WOMEN'S HISTORY Flashcards
(28 cards)
Periods in History
Pre colonial
Colonial
(Spanish,
American,
Japanese)
Post colonial
- Treated as an equal by her husband
- Could retain her maiden name
- Could share the honors of the husband
- Could freely dispose of the property she
brought into marriage - Her husband consulted her about his
affairs - Husband cannot enter into contracts or
agreements without the wife’s
knowledge or approval - A wife could divorce her husband
because of non-support and
maltreatment - She could assume the headship of the
barangay
Pre-colonial Period
- is the most central figure in pre-colonial Philippines in the areas of culture,
religion, medicine, and all kinds of theoretical and practical knowledge
about nature - served as advisors to communities when it comes to concerns about
spirituality - served as ritual leaders in healing and in agriculture
- their foresight made them experts in predicting natural phenomena like
weather conditions
Babaylan or Catalonan
- had limited educational opportunities
- excluded from participation in public
affairs - elite class women were confined to the
homes - poorer women starve, work like slaves
for others, and suffer from male abuse - Middle-income women busied
themselves with business-making,
becoming teachers, or healers - Lower class women worked as
governesses, worked in tobacco
factories, and embroiderers - Women workers received lower wages
than men, and were susceptible victims
of sexual harassment and abuse by male
employers and friars
Spanish Colonial Period
Women Revolutionary Leaders
Gregoria de Jesus
Teresa Magbanua
Marina Dizon
Melchora Aquino
Gabriela Silang
Trinidad Tecson
Agueda Kahabagan
also known as
“Oryang”
founder of the
Women’s Bureau of
the Katipunan
served as custodian of
the Katipunan
documents
Gregoria de Jesus
the Visayan “Joan of
Arc” because she led
troops to battle
against the Spaniards
and the Americans in
the Visayan region
Teresa Magbanua
served as the record
keeper of Katipunan
Marina Dizon
spent her wealth and
intellect aiding the
Katipunan by nursing
wounded soldiers and
revolutionaries, by
giving them food, and
by giving them shelter,
Melchora Aquino (Tandang Sora)
a revolutionary leader
who led several battles
against the Spaniards,
Gabriela Silang
joined the Katipunan
and was the only
known woman to
undergo the rite called
“sandugo” or the
signing of the
Katipunan contract
and pledge of loyalty
by one’s own blood
Trinidad Tecson
Joan of Arc of the
Philippines
sole female general
who was responsible
for maintaining a
detachment of armory
Agueda Kahabagan
- played an active part in armed resistance by nursing wounded soldiers,
- hid important records, documents, and fugitives
- looked for safehouses
- provided financial resources
- acted as couriers
- diverted the attention of suspicious enemies through their dancing and
singing
Revolutionary Period
This period brought to Filipino women a different kind of social life (Angeles, 1990)
- opening up of educational opportunities
- women were awarded scholarships and sent to
the US yearly for advanced academic training - women were admitted to courses not previously
open to them like law, medicine, nursing,
pharmacy and dentistry
American Colonial Period
one of these scholars
National Scientist of
the Philippines
In 1919, she wrote an
article arguing for
women’s right to vote
Encarnacion Alzona
1912-1933 - campaign for women suffrage
1937 Women’s righto vote was finally won
Women Suffrage
This period brought to Filipino women a different kind of social life (Angeles, 1990)
Americans introduced the public school system
which provided free education for the young and
for those who come from poor families
However, American education affected women ‘s
lifestyles and the country became overly
westernized
American Colonial Period
The Japanese occupation was the shortest but the most violent
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
many Filipinos were killed and women raped regardless of
age
women also played active roles in the armed struggle
through HUKBALAHAP or the Hukbo ng Bayan Laban sa
Hapon
two women guerilla leaders were Felipa Kulala and Remedios
Gomez Paraiso
Japanese Colonial Period
Philippine politics and economy remained under the heavy influence of the US
TRUE OF FALSE
TRUE
the rise to power of the dictator
Ferdinand Marcos proved to be
extremely difficult for women and
children.
women realized they had to take
action against the oppression
which led to the formation of
women groups like the Malayang
Kilusan ng Bagong Kababaihan or
MAKIBAKA and Gabriela which
was fonded in 1984
this period also saw Cory Aquino’s
presidency following the 1986
EDSA Revolution
Post-colonial Period
this led to subcontracting, outsourcing,
temporary, part-time works, polarization of
work, etc.
Fidel V. Ramos’ Presidency
Philippine women remained unprotected in
terms of trade union rights
Joseph Estrada’s Presidency
Feminization of migration intensified
Growth of various feminist movements
which have actively participated in lobbying
for a number of legislations for women like,
Republic Act 9262 or the Anti-violence
Against Women and Children Act of 2004
Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo’s Presidency
