WK2 - Depressive Disorders Flashcards by Jacob Lucas

SSRIs = selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (5)

fluoxetine (Prozac) 
paroxetine (Paxil)  
sertraline (Zoloft)   
citalopram (Celexa)
escitalopram (Lexapro)

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SNRIs: selective serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

desvenlafazine (Pristiq)

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NDRI: norepinephrine & Dopamine reuptake inhibitor

buproprion (Wellbutrin)

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serotonin modulator

trazodone (Desyrel)

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Mood

person’s emotional state or feeling expressed in own words. Document patient’s description.

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Affect

observed responsiveness of a person’s emotional state. (physical manifestations; observable behavior)

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Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA) (3)

imipramine
doxepin
amitriptyline

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Anhedonia

loss of interest or pleasure

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psychomotor retardation

visible slowing of physical activity such as movement and speech having a mental, not organic, cause.

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depression is seen more common in who…

women 2x than men

more prevalent in caucasians

worse in decreased light

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depression is seen more common in who…

women 2x than men

more prevalent in caucasians

worse in decreased light

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Biological factors of depression

Genetic-runs in families

Biochemical abnormalities
++Neurotransmitter imbalances
++Increased cortisol

Hormonal disturbance

Inflammatory process

Diathesis-stress model-predisposition to depression and stress can bring it out

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Biological factors of depression

Genetic-runs in families

Biochemical abnormalities
++Neurotransmitter imbalances
++Increased cortisol

Hormonal disturbance

Inflammatory process

Diathesis-stress model-predisposition to depression and stress can bring it out

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psychological factors of depression

Cognitive theory-psychological predisposition

Negative and/or unrealistic expectations of environment, self and future.

Unrealistic perceptions lead to recurrent dissatisfaction which lead to depression.

Learning theory: Learned helplessness-lack of coping ability after numerous failures

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psychological factors of depression

Cognitive theory-psychological predisposition

Negative and/or unrealistic expectations of environment, self and future.

Unrealistic perceptions lead to recurrent dissatisfaction which lead to depression.

Learning theory: Learned helplessness-lack of coping ability after numerous failures

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depression in children

Genetic predisposition for a mood disorder combined with a stressful situation may precipitate depression.

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factors for depression in children

Physical or emotional detachment by primary caregiver

Parental separation

Divorce

Death of loved one, including pet

Relocation

Academic failure

Physical illnesses

Common thread is LOSS.

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factors for depression in children

Physical or emotional detachment by primary caregiver

Parental separation

Divorce

Death of loved one, including pet

Relocation

Academic failure

Physical illnesses

Common thread is LOSS.

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factors for depression in Teens

Conflicts between independence and maturation- some depression may be normal

Grief/loss (i.e., parent’ death or relationship breakup) may represent abandonment

Relationship loss is most frequent precursor to suicide

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factors for depression in Teens

Conflicts between independence and maturation- some depression may be normal

Grief/loss (i.e., parent’ death or relationship breakup) may represent abandonment

Relationship loss is most frequent precursor to suicide

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depression factors in older adults

Major stressors precipitate depression = =

Financial problems

Life changes- job ending/ retirement/ relocation

Physical illness- chronic illness and chronic PAIN

Grief/Loss
++Bereavement overload ( spouse, friends, family, home, independence)
++**decreased functional ability

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depression factors in older adults

Major stressors precipitate depression = =

Financial problems

Life changes- job ending/ retirement/ relocation

Physical illness- chronic illness and chronic PAIN

Grief/Loss
++Bereavement overload ( spouse, friends, family, home, independence)
++**decreased functional ability

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6 Depressive Disorders

Study These Flashcards

Major Depressive Disorder
/
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
/
Persistent Depressive Disorder (formerly called Dysthymia)
/
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
/
Substance/Medication-Induced
Depressive Disorder
/
Depressive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

6 Depressive Disorders

Study These Flashcards

Major Depressive Disorder
/
Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder
/
Persistent Depressive Disorder (formerly called Dysthymia)
/
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
/
Substance/Medication-Induced
Depressive Disorder
/
Depressive Disorder Due to Another Medical Condition

To have Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) you must have __ or more symptoms within a __ week period PLUS at least __ symptom is also either

