Womens Health Flashcards

Question

Perinatal

Answer 1

Life of baby antenatally - 7 days post

Answer 2

2.6 UK death of newborn within first year

Answer 3

<2.5kg/2500g

Answer 4

Donabedians: 1. Structure (patient;staff ratio, working contracts/hours) 2. Process (long patient waiting lists, hand hygiene, recording of incidents) 3. Outcome (acquired hospital infections, emergency’s, near miss/major incidents, longer hospitalisations, patient experiences)

Answer 5

Women shouldn’t be supported in fertility treatment if the welfare of the child wasnt in their best interest and if not supported by a father (now supported pretending 2008)

Answer 6

Board of academics that are in control of standardising and checking in on iVF artificial fertilisation clinics in the UK looking at the correct storage of eggs sperm and embryos.

Answer 7

1. Welfare isn’t defined 2. Welfare isn’t predictable 3. Fertile couples don’t undergo this scrutiny 4. Why is a father needed?

Answer 8

It is not illegal to have an abortion if 2 medical practioners have certified is as best interest for mother or baby If <24 weeks = medical abortion and needs to be in interest of mothers mental and physical wellbeing and if baby may struggle if born due to handicap If >24 weeks = surgical and pregnancy needs to pose significant risk to mother or baby mental or physical health If <16 abortion can go ahead with practitioner consent

Answer 9

Justice - for the foetus, seen as human status = human rights to live Justice - for the mothers who would like to adopt, robbing them of an opportunity Non-maleficence - harming the foetus Non-maleficence - medical and mental health future complications

Answer 10

Justice = will allow teenagers to live long fulfilled life non-maleficence = harm to baby maybe but what about harm to mother? Non-maleficence = women shouldn’t be placed with emotional burden of rape Beneficence = contraceptive failure/mistake and their life shouldn’t be impacted by this people make mistakes Autonomy = own body own choice

Answer 11

High risk HPV can be caused by strains 16 and 18 90% of warts are strains 6 and 11 Warts are subcutaneous manifestations of the HPV strain that look brown/red in colour can itch and burn and bleed Topical lotions or ablations are used for treatment

Answer 12

1-3mm in size tan/grey in colour and can live in coarse hair such as eyebrows eyelashes abdomen hair back hair armpit hair and pubic hair Leave red lesions and blue lesions in some cases Treatment is insecticides, good personal hygiene and familial treatment Can be transmitted through sexual activities or close contact

Answer 13

HSV1 = cold sores HSV 2 = genital Starts with febrile prodromal phase, neuralgia, lower abdomen pain and ulcers Can be active or latent Treatment is not often acyclovir unless severe

Answer 14

Conclusion is logical to the premise

Answer 15

True premise that is factual and correct

Answer 16

The premise is incorrect Anything regarding morality as it cant be justified

Answer 17

Yes If it has an incorrect premise or moral content

Answer 18

Misrepresentation of person A’s initial argument portrayed as a weaker more frivolous argument that is more likely to be viewed negatively or rejected

Answer 19

Discredited an argument based of the person who made it (youre a kid you know nothing)

Answer 20

Circular reasoning, where conclusion matches the premises without any evidential backing

Answer 21

Using feelings within the argument

Answer 22

Discredited and debunking an argument because its initial premise is false/incorrectt

Answer 23

Euthanasia is the deliberate ending of someone’s life usually due to stop suffering

Answer 24

Deliberately assisting or encouraging one to commit suicide

Answer 25

Directly delivering the treatment to end someone’s life

Answer 26

With-holding life-prolonging treatment which patients can consent to to eventually kill them

Answer 27

Patient consents

Answer 28

When a person is dying cant consent but usually is through statement of wishes

Answer 29

Patient does NOT consent = murder

Answer 30

1. Autonomy, patients should be able to decide when they die and how they die 2. DNACPR exists and palliative care with high level sedation for suffering exists why cant others have that treatment 3. If a patietn is in pain doctors are not being BENEFICENT and acting in their best interest if they want to end life

Answer 31

1. Only god can end life 2. Questions the attitudes towards human life - squanders research 3. Violates non-maleficence = lack of respect for terminally ill 4. Detracts from improving end of life care

Answer 32

Is where an action is put in place to achieve a morally good outcome even if a potentially morally bad side effect may be produced (this can be foreseen or not)

Answer 33

Giving a drug to a terminally ill patient to relieve symptoms but knowing that this could shorten their lives

Answer 34

1. No other option than giving or doing the action youre doing 2. The action needs to have a good intention, can’t just be a bad intention (drug to kill) 3. The action needs to be proportional for helping (cant be too large of a dose to kill just to relieve) 4. Action must be relevant (correct drug to relieve symptoms)

Answer 35

1. Unforeseen side effects may occur (quicker death) 2. Death isn’t alwasy a problem for some 3. Must take responsibility for both as intention isn’t alwasy enough

Answer 36

Idea to implement: - promotion of good quality relationships - education - friendly contraceptive providers

Answer 37

1. Lower birth weight increased mortality for baby 2. Lower socioeconomic status, less education and work = worse outcome for mother and baby

Answer 38

Low socioeconomic groups = less education Failing of contraception Western countries

Answer 39

Mothers and babies reducing risk through audits and confidential enquiries across the UK

Answer 40

Perinatal and maternal mortality (death)

Answer 41

Death of the mother either up to 42 days or LATE (post 42 days-year)

Answer 42

1. Indirect (pre existing condition thats worsened, condition that developed during pregnancy) 2. Direct (allergy to medication, infection/sepsis, haemorrhage, VTE, eclampsia) 3. Late can include either of these

Answer 43

Pre-existing conditions - obesity/diabetes etc Low Socio-economic class - poor education (not attending appts.), no access to healthcare (no momey to drive or public transport), lower groups (smoking, alcohol and drugs), poorer living conditions (nutrition and housing) obstetric problems - (IVF, Twins and age)

Answer 44

Cardiac death

Answer 45

Death of a foetus >24 weeks up to 24 hours post delivery (4.1 in UK)

Answer 46

Death of new born first 7 days

Answer 47

Death of newborn up to 28 days

Answer 48

28-365 days

Answer 49

1. Prematurity 2. Congenital risk 3. Obstetric problems 4. Infections

Answer 50

Still births and early neonatal deaths

Answer 51

Death in first year of life - 61% die in first year - prematurity and congenital abnormality

Answer 52

1. Higher rates of teenage pregnancy 2. Higher rates in lower socioeconomic groups 3. Higher rates in primps 4. Higher rates in ethnic minorities

Answer 53

1. Smoke 2. Obesity 3. Lower socioeconomic background 4. Foetal IUGR 5. Multiple pregnancies 6. Ethnic problems 7. Geographical location 8. Congenital abnormalities

Answer 54

More men than women and easier to diagnose in men Recent rise in syphilis 15-24

Answer 55

Chlamydia - warts - herpes - gonorrhoea -

Answer 56

1. More condom less sex 2. More testing 3. More gay sex

Answer 57

1. Gay men 2. Young adults 3. Prison inmates 4. Sex workers 5. HIV 6. Ethnic communities

Answer 58

1. Use and correct use of condoms 2. Sexual education in schools 3. Clinics and support group s available 4. Screenign tests

Answer 59

Existing cases

Answer 60

1. Accidental (unaware) 2. Intentional (directly infecting them with intent) 3. Reckless (not intentional but careless)

Womens Health Flashcards

(85 cards)