Woodland Management + Biodiversity + Extinction

Question 1

Why are woodlands being managed?

Answer 1

.Production of timber/ wood
.Wildlife conservation
.They benefit personal health and well-being
.Landscape importance
.Protection of historic features

Question 2

What are the three management techniques for woodland management?

Answer 2

1. Coppicing
2. Rotational coppicing
3. Selective felling/ cutting

Question 3

Describe coppicing?

Answer 3

Trees are cut down close to the ground and then left to re-grow with a number of new shoots.

Question 4

Describe long rotation time?

Answer 4

This involves leaving each part of the woodland for many years before re-harvesting it.

Question 5

What are the disadvantages of long rotation time? (2)

Answer 5

1. Not enough time for species diversity to build up

2. Machinery can cause damage to the soil.

Question 6

Describe selective felling?

Answer 6

The technique is used to fell small groups of trees from one particular area of woodland. The increases light levels encourage new trees to regenerate naturally from seeds that is already present in the woodland.

Question 7

What are three uses of timer?

Answer 7

1. Biofuel to make energy
2. Woodland furniture
3. Furniture frames

Question 8

How can you improve forestry efficiency ?

Answer 8

1. Planting trees at an optimum distance
2. Controlling pests and diseases
3. Plant more native species

Question 9

What are the main considerations for protecting an area to preserve species?

Answer 9

1. To improve the quality and range of habitats in woodlands, which are legally safeguard and patrolled by wardens.
2. Control invasive species
3. Control developments and human activities

Question 10

Define biodiversity

Answer 10

Variety of species on earth

Question 11

How has the rate up extinction changed over time?

Answer 11

Loss of species up to X50 higher than at any other time in the last 100,000

Question 12

What are the seven main reasons for extinction?

Answer 12

1. Loss of habitat
2. Over hunting by humans
3. Competition from introduced species
4. Deforestation
5. Pollution
6. Diseases
7. Drainage of wetlands

Question 13

What conservation methods can be used?

Answer 13

1. Seed/ gene banks-to preserve potentially useful genes
2. Establishment of sperm banks
3. Rare breed societies
4. Re- introduction
5. Captive breeding
6. Cites and other international agreements
7. International campaigns
8. Pollution control
9. Botanic Gardens

Question 14

Explain ecotourism

Answer 14

It promotes the benefits of health, wellbeing and sense of place in the woodlands together with provisions of safe guarding and appropriate access and recreation in the outdoors

Question 15

What is the purpose of ecotourism? (5)

Answer 15

1. Minimise the negative impacts of tourism
2. Contribute to conservation
3. Employ local people
4. Generate money into the local community
5. Provide a positive experience for visitors and hosts alike.