Wk 5 Antihypertensive medications

Question 1

ACE inhibitors action

2

Answer 1

1. block production of Ag II leading to vasodilation

2. excretes sodium and water and retention of K by kidneys

Question 2

ACE inhibitors - uses

Answer 2

1. HTN
2. HF
3. MI
4. nephropathy

Question 3

ACE inhibitor s/e

3

Answer 3

1. first dose hypotension
2. cough
3. hyperkalemia

Question 4

ACE inhibitors rx names

2

Answer 4

1. enalapril/Vasotec

2. lisinopril/Prinivil, Zestril

Question 5

ARBS action

Answer 5

blocks Ag II resulting in vasodilation and excretion of sodium and water

Question 6

ARBS uses

4

Answer 6

1. HTN
2. HF
3. stroke prevention
4. nephropathy

Question 7

what is difference between ARBS and ACE inhibitors

Answer 7

cough and hyperkalemia are not s/e of ARBS

Question 8

ARBS s/e

2

Answer 8

1. angioedema - give epinephrine if needed

2. fetal injury

Question 9

beta blockers action

3

Answer 9

beta1-adrenergic blockage in the myocardium and electrical condition resulting in:

1. decrease HR
2. decrease contractility
3. decrease rate of conduction through AV nodes

Question 10

BB uses

6

Answer 10

1. angina
2. dysrhythmias
3. HF
4. MI
5. HTN
6. stage fright

Question 11

beta1 blockade BB a/e

3

Answer 11

1. bradycardia - monitor pulse, do not give if under 60
2. decrease CO
3. AV block

Question 12

BB rx

2

Answer 12

1. metoprolol/Lopressor

2. propranolol/Inderal

Question 13

CCB action

Answer 13

decrease peripheral resistance by relaxing smooth muscle, limits muscle contraction

Question 14

CCB uses

3

Answer 14

1. angina
2. dysrhythmias
3. HTN

Question 15

CCB - with all check these
4
-monitor
-do not
-watch for
-give

Answer 15

1. monitor BP, HR, weight, edema
2. do not administer w/ grapefruit
3. watch for bradycardia
4. give cautiously for pts with digoxin (can increase dig levels)

Question 16

CCB rx

Answer 16

diltiazem/Cardizem

Question 17

four main classes of diuretics

Answer 17

1. high loop (K wasting)
2. thiazide diuretics
3. K sparing
4. osmotic diuretics

Question 18

osmotic diuretics works where

Answer 18

proximal convoluted loop

Question 19

diuretics - high loop aka

Answer 19

K wasting

Question 20

high loop is where

Answer 20

thick ascending loop of Henle

Question 21

high loop rx

Answer 21

furosemide/Lasix

Question 22

fureosemide/Lasix is to

Answer 22

high loop - potassium wasting

Question 23

furosemide/Lasix a/e

Answer 23

ototoxicity (give slow IV push) and avoid other ototoxic meds i.e. gentamyacin

Question 24

first choice drug for essential HTN

Answer 24

thiazide diuretic - hydrochlorothiazide

Question 25

K-sparing diuretic name

Answer 25

spironolactone/Aldactone

Question 26

K-sparing diuretic action

Answer 26

blocks the action of aldosterone (which is sodium and water retention) which results in potassium retention and secretion of sodium and water