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Christianity > Wisdom and Authority > Flashcards

Wisdom and Authority Flashcards

1
Q

Why is the issue of authority complicated when talking about the Bible?

A

there are many types of literature and its difficult to understand how something like erotic poetry is authorative.

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2
Q

What do Evangelical protestants believe about the Bible

A
  • literal word of God
  • inerrant even in passages that are unscientific (incapable of being wrong)
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3
Q

What do Catholics believe about the Bible

A
  • inspired by God but written by humans
  • distinguishes between messages of salvation and individual accounts by authors who were products of their time
  • guidance in interpreting the Bible comes from Tradition and the Magisterium
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4
Q

What is Karl Barth’s Neo Orthodox view about the Bible

A
  • not the word of God but contains the word of God
  • is the way through which humans experience God
  • writers were products of their time and not immune to limitations of intellect
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5
Q

What is the Social Gospel Movement’s view about the authority of the Bible

A
  • social action is more important than worrying about doctrine
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6
Q

What is the Catholic view on the authority of the Church and Bible

A
  • the Bible and the Church have equal authority, being linked through the work of the holy spirit.
  • The ongoing tradition of the church means that only they can interpret (apostolic succession, magisterium)
  • Neither can stand alone
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7
Q

What is the protestant view of the authority of the Church and Bible

A
  • only scripture holds authority (sola scriptura)
  • humans can’t pass judgement on God’s word (pick and choose)
  • Bible is above church
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8
Q

Why might someone believe Jesus’ authority is God’s authority

A
  • He is shown to have the power to control disease even from a distance as well as resurrection.
  • ‘All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me’ - Matthew 28:18
  • belief in the Trinity makes Jesus a part of God
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9
Q

What are two fundamentalist approaches to Genesis 1?

A
  • Young Earth Creationists
  • Old Earth Creationists
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10
Q

What do Young Earth Creationists believe?

A
  • creation occurred 6000 years ago
  • literalist understanding of text
  • creation in literally 6 days
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11
Q

What do Old Earth Creationists believe?

A
  • acceptance of scientific dating of universe (13.8 bil)
  • not literalist – Hebrew word for day has multiple meanings
  • creation in six epochs/stages
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12
Q

Key features of the Old Testament

A
  • contains the writings of the Jewish scripture (the tenakh) though the order is different
  • it was in its fixed form by 1 century
  • contains a wide range of different literature
  • four main parts:
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13
Q

Key features of the New Testament

A
  • contains christian writings that are mainly from the 1st Century
  • reached fixed form by the 4th century
  • four main parts
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14
Q

Four main parts of Old Testament

A
  • 1 - 5 books – Torah (law), creation of universe to death of moses
    • historical writings aout the Jews
    • Propetic books that contain Gods purposes for Israel
    • Wisdom literature that contains a wide range of themes
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15
Q

Four main parts of New Testament

A
  • the gospels containing the good news about Jesus recounting his ministry, passion, death and resurrection
  • the acts of the apostles – history of the early church
  • the epistles – letters written to give advice
  • book of revelation – uses graphic imagery to describe the Last Judgement
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16
Q

What are liberal approaches to the Bible?

A
  • some believe writers were guided by God
  • some believe the Bible is an entirely human document
  • the Bible isn’t inspired, but may be inspiring
17
Q

What did Martin Luther believe?

A
  • sola scriptura
  • christians can’t decide what is true or false in the Bible
  • without the bible there would be no church
  • the precedence of Bible over church is illustrated in Luthers belief that all Christians have equal access to God through pràyer
18
Q

What are the baptist Churches views on the authority of the church

A
  • combine the sola scriptura approach (special revelation) with the individual use of reason and conscience (general revelation)
  • New Testament takes priority over the Old Testament and provides the standard by which all other teachings should be assessed
  • they reject the authority of the church as an institution
19
Q

what does the catholic church believe about the authority of the church?

A
  • the Magisterium receives the authority from God to give an interpretation of the Bible and Tradition that is authentic, and its teachings must be obeyed
20
Q

What are the two different views about the authority of Jesus

A
  • Jesus’ authority as God’s authority
    • based on the claim that Jesus was God incarnate
  • Jesus’ authority as only human
    • based on the claim that Jesus was not divine
21
Q

Jesus’ authority as Gods authority

A
  • According to the Gospels, Jesus claimed to have divine authority
  • the authority was seen in
    • his teaching
    • the miracles attributed to him
    • the titles used by and of Jesus, e.g Son of God, Messiah, Son of Man
22
Q

passages of Jesus having Gods authority

A
  • ‘all authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me’ – Matthew 28:18
  • ‘Father, the hour has come. Glorify your Son, that your Son may glorify you. For you granted him authority over all people…’ – John 17:1-2
23
Q

Evidence of Jesus’ divine authority seen in his healing

A
  • ‘Lord don’t trouble yourself… But say the word, and my servant will be healed. For I myself am a man under authority, with soldiers under me’ – Luke 7:6-8
24
Q

Old and New Testament teachings about Jesus as the Son of God

A
  • in the OT, the title was used for Kings
  • the prase son of means reflecting the nature of
  • by the time of Jesus, it was linked with the title of Messiah which also included the idea of being chosen to rule on his behalf
  • in the NT it indicates Jesus’ divine authority.
  • Mark’s gospel – said to be Gods ‘beloved son’
25
Q

scripture about jesus as son of man

A
  • in the OT it was an ambiguous term that could mean ‘I’, a human being or a representative of humanity
  • it was Jesus’ preferred title for himself
  • its ambiguity made it less likely he would be thought of as a revolutionary
26
Q

Quotations about Jesus as the Son of Man?

A
  • ‘i want you to know that the Son of Man has authority on earth to forgive sins’ – Mark 2:10
  • ‘For even the Son of Man did not come to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many’ – Mark 10:45
  • ‘you will see the Son of Man sitting at the right hand of the Mighty one…’ – Mark 14:62
27
Q

beliefs about Jesus’ authority as only human

A
  • two groups of christians take this view
  • small groups in the early centuries of he church and in more recent times who interpret texts differently
  • liberal christians who reject any idea of divine inspiration underlying the bible
28
Q

What is Adoptionism

A
  • the belief that Jesus was not divine by nature
  • God adopted him as his son at the baptism in the same way as kings in ancient Israel were thought to be chosen by God as his earthly representatives
29
Q

What is unitarianism?

A
  • founded in the 18th century
  • adopts a deist view of the creation of the world (God created the world but had no further connection)
  • jesus was just a spiritual leader so his teachings may contain useful insights but there is no idea of divine authority attaching to them
30
Q

Liberal christian views about Jesus as only human?

A
  • Jesus’ teaching and the stories associated with him had been passed down by word of mouth and would have been altered and even exaggerated in the telling
  • this process can be seen in the Gospels themselves e.g in the differing accounts of the calming of the storm
  • jesus was a human, though his deeply spiritual nature gave him authority
31
Q

christian responses to the teaching of Jesus

A
  • those who see Jesus’ authority as Gods authority will feel they should obey his teaching.
  • those who see Jesus’ authority as only human are free to decide for themselves whether or not they should follow his teachings
32
Q

christian understandings of Jesus’ teaching on retaliation and love for enemies (Matthew)

A
  • Jesus intended his disciples to be pacifists
  • Jesus was stating an ideal realising it was virtually impossible
  • His teaching made sense for those living under Roman occupation
  • Jesus used violence when he flipped the table
33
Q

Views about Jesus as a role model

A
  • they believe they should seek to emulate his life of self-giving love
  • many non christians, like Gandhi, have been inspired by thr teaching an example of Jesus

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