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Classics > Women in religion > Flashcards

Women in religion Flashcards

1
Q

Hiereia

A

A Greek priestess

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2
Q

A Hiereia did not have to dedicate her life instead…

A

positions were only held for a year

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3
Q

The Pythia [3]:

A
  • She resided at the sanctuary of Apollo at Pelphi
  • People visited her to remove religious pollution
  • People also visited her to get advice
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4
Q

Hiereia did not have to…

A

go through any special training as they were not reponsible for the spiritual or moral wellbeing

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5
Q

Greek phases of sacrifice part one [6]:

A
  • The priestess would direct the ritual
  • They offered up prayers to the gods asking for particular favour or made a blessing
  • They would oversee the animal being killed at the altar outside the
  • They shout ‘ololyge’ at the moment of death
  • The priestess would pray then direct the ritual to carve the meet
  • A communal feast followed
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6
Q

Greek phases of sacrifices part two [3]:

A
  • Afterwards the Mantis would examine the entrails
  • The Mantis would study the texture and colour of the entrails
  • She would make predictions based on the entrails
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7
Q

The Pythia’s identity- Theory one [4]:

A
  • She was a local peasant woman
  • Over the age of 50
  • born in Delphi
  • Lived a blameless life
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8
Q

The Pythia’s identity- Theory two:

A

She was a virgin maiden

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9
Q

Once chosen the Pyhtia…[2]:

A
  • Was the priestess for life

- She had to refrain from sex for this time

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10
Q

Encounters with the Pythia [5]:

A
  • Men and only men would make a sacrifice then ask her a question
  • She sat on a 3 legged stool in the innermost room in the temple
  • In the room was a chasm into the earth
  • She burned barley and layrel leaves as an offering to Apollo then breathed deeply
  • Once intoxicated she was ready to answer questions
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11
Q

When a Pyhtia died…

A

a new woman would be chosen to replace her

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12
Q

As a general rule godesses…

A

Were served by priestesses

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13
Q

The main roles of a Hiereia [3]:

A
  • Look after the sanctuary and buildings inside it
  • Supervise the work of temple attendants
  • Presiding at sacrifices and certain public festivals
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14
Q

Benefits of being a Hiereia [4]:

A
  • It was a salaried position
  • Some were paid very well
  • They could eat meat
  • She could sell meat for profit
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15
Q

Vestal virgin(3)

A
  • 6
  • half more rights
  • tend to the fire
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16
Q

The main responsibilities of he Vestal Virgins were to…[6]:

A
  • tend to fire
  • extinguish fire annually
  • attend events
  • assist with worship
  • bake sacred salt cake
  • act as guardians to important documents
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17
Q

If the fire would go out

A

Once a vestal virgin was heated because the fir went out

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18
Q

Flaminica Dialis only had religious roles…

A

Because of their husbands

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19
Q

Flaminica dialis roles

A
  • sacrifice a ram on the 8th day
  • weave cloak for flamen dialis
  • avoid religious pollution
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20
Q

Flaminica dialis was not allowed to

A

-divorce

21
Q

What was the difference between the Panathenaia and the great panathenia?
[2]:

A
  • The Panathenaia was celerated every year

- The GREAT panathenia was celebraed every 4 years

22
Q

The Panathenia [3]:

A
  • Celebrated Athena’s birthday
  • The most important festival in the Athenian calendar
  • Celebrates the victory of gods over tita
23
Q

The Great Panathenia lasted…

A

eight days

24
Q

Day 1 of the Great Panathenia [2]:

A
  • Poetry reciting

- Musical competitions

25
Q

Day 2 of the Great Panathenia:

A

Boys’ athletic competitions

26
Q

Day 3 of the Great Panathenia:

A

Men’s athletic competitions

27
Q

Day 4 of the Great Panathenia:

A

Equestrian competitions

28
Q

Day 5 of the Great Panathenia [2]:

A
  • Sailing contests

- Dancing contests

29
Q

Day 6 of the Great Panathenia [2]:

A
  • All night torch race

- procession and sacrifice

30
Q

Day 7 of the Great Panathenia [2]:

A
  • Chariot races

- Boat races

31
Q

Day 8 of the Great Panathenia:

A

Prize giving

32
Q

Women during the Panathenia [2]:

A
  • Were not allowed to compete

- They were allowed to watch

33
Q

The most important role women played in the Panathenia was…

A

weaving the peplos

34
Q

Every year during the Panathenia the people of Athens would present…

A
  • The olive wood statue of Athena at Erechtheon with a new peplon
35
Q

Panathenia- the peplos [3]:

A
  • Woven by the Ergastinai
  • Made of thread that had been died purple and saffron
  • Made in the most expensive colours available
36
Q

What did the women involved in the Panathenia procession wear and carry?[4]:

A

They would generally carry baskets

  • They would also carry inscence
  • They would also cary vessels to put wine
  • They would wear a chiton
37
Q

The Parthenon Freize

A

-located in parthenon

38
Q

Sibyl (4)

A
  • quindecemviri responsible for the care
  • famous
  • Sybiline book
  • advice for war ( 216 Rome vs garthasinians 2greek and 2 Gallic sacrifice)
39
Q

Thesmophoria

A
  • celebrate Demeter coming back with Persephone
  • would mourn for Persephone re-enacting Demeter
  • would pray for marriage, fertility and harvest
40
Q

Worship of Dionysus

A

Would drink wine

41
Q

Pudicitia

A

-modest women were favoured by the gods

42
Q

Patricia

A
  • cult of virae (married once)

- upper class

43
Q

Plebeian

A

-rergima was turned away from patrician cult so made her own cult which allowed married people (more than once)

44
Q

Bona dea

A
  • fertility goddess
  • worshipped by women only
  • took place in the house of a consults wife or mother
  • blood sacrifice for a piglet
45
Q

Athenian burial practices

A
  • direct women or women over the age of 60
  • wash body and put coin in mouth
  • mourned very aggressively
46
Q

What is the name of the staff followers of Dionysus had?

A

Thyrsus

47
Q

What was the name of female worshippers of Dionysus?(2)

A
  • maenad

- bacchantes

48
Q

Wine dish name?

A

Kylix

Classics (8 decks)

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