5 symptoms 2 week 1 symptom

5 of the following symptoms must be present in MDD plus one symptom of either...

``` Weight loss and appetite changes Sleep disturbances Fatigue Psychomotor agitation or retardation Worthlessness or guilt Loss of ability to concentrate Recurrent thoughts of death // Depressed mood or ``` Loss of interest or pleasure (anhedonia)

chronic MDD is considered if

lasting more than 2 years

chronic MDD is considered if

lasting more than 2 years

psychomotor agitation

an increase in activity brought on by mental tension.

psychomotor agitation

an increase in activity brought on by mental tension.

MDD in children and teens

5 or more symptoms present during 2-week period 1. Depressed or irritable, cranky mood and 2. Loss of interest or pleasure (anhedonia) And any 3 of the following: 1. Significant weight loss or decrease in appetite 2. Insomnia or hypersomnia 3. Psychomotor agitation or retardation 4. Fatigue or lack of energy 5. Feelings of worthlessness or guilt 6. Decreased concentration or indecisiveness 7. Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide

other symptoms of MDD in children and teens

Frequent vague, non-specific physical complaints Frequent absences or poor performance in school Being bored Alcohol or substance abuse Increased anger or hostility Reckless behavior

depression symptoms upto age 3

failure to thrive feeding problems lack of playfulness lack of emotional expression; delay in speech or motor development

depression symptoms age 3-5

prone to accidents phobias aggressiveness excessive self-reproach for minor infractions

depression symptoms age 6-8

vague physical complaints aggressive behavior cling to parents avoid new people and challenges behind in social skills/academic performance

depression symptoms ages 9-12

morbid thoughts excessive worrying lack of interest socially think they have disappointed parents

Age of Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder

6-18 yrs old

onset for DMDD must be before age....

symptoms of DMDD

include anger and constant, severe irritability

DMDD is more common in

males and children than adolescents

DMDD displays

Temper tantrums with verbal and behavioral outbursts at least 3 X weekly Display irritability, anger, and temper tantrums in at least 2 settings (home, school, and with peers

persistent depressive disorder

Low-level depressive feelings through most of each day, for the majority of days Symptoms for at least 2 years in adults At least 1 year in children and adolescents

persistent depressive disorder must have two or more of...

Decreased appetite or overeating, insomnia or hypersomnia, low energy, poor self-esteem, difficulty thinking, and hopelessness

persistent depressive disorder is formerly known as

dysthymia

premenstrual dysphoric disorders

Symptom cluster in last week prior to onset of a woman’s period

premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptoms include

Mood swings, irritability, depression, anxiety, feeling overwhelmed, and difficulty concentrating

other physical manifestations of premenstrual dysphoric disorder

lack of energy, overeating, hypersomnia or insomnia, breast tenderness, aching, bloating, and weight gain.

T/F Symptoms decrease significantly or disappear with the onset of menstruation in premenstrual dysphoric disorder

True

Substance-induced depressive disorder

Person does not experience depressive symptoms in the absence of drug or alcohol use or withdrawal

Depressive disorder associated with another medical condition

Can be caused by kidney failure, Parkinson’s disease, and Alzheimer’s disease for example Symptoms that result from medical diagnoses or certain medications are not considered major depressive disorder

Nursing process areas to assess

``` Affect Thought processes/Content Mood Judgement/Insight Physical behavior/Activity Communication Religious beliefs and spirituality ```

categories of Affect

Full/Broad Range Constricted: a little less than normal Blunted: limited expression Flat affect: does not demonstrate emotion Congruent/Incongruent: do mood and affect match? Sad: body language implies sadness; eye contact downcast; stooped posture; facial expression

nursing process nursing diagnosis

Risk for suicide—safety is always highest priority Hopelessness Ineffective coping Social isolation Spiritual distress Self-care deficit

what is the Recovery Model

Focus on patient’s strengths to improve health and reach full potential Treatment goals mutually developed Based on patient’s personal needs and values Measurable

3 phases of treatment

Acute phase (6-12 weeks) Continuation phase (4 to 9 months) maintenance phase (1 year or more)

WK2 - Depressive Disorders Flashcards

(55 cards)