information about a logged-in user or a process; includes the user's identity, group memberships, and privileges, which help control access to resources and enforce security policies; creation involves: 1) user to logon with their credentials 2) Authentication- if valid an access token is generated 3) Assignment- access token is assigned to the logon session

Answer 28

access token

Question 29

**3 key elements of an access token

Answer 29

1) Header- metadata 2) Payload (user info) 3) Signature (verification data to ensure authenticity of the token)

Question 30

What is a unique identifier assigned to each user, group, and computer account created in the OS?

Answer 30

SID

Question 31

What component of the SID identifies the type of accounts?

Answer 31

RID

Question 32

___ ___ contains the user's identity, group memberships, and privileges

Answer 32

Access token- sits with you in your session

Question 33

What are the three key elements for an access token?

Answer 33

Header, payload, signature

Question 34

contains security info about a logged-in user or a process

Answer 34

Access token