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WlwG Old > WlwG Head (excl neuro) > Flashcards

WlwG Head (excl neuro) Flashcards

(93 cards)

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1
Q

Eye globe: Dense T2-hypo intra-ocular mass with calcifications behind pupil in child

A

Retinoblastoma

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2
Q

Eye globe: T1-hyper posterior exophytic mass

A

Melanoma

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3
Q

Eye globe: CT-hyper vitreous with small globe

A

Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous (PHPV)

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4
Q

Eye globe: T1-hyper densities without calcifications in one eye in child

A

Coats disease (haemorrhage)

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5
Q

Eye: Posterior outpouching of globe

A

Coloboma

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6
Q

Eye: AP elongation of globe

A

Myopia

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7
Q

Eye: Large globe with raised intra-ocular pressure in child

A

Buphthalmos

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8
Q

Eye globe: Detachment at medial and lateral sides of globe, sparring posterior globe

A

Choroid detachment

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9
Q

Eye globe: V-shape detachment with involvement of posterior as well as medial/lateral globe

A

Retinal detachment

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10
Q

Eye: Optic nerve head calcifications

A

Drusen

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11
Q

Eye: Optic nerve and canal enlargement in child

A

Optic nerve glioma

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12
Q

Eye: Circumferential enhancement around optic nerve with linear bands of enhancement in adult

A

Optic nerve meningioma

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13
Q

Eye: Unilateral painful nerve enhancement without enlargement

A

Optic neuritis (from MS/ADEM)

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14
Q

Eye: Unilateral extra-ocular well-defined T2-hyper lesion in adult, extra-conal

A

Orbital cavernous venous malformation

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15
Q

Eye: Unilateral extra-ocular T2-hyper cystic mass with haemorrhage in child, extra-conal

A

Orbital lymphangioma/lymphatic malformation

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16
Q

Eye: Extra-ocular medial socket mass in child

A

RhabdoMyoSarcoma (“Lymphoma lateral, rhabdoMyosarcoma medial”)

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17
Q

Eye: Extra-ocular lateral socket fatty mass in child

A

Dermoid

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18
Q

Eye: Extra-ocular lateral socket enhancing/diffusion restricted mass

A

Lymphoma (“Lymphoma lateral, rhabdoMyosarcoma medial”)

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19
Q

Eye: Periorbital and surrounding optic nerve mass with proptosis, extra-conal

A

Neuroblastoma mets

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20
Q

Eye: Extra-conal lesions (x4)

A

(“Unilateral = Malformations/Mets, Bilateral = Thyroid eye”):

Orbital cavernous venous malformation: Well-defined T2-hyper benign vascular malformation in ADULT.

Orbital venous lymphatic malformation aka lymphangioma: Extra-conal cystic mass with haemorrhage in CHILD, T2-hyper.

Neuroblastoma mets: Periorbital/surrounding optic nerve mass causing PROPTOSIS and ‘Raccoon eye’ appearance.

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21
Q

Eye: Conal (aka muscular layer) lesions (x4):

A

RhabdoMyoSarcoma: Large SUPERIO-MEDIAL SOCKET malignant soft tissue mass in CHILD
(“RMS = Really malignant in medial socket”).

Dermoid: SUPERIO-LATERAL SOCKET benign FATTY mass in child.

Orbital lymphoma: Superio-lateral socket with homogeneous ENHANCEMENT and DR.

Orbital Pseudo-tumour: PAINFUL, unilateral extra-orbital muscle/LATERAL RECTUS thickening/inflm
- If involves cavernous sinus = Tolosa Hunt syndrome.

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22
Q

Eye: Unilateral orbital muscle/lateral rectus thickening and inflamation, T2-hypo, not involving cavernous sinus

A

Orbital pseudo-tumour***
(“Thickening, thus not real tumour”)

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23
Q

Eye: Unilateral orbital muscle/lateral rectus thickening and inflamation, T2-hypo, also involving cavernous sinus

