WlwG Thorax excl Adult Lung

Question 1

Low FEV/FVC dx

Answer 1

COPD

Question 2

Equal FEV/FVC dx

Answer 2

Asthma/Heart failure

Question 3

High FEV/FVC dx

Answer 3

Interstitial disease

Question 4

Tracheal conditions: Narrow trachea, no calcs, no thickening, prev intubation

Answer 4

TracheoBronchoMalacia

Question 5

Tracheal conditions: Narrow trachea, no calcs, thickening anteriorly

Answer 5

Relapsing polychondritis

Question 6

Tracheal conditions: Narrow trachea, no calcs, thickening including posterior membrane

Answer 6

Wegeners

Question 7

Tracheal conditions: Narrow trachea, Calcs, no thickening, prev COPD

Answer 7

Saber-sheath

Question 8

Tracheal conditions: Narrow trachea, Calcs, Thickening

Answer 8

TracheoBronchopathia OsteochondroPlastica (TBO)

Question 9

Tracheal conditions: Dilated trachea

Answer 9

Mounier-Kuhn

Question 10

Difference between Bronchiectasis vs Follicular Bronchiolitis vs Bronchiolitis Obliterans vs Pan-bronchiolitis vs Chronic Bronchitis?

Answer 10

Bronchiectasis: Irreversible DILATATION & THICKENING of bronchi with recurrent pneumonia

Follicular Bronchiolitis: RA & Sjogren. DILATED bronchi with GGO.

Constrictive Bronchiolitis/Bronchiolitis Obliterans: Toxins/rejected lung transplant. NARROW bronchi with air trapping

Pan-bronchiolitis: Haemophilus/Pseudomonas. Tree-in-bud nodules.

Chronic bronchitis (excessive mucous/cough) with emphysema (distal air space enlargement), over-inflation with flattening of diaphragm in COPD.

Question 11

Measurements in pulmonary arterial HTN?

Answer 11

Systolic pulmonary artery pressure >30mmHg

Mean pulmonary artery pressure >35mmHg

Pulmonary artery >29mm

Pulmonary artery size > aorta

Question 12

Difference between acute vs chronic vs massive PE, incomplete vs complete PE

Answer 12

Acute = Central clot, venous dilation, pleural effusion

Chronic = Peripheral clot, shrunken veins, pulmonary HTN

Incomplete = no tissue necrosis, healing within days

Complete = tissue necrosis, healing by scar formation

Massive = PE with hypotension

Question 13

Findings in Pulmonary Veno-occlusive Disease (PVOD)?

Answer 13

PVODS = PAH, Vessel enlargement, Oedema, Dilated heart, Septal thickening

Question 14

Pleural masses: large solitary well-defined lobulated pleural mass dx

Answer 14

Solitary fibrous tumour

Question 15

Pleural masses: Pleural thickening, pleural effusion, calcs

Answer 15

Mesothelioma (from asbestosis)

Question 16

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Enlarged thymus after chemo/RT/steroids

Answer 16

Thymic rebound hyperplasia

Question 17

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Has fat and calcs

Answer 17

Teratoma

Question 18

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Lobular and mild enhancing, hx of myasthenia gravis or aplastic anaemia

Answer 18

Thymoma (thymus adenoma)

Question 19

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Looks like fatty beef

Answer 19

Thymolipoma

Question 20

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Hypoattenuating with well defined margin

Answer 20

Thymic cyst

Question 21

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Multiple LN, no organ involvement

Answer 21

Hodgkins Lymphoma (B-cell lymphoma)

Question 22

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Multiple LN, other organs involved

Answer 22

Non-hodgkins Lymphoma

Question 23

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Big lobulated mass with testicle atrophy

Answer 23

Seminoma

Question 24

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Elevated AFP/bHCG/LDH

Answer 24

Non-Seminomatous Germ cell (ChorioCa/Yolk sac tumour)

Question 25

Anterior Mediastinal Mass: Elevated ACTH

Answer 25

Carcinoid

Question 26

Middle Mediastinal Mass: Thin wall cyst

Answer 26

Bronchogenic duplication cyst

Question 27

Middle Mediastinal Mass: Painless, asymptomatic LN

Answer 27

Castleman's (“CASTLE” = Calcs, ASymptomatic Thoracic LN, Enhancing with washout)

