Wood Finishing Applications Flashcards
(25 cards)
Oil stains are subdivided into two types:
PENETRATING OIL & PIGMENT OIL
both types are meant to be applied manually by brushing or wiping. penetrating oil derives its colour from soluble aniline dyes, while pigment oil stain derives its colour from a non-soluble pigments, which are finely ground minerals or earths
Natural Varnish
is a transparent, hard, protective finish, choose varnish as a topcoat when a durable finish is required and there is ample time to finish the piece
Varnish
They are the most durable topcoats
Polyester
polyester finishes on woodworking are exceptionally hard and durable clear finish, they tend to be very high gloss and look wet indefinitely.
they have a short pot life of between 15 and 20 minutes
4 types of Spray systems
Conventional air spray (small pot that screws on)
Airless
high- volume low pressure (HVLP)
air assisted airless
Oil stains are subdivided into two types
PENETRATING OIL AND PIGMENT OIL both types are meant to be applied manually by brushing or wiping. penetrating oil derives its colour for soluble aniline dyes while pigment oil stain derives its colour from non soluble pigments which are finely ground minerals or earths
natural varnish
is a transparent, hard protective finish choose varnish as a topcoat when a durable finish is required and there is ample time to finish the piece
Varnish
they are the most durable topcoats
polyester
polyester finishes on woodworking are an exceptionally hard and durable clear finish they tend to be very high gloss and look wet indefinitely they have a short pot life of between 15 and 202 minutes
4 types of spray system
AIR SPRAY (pot on the bottom of the gun)
AIRLESS
HIGH VOLUME LOW PRESSURE (HVLP)
AIR ASSISTED AIRLESS
when choosing an airless spray gun
Airless spray guns use a piston or diaphragm pump to deliver fluid to the spray gun tip, and atomize it by forcing it through a small-tip orifice at very high pressure various types of tips are available, airless guns are used for more commonly painting than for applying clear finishes, some operators get good results spraying clear finishes it is necessary to experiment with viscosity to achieve proper atomization and flow out in general however this technology is not suited for fine finishing work because too much product is delivered and the particles are too large
when selecting an air-assisted airless spray gun
typical transfer efficiencies for pressure- atomized air assisted systems are higher than conventional spraying equipment
surface prep
regardless of the type of wood, all surfaces must be clean dry and free of surface contaminants prior to the commencement of surface preparation
surface evaluation
identify any gouges dents scratches or stains use a strong side light to locate these defects
what is tactile
touch inspection
when detecting contaminants
the purpose of wetting the surface with the mineral spirit is to identify invisible contaminants on the woods surface
any glue on the surface will become visible under the mineral spirits
solvent wipe
brush mineral spirits or lacquer thinner onto the wood surface and then wipe it off with a clean dry cloth remove grease silicone and some oils
adhesive removal
the best technique for removing adhesive is to use a cabinet scraper or a chisel so the adhesive can be cut from the top of the wood surface
water stains
water stains are economical, brilliantly coloured non fading, non bleeding deep penetrating and have an even clear tone however they raise the grain , are difficult to apply evenly and are unstable
end grain should have a wash coat of clear stain base or stain conditioner applied before staining as this will minimize the absorption of the stain into the porous area of the end grain
types of bleach
bleach is used to remove localized stain defects remove the natural pigments or lighten the entire surface of the wood, several types of wood are available
sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide
commercial wood bleach kits are combined of sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide
proper bleaching procedure
work from the bottom to the top to minimize the potential for streaks on the surface, applying bleach with fibre-bristled brush from bottom to top
