wk1 / c1 (a&p defined, levels of structural organization)

Question 1

1. what is Human Anatomy

Answer 1

the study of body structure

Question 2

what is Human Physiology

Answer 2

science of body of functions

(physio - the nature and how of things work and function)

Question 3

how are Structure and function of the body related in a&p?

Answer 3

Structure mirrors function

Question 4

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

what are the Subdivisions of Anatomy​?

(2)

Answer 4

• surface anatomy
• gross anatomy

Question 5

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

gross anatomy

can be studied by 2 different approches

(2)

Answer 5

• systematic approch (systematic anatomy)
• regional approch (regional anatomy)

Question 6

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

histology is the study of -

Answer 6

tissues

(histo means tissues)

Question 7

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

cytology

is the study of

Answer 7

cellular structures

(cyto means cells)

(ie) cell structure - microvilli

Question 8

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

This micrograph is typical of an _ and _ examination under light microscopy

Answer 8

histological

and cytological

Question 9

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

pathology is the study of

Answer 9

disease

(path refers to disease)

(ie) pic

polyps, from tissue from the bowel

Question 10

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

embryology is the study of

Answer 10

developmental anatomy

formation and growth of an embryo

Question 11

^{levels of organisation}

what are the

levels of organisation

(6)

Answer 11

1. chemical level
2. cellular level
3. tissue level
4. organ level
5. system level
6. organimal level

Question 12

^{levels of organisation}

(image)

Answer 12

Question 13

what does the suffix logy

Answer 13

the study of something

Question 14

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

anatomy can be divided into 2 further categories

Answer 14

• surface anatomy
• gross anatomy

Question 15

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

surface anatomy

Answer 15

looking at marking on the body to visualize

internal anatomy or structures are looking like

we can also use touch

as a method to visualise structures

that are internal to the body

*no disection involved in surface anatomy

Question 16

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

gross anatomy

^{*can be studied by 2 general approaches}

systemic approch:

(systemic anatomy)

Answer 16

systemic approach :

concider the whole body systems

(ie) cardiovascular system, or the muscular system, skeletal system

^{*does involve dissection}

Question 17

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

gross anatomy

^{*can be studied by 2 general approaches}

regional approach:

(regional anatomy)

Answer 17

looking at a specific

region of the body

(rather than looking at at the various systems involved

this in contrast is)

restricted to a particular region in the body

(ie) the head, chest etc.

^{*does involve dissection}

Question 18

^{subdivisions of anatomy}

other subdivisions

of the study of anatomy

(4)

(these specialised areas which focus in on certain aspects of the anatomy)

Answer 18

• histology
• cytology
• pathology
• embryology

Question 19

^{<strong>1st </strong>level of organisation}

chemical level

Answer 19

atoms

(C, H, O, N, P)

group together to

form a very important molecule called

DNA

Question 20

^{<strong>1st</strong> level of organisation}

chemical level

atoms that make up DNA

Answer 20

• C carbon
• H hydrogen
• O oxygen
• N nitrogen
• P phosophorus

Question 21

^{between<strong> 1st chemical and 2nd cellular</strong> level}

DNA is the molecule that carries our _ _ or _

Answer 21

genetic material

or

code

Question 22

^{<strong>2nd</strong> level of organsation}

Cellular level

The genetic material of DNA is stored in

Answer 22

a cellular structure known as

the nucleus

(which occurs within each cell of our body)

Question 23

^{<strong>3rd</strong> level of organisation}

tissue level

from the cellular level how are tissues formed?

Answer 23

cells group together

with similar structure and function

and

form tissues

Question 24

^{<strong> 4th</strong> level of organisation}

organ level

from the tissue level, ​how are organs formed?

Answer 24

tissues that are similar in

function and structure

group together to

form organs

Question 25

^{5th level of organisation} ## Footnote **system level**

Answer 25

where various organs make up a particular system in the body (ie. the digestive system)

Question 26

^{6th level of organisation (final, highest level of organisation)} **organismal level** **(human organism)**

Answer 26

when all the various body systems are put together

Question 27

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 27

**muscular system** * skeletal muscles * tendons

Question 28

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 28

**reproductive system**

Question 29

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 29

**lymphatic system** (green vessels are our lymphnodes \*important to assist our immunity)

Question 30

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 30

**respiratory system**

Question 31

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 31

**integumentary system**

Question 32

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 32

**nervous system** | (yellow lines are nerve tracks)

Question 33

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 33

**skeletal system** | (all the bones and joints)

Question 34

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 34

**urinary system** (\*important for a range of functions incl. ph of our blood, excreating urea among other functions)

Question 35

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 35

**digestive system**

Question 36

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 36

**endocrine system** | (what helps control our hormones)

Question 37

^{11 organ systems}

Answer 37

**cardiovascular system** (*works closely* with our _respitory system_ to deliver oxygen to all the tissues, via cells within the blood, also with our _lymphatic system_ in fighting infections, immunity and delivering immune cells to injured tissues, or tissue that have pathogens invading them)