Words 10 Flashcards
(25 cards)
author
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈɔː.θər/ US /ˈɑː.θɚ/
a person who begins or creates something:
formal
She’s the author of the company’s recent success.
However, analysts have suggested that the coup authors - whether Gulenists or secularists - may have brought forward plans because they suspected Mr Erdogan was about to purge the military anyway.
altruism
noun [ U ]
UK /ˈæl.tru.ɪ.zəm/ US /ˈæl.tru.ɪ.zəm/
willingness to do things that bring advantages to others, even if it results in disadvantage for yourself:
The imam promotes a tolerant Islam which emphasises altruism, modesty (quiet success), hard work and education.
recluse
noun [ C ]
UK /rɪˈkluːs/ US /rɪˈkluːs/
a person who lives alone and avoids going outside or talking to other people:
He is a recluse with a heart condition and diabetes who lives in a country estate in the US state of Pennsylvania.
He is a millionaire recluse who refuses to give interviews.
pious
adjective
UK /ˈpaɪ.əs/ US /ˈpaɪ.əs/
pious adjective (RELIGIOUS)
strongly believing in religion, and living in a way that shows this belief:
She is a pious follower of the faith, never missing her prayers.
Both Mr Erdogan and Mr Gulen portray themselves as PIOUS muslims in opposition to secularism - but some see a slight difference in their approaches.
Erdogan is seen as favouring a Turkish version of political Islam, while Gulen presents himself as ESPOUSING (benimsemek = to support an activity or opinion) a form of cultural rather than political Islam.
sideline
verb [ T ]
UK /ˈsaɪd.laɪn/ US /ˈsaɪd.laɪn
to force someone or something into a situation in which they have less influence or importance than before:
After I got pregnant, I felt that my bosses were sidelining me.
Once the military had been sidelined, a power struggle began to take shape as the AKP and the Gulenists vied for control of the state.
*Six candidates are currently vying for the Democratic presidential nomination.
graft
noun
UK /ɡrɑːft/ US /ɡræft/
graft noun (INFLUENCE)
[ U ] mainly US
the act of getting money or advantage through the dishonest use of political power and influence:
The whole government was riddled with graft, bribery, and corruption.
His administration was marked by widespread graft and crime.
Corruption in government is common, and several elected officials are suspected of graft.
graft charge/allegation/investigation
dispatch
verb [ T ] (UK also despatch)
UK /dɪˈspætʃ/ US /dɪˈspætʃ/
dispatch verb [T] (KILL)
literary or old-fashioned to kill someone:
Our handsome hero manages to dispatch another five villains (a bad person who harms other people or breaks the law).
Having dispatched the military, Mr Erdogan went after Hizmet in 2013 by vowing to shut down thousands of private schools that prepare students for exams, about a quarter of which were run by the Gulenist movement.
feud
noun [ C ]
UK /fjuːd/ US /fjuːd/
ensuing
adjective [ before noun ]
UK /ɪnˈsjuː.ɪŋ/ US /ɪnˈsuː.ɪŋ/
happening after something and because of it:
An argument broke out and in the ensuing fight, a gun went off.
He lost his job and in the ensuing months became more and more depressed.
an argument that has existed for a long time between two people or groups, causing a lot of anger or violence:
a family feud
The ensuing feud with the judiciary reignited (tekrar alevlendirmek) long-simmering street protests and rattled (worried or nervous) foreign investors.
deceive
verb [ T ]
UK /dɪˈsiːv/ US /dɪˈsiːv/
B2
to persuade someone that something false is the truth, or to keep the truth hidden from someone for your own advantage:
The company deceived customers by selling old computers as new ones.
The sound of the door closing deceived me into thinking they had gone out.
Synonym
trick
delude
verb [ T ]
UK /dɪˈluːd/ US /dɪˈluːd/
to make someone believe something that is not true:
He’s deluding himself if he thinks he’s going to be promoted this year.
debase
verb [ T ]
UK /dɪˈbeɪs/ US /dɪˈbeɪs/
to reduce the quality or value of something:
Some argue that money has debased football.
I can tell from the weight that this isn’t pure gold, but rather some debased mixed metal.
You have debased yourself by accepting bribes.
debilitating
adjective
UK /dɪˈbɪl.ɪ.teɪ.tɪŋ/ US /dɪˈbɪl.ə.teɪ.t̬ɪŋ/
making someone or something physically weak:
Diabetes can be severely debilitating or even life-threatening if not treated regularly.
