Words 9 Flashcards
(25 cards)
jerk
verb [ I or T, usually + adv/prep ]
UK /dʒɜːk/ US /dʒɝːk/
To make a short sudden movement.
The alarm went off and she woke up with a JERK.
The bus JERKED to a halt.
predominate
verb [ I ]
UK /prɪˈdɒm.ɪ.neɪt/ US /prɪˈdɑː.mə.neɪt/
Be the most important or the greatest in number.
We live in an area in which livestock, poultry, and dairy farming PREDOMINATE.
The ages of the inmates varied, but the old and the sick PREDOMINATED.
wrist
noun [ C ]
UK /rɪst/ US /rɪst/
The part of the body between the hand and the arm.
I SPRAINED (to cause an injury to a joint) my WRIST playing tennis.
jolt
verb
UK /dʒəʊlt/ US /dʒoʊlt/
To move suddenly and violently.
The train stopped unexpectedly and we JOLTED forwards.
As the plane touched the ground, there was a massive JOLT and we were thrown forwards.
coincide
verb [ I ]
UK /ˌkəʊ.ɪnˈsaɪd/ US /ˌkoʊ.ɪnˈsaɪd/
To happen at or near the same time.
If our schedules COINCIDES, we’ll go to Turkey together.
Our views COINCIDE on a range of subjects.
If the heavy rain had COINCIDED with an extreme high tide, serious flooding would have resulted.
impart
verb [ T ] formal
UK /ɪmˈpɑːt/ US /ɪmˈpɑːrt/
To communicate information to someone.
To IMPART the bad news.
Has the movie any lesson to IMPART?
deterioration
noun [ C or U ]
UK /dɪˌtɪə.ri.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ US /dɪˌtɪr.i.əˈreɪ.ʃən/
The fact or process of becoming worse.
We’ve seen a DETERIORATION in relations between the countries.
A DETERIORATION in retail sales in the second quarter has resulted in a poor forecast.
contention
noun
UK /kənˈten.ʃən/ US /kənˈten.ʃən/
The disagreement that results from opposing arguments.
The issue has been settled - it’s no longer in CONTENTION.
An opinion expressed in an argument.
It’s her CONTENTION that exercise is almost as important as diet if you want to lose weight.
refute
verb [ T ] formal
UK /rɪˈfjuːt/ US /rɪˈfjuːt/
To say or prove that a person, statement, opinion, etc. is wrong or false:
To REFUTE a person / theory / argument / claim.
reinforce
verb [ T ]
UK /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːs/ US /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːrs/
To make something stronger.
The pockets on my jeans are REINFORCED with double stitching.
His behaviour merely (only) REINFORCED my dislike of him.
concede
verb
UK /kənˈsiːd/ US /kənˈsiːd/
concede verb (ADMIT)
C2 [ T ]
to admit, often unwillingly, that something is true:
[ + (that) ] The government has conceded (that) the new tax policy