A

Tolosa Hunt syndrome***

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24
Q

Eye location vision and cause: Optic nerve

A

Monocular vision, from MS/GCA

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25
Eye location vision and cause: Optic chiasm
Bitemporal hemianopia, frmo TB/Sarcoid/aneurysm
26
Eye location vision and cause: Optic tract
Homonymous hemianopia, intracranial causes thus infarct/bleed
27
Eye location vision and cause: Parietal optic radiation
Inferior homonymous quadrantopis, intracranial causes
28
Eye location vision and cause: Temporal optic radiation
Superior homonymous quadrantopia, intracranial causes
29
Eye location vision and cause: Occipital lobe
Homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing, intracranial causes
30
Eye location vision: CN3
Down and out eye with ptosis and pupil dilation
31
Eye location vision: CN4
Cannot down and in (superior oblique, SOLAR)
32
Eye location vision: CN6
Cannot out (lateral rectus)
33
Eye: Bilateral symmetrical painless proptosis
Thyroid eye disease
34
Eye: Thyroid eye disease muscles involved
IMST = Inferior -> medial -> superior -> lateral
35
Ear Pulsatile Tinnitus: Increased bony formation around middle ear
Otosclerosis
36
Ear Pulsatile Tinnitus: Mass-like vessel with enlarged facial nerve canal
Persistent stapedial artery
37
Ear Pulsatile Tinnitus: Enhancing ++ mass at jugular bulb +/- bony erosion
Glomus tumour, dense blush on angiography
38
Ear Pulsatile Tinnitus: Enlarged inferior tympanic caniliculus
Aberrant ICA
39
Ear Pulsatile Tinnitus: Enlarged middle ear endolymphatic space with ear fullness
Menieres
40
Ear Pulsatile Tinnitus: ICA issues
ICA dissection/aneurysm/stenosis
41
Ear conditions: EAC expansion without bony erosion
Keratosis obturans
42
Ear conditions: EAC/middle ear erosion, T1-hypo, T2-hyper, diffusion restriction
Cholesteatoma
43
Ear conditions: EAC/middle ear erosion, T1-hyper
Cholesterol granuloma
44
Ear conditions: EAC/middle ear erosion, mastoiditis, DM
Malignant OE
45
Ear conditions: Middle ear fluid
Otitis media
46
Ear conditions: Middle ear (cochlear/semicircular canal) enhancement
Labyrinthitis
47
Ear conditions: Middle ear ossification
Labyrinthitis ossificans
48
Ear conditions: Fluctuating hearing loss and vertigo following cholesteatoma
Labyrinthine fistula
49
Ear conditions: Vertigo/nystagmus with semicircular canal defect
Superior SCC dehiscence
50
Ear conditions: Petrous apex inflm with CN5/7 pain
Petrous apicitis
51
Ear conditions: Petrous apex inflm with CN6 pain/palsy (+/- CN5/7)
Gradenigo ("Graduate at the apex vs To lose a hunt in the Cave - Tolosa hunt involves cavernous sinus")
52
Ear conditions: Petrous temporal bone fracture, which nerves involved
CN7/8 affected wtih post-auricular haematoma/battle sign
53
Ear conditions: CN7 palsy from herpes simplex infn
Bell's palsy
54
Ear conditions: Which part of CN7 affected by Bell's palsy
Labyrynthine CN7
55
Eye conditions: Cavernous sinus inflm, CN3/4/6 palsy and facial pain
Tolosa hunt
56
Eye conditions: Cavernous sinus swelling, CN3 palsy
Cavernous sinus thrombosis
57
Skull base/Nose: Olfactory groove/sphenoidal plane mass
Meningioma
58
Skull base/Nose: Heterogeneous enhancing mass at upper nose with bone erosion
Olfactory neuro-blastoma
59
Skull base/Nose: T1/T2-hypo bone lesion with enhancement and expansion
FibroDysplasia
60
Sinus: Involves ostium
Antrochoanal polyp
61
Skull base/Nose: Congenital obstruction in posterio-nose with breathing obstruction
Choanal atresia
62
Skull base/Nose: T2-hyper mass in maxillary sinus/nasal cavity
Sinonasal SCC
63
Skull base/Nose: Lateral nasal wall polypoid enhancing lesion with bony erosion
Inverted papilloma ***
64
Skull base/Nose: Sphenopalatine/pterygopalatine vascular mass with epistaxis in child
Juvenile angiofibroma
65
Sinus: Mucosal thickening
Sinusitis
66
Sinus: Small rounded lesion
Mucous retention cyst
67
Sinus: Occupies entire sinus, non-enhancing
Mucocoele
68
Sinus: Lesion with bone erosion
Inverted papilloma
69
Sinus: Heterogeneous lesion, centrally dense with peripheral enhancement
Mycetoma
70
Sinus: Diffuse sinusitis with polyps, T2-hypo
Allergic fungal sinusitis
71
Sinus: Sinus opacification with bony erosion in DM/steroid/immunocompromised
Invasive fungal sinusitis
72
Sinus: Enhancing T2-hyper aggressive and invasive lesion
Sinonasal SCC
73
Mouth/Pharynx: Aggressive enhancing mass with bone erosion
Oropharyngeal squamous cell ca / OPSCC, associated with HPV/smoking
74
Mouth/Pharynx: Thin-walled cyst at floor of mouth/submental region
Dermoid/epidermoid cyst
75
Mouth/Pharynx: Inflamation from dental infn
Phlegmon
76
Mouth/Pharynx: Floor of mouth rapidly worsening infn
Ludwig angina
77
Mandible/Maxilla: Round cyst in bone with dental infn
Odontogenic cyst
78
Mandible/Maxilla: Round cyst in bone with unerupted tooth
Dentigerous follicular cyst
79
Mandible/Maxilla: Soap bubble multilocular lucency in bone
Ameloblastoma (cementoma is opacity)
80
Mandible/Maxilla: Opacity with lucent surrounding halo at tooth root
Cementoma (ameloblastoma is lucency)
81
Mandible/Maxilla: Malformed tooth
Odontoma
82
Mandible/Maxilla: Multiple basal cell carcinoma and karatocysts
Gorlin-Goltz
83
Mandible/Maxilla: Pain, clickling, locked jaw
TMJ dysfunction
84
Mandible/Maxilla: Jaw hypertrophy with multiple cysts
Cherubism
85
Mandible/Maxilla: Multilocular painless bone lucency with scalloped margins
Giant cell granuloma
86
Mandible/Maxilla: Invasive lesion in child
Rhabdosarcoma
87
Mandible/Maxilla: Invasive lesion in adult
Chondrosarcoma
88
Mandible/Maxilla: Le Fort fractures 1-3?
1 = horizontal across maxilla, 2 = pyramidal, 3 = craniofacial.
89
Nasopharynx/Retropharynx: Symmetric midline masses, no bony erosion, no LN
Adenoid hyperplasia (tornwaldt is single, Waldeyers has LN)
90
Nasopharynx/Retropharynx: Single midline cyst, T1-var, T2-hypo
Tornwaldt cyst (adenoids are bilateral)
91
Nasopharynx/Retropharynx: Symmetrical bilateral mass with LN
Waldeyers lymphoma (Adenoid hypertrophy no LN)
92
Nasopharynx/Retropharynx: Widened prevertebral space with enhancement
Retropharyngeal abscess
93
What is Tullio phenomenon?
Tullio phenomenon = Vertigo/nystagmus from Superior SCC dehiscence

WlwG Old (22 decks)

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