Strokes are a common debilitating condition of old age.
debunk
verb [ T ] informal
UK /ˌdiːˈbʌŋk/ US /ˌdiːˈbʌŋk/
to show that something is less important, less good, or less true than it has been made to appear:
Every week some long-held medical theory is debunked.
Expose, ridicule, or disprove false or exaggerated claims.
Galileo spent his last years under house arrest for debunking the widely held idea that the Sun revolved around the Earth.
***The earth revolves around the sun.
decry
verb [ T ] formal
UK /dɪˈkraɪ/ US /dɪˈkraɪ/
to criticize something as bad, without value, or unnecessary:
Lawyers decried the imprisonment of several journalists.
The activist decried the destruction of the animals’ habitat.
deem
verb [ T not continuous ] formal
UK /diːm/ US /diːm/
C2
to consider or judge something in a particular way:
[ + obj + noun/adj ] The area has now been deemed safe.
“You can take the black belt exam when I deem you ready, and not a moment before,” said the karate instructor.
deflect
verb [ I or T ]
UK /dɪˈflekt/ US /dɪˈflekt/
to (cause to) change direction, or to prevent something from being directed at you:
The ball deflected off my shoulder, straight into the goal.
The crowd cheered as the goalkeeper deflected the shot.
Cause to curve; turn aside, especially from a straight course; avoid.
The purpose of a shield is to deflect arrows or bullets from an enemy.
Every time he was asked a difficult question, Senator Warrington deflected by changing the topic, saying he’d answer later.
delimit
verb [ T ] formal
UK /ˌdiːˈlɪm.ɪt/ US /ˌdiːˈlɪm.ɪt/
to mark or describe the limits of something:
Police powers are delimited by law.
The role of an executive coach is delimited by our code of conduct—we may not counsel people for psychological conditions, for instance.
denote
verb [ T ]
UK /dɪˈnəʊt/ US /dɪˈnoʊt/
simgelemek, göstermek, anlamına gelmek
to represent something:
The colour red is used to denote passion or danger.
His angry tone denoted extreme displeasure.
deride
verb [ T ] formal
UK /dɪˈraɪd/ US /dɪˈraɪd/
to laugh at someone or something in a way that shows you think they are stupid or of no value:
He derided my singing as pathetic.
This building, once derided by critics, is now a major tourist attraction.
The recovery of the euro did belie critics who had initially derided it as a weak currency.
deter
verb [ T ]
UK /dɪˈtɜːr/ US /dɪˈtɝː/
-rr-
to prevent or discourage someone from doing something - something that restrains or discourages:
High prices are deterring a lot of young couples from buying houses.
Some argue that the death penalty is a deterrent to crime—that is, the point is not just to punish the guilty, but to frighten other prospective criminals.
dichotomy
noun [ C usually singular ] formal
UK /daɪˈkɒt.ə.mi/ US /daɪˈkɑː.t̬ə.mi/
a difference between two completely opposite ideas or things:
There is often a dichotomy between what politicians say and what they do.
discrete
adjective
UK /dɪˈskriːt/ US /dɪˈskriːt/
clearly separate or different in shape or form:
(Separate, distinct, detached, existing as individual parts. This is NOT the same word as discreet, which means subtle, secretive)
These small companies now have their own discrete identity.
Be sure to use quotation marks and citations as appropriate in your paper in order to keep your ideas discrete from those of the experts you are quoting.
The advertising agency pitched us not on one campaign, but on three discrete ideas.
discriminating
adjective formal approving
UK /dɪˈskrɪm.ɪ.neɪ.tɪŋ/ US /dɪˈskrɪm.ə.neɪ.t̬ɪŋ/
Judicious, discerning, having good judgment or insight. Many people automatically think o f discriminating as bad, because they are thinking of racial discrimination. However, discriminating is simply telling things apart and can be an important skill— it is important to discriminate legitimate colleges from fraudulent diploma mills, for instance.
He is a man of discriminating tastes—all his suits are handmade in Italy, and I once saw him send back an entree when he complained that black truffle oil had been substituted for white. The chef was astounded that he could tell.
You can tell a real Prada bag by the discriminating mark on the inside.
able to know and act on the difference between good and bad:
They’re discriminating shoppers.
a discriminating music lover
disinterested
adjective
UK /dɪˈsɪn.trə.stɪd/ US /dɪˈsɪn.trə.stɪd/
Disinterested - Unbiased, impartial; not interested. Don’t confuse with uninterested, which means not interested, bored, apathetic.
having no personal involvement or receiving no personal advantage, and therefore free to act fairly:
a disinterested observer/judgment
a piece of disinterested advice
Let’s settle this argument once and for all! We’ll get a disinterested observer to judge who can sing the highest note!