Question 28

Middle Mediastinal Mass: Mass with calcs, SVCO, right heart dilation

Answer 28

Fibrosing Mediastinitis/Sclerosing Mediastinitis

Question 29

Middle Mediastinal Mass: Heterogeneous enhancing ++, MIBG/I-131 positive

Answer 29

Paraganglioma

Question 30

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Child

Answer 30

NeuroBlastoma

Question 31

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Round in teen/young adult

Answer 31

GanglioNeuroma

Question 32

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Para-spinal

Answer 32

Schwannoma

Question 33

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Neural foramen involved

Answer 33

NeuroFibroma

Question 34

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Cystic with scoliosis or spina bifida

Answer 34

NeuroEnteric cyst (foregut duplication)

Question 35

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Bone trabeculation

Answer 35

Extra-medullary haematopoiesis

Question 36

Posterior Mediastinal Mass: Vertebral end-plate destruction

Answer 36

TB paraspinal abscess

Question 37

Paed lung lucencies: Tram-tracking

Answer 37

Asthma

Question 38

Paed lung lucencies: Segmental hyper-expanded lung

Answer 38

Bronchial atresia

Question 39

Paed lung lucencies: Multiple cysts +/- mediastinal shift

Answer 39

CPAM

Question 40

Paed lung lucencies: Band-like lucencies with hyper-expanded lung, 1 month after RDS

Answer 40

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (“Road -> Eat new/pneumo pie -> Check BP") (Compare PIE = Lucencies with pneumos 1 week after RDS)

Question 41

Paed lung lucencies: Hyper-expanded lung, previous opacities, +/- mediastinal shift

Answer 41

Congenital Lobar Emphysema (CHLOE = Child with Hyper-expanded Lucent lung after Opacification)

Question 42

Paed lung lucencies: Expiratory air-trapping

Answer 42

Foreign body

Question 43

Paed lung lucencies: Linear lucencies with PTX/pneumomediastinum/pneumopericardium, 1 week after RDS

Answer 43

Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema (“Road -> Eat new/pneumo pie -> Check BP") (Compare BPD = hyper-expanded lung 1 month after RDS)

Question 44

Paed lung lucencies: Unilateral hyper-lucent lung, previous flu

Answer 44

Swyer-James (Young Soya James, thus soya-sauce lung)

Question 45

Paed lung lucencies: Left lower lobe lucency

Answer 45

Diaphragmatic hernia (Anterior Morgagni, Posterior Bochdalek)

Question 46

Paed lung opacities: Unilateral and round

Answer 46

Round pneumonia

Question 47

Paed lung opacities: Patchy with effusion

Answer 47

GBS

Question 48

Paed lung opacities: Bilateral small lungs with granular opacities in premature

Answer 48

RDS (aka Hyaline Membrane disease/HMD aka Surfactant Deficient Disease/SDD)

Question 49

Paed lung opacities: Bilateral in C-section

Answer 49

Transient Tachypnoea of Newborn (TTN)

Question 50

Paed lung opacities: Asymmetric bilateral in term baby

Answer 50

Meconium aspiration

Question 51

Paed lung opacities: Bilateral with complicated pregnancy

Answer 51

Pulmonary hypoplasia

Question 52

Paed lung opacities: Bronchial thickening in upper lobe

Answer 52

Cystic fibrosis

Question 53

Paed lung opacities: Bronchial thickening in lower lobe

Answer 53

Primary ciliary dyskinesia

Question 54

Paed lung opacities: Bronchial thickening in lower lobe with situs inversus

Answer 54

Kartageners

Question 55

Paed lung opacities: Wedge-shaped opacity in left lower lobe and types

Answer 55

Pulmonary sequestration (ie scarring). Newborn with heart disease = extra-lobar. Older child wtih recurrent infn = intra-lobar

Question 56

Paed lung opacities: Erosion of ribs

Answer 56

Askin sarcoma

Question 57

Paed lung opacities: Rib infarct

Answer 57

Sickle cell

Question 58

Paed lung opacities: Cancer with no bone erosion

Answer 58

Pleuro-pulmonary blastoma (between pleura and lungs so no bone involvement)

Question 59

Paed lung opacities: Slow growing mass, no LN

Answer 59

Plasma cell granuloma ("PCG = PG Cancer = Mass in child")

Question 60

Mediastinum: Difference between Mediastinal mass vs pulmonary mass

Answer 60

Mediastinal masses: Centered at mediastinum, no air bronchograms, moves with swallowing.

Question 61

Trachea: Smoker cancer type and upper/lower trachea?

Answer 61

SCC, lower trachea

Question 62

Trachea: Non-smoker cancer type and upper/lower trachea?

Answer 62

Adenoid cystic, upper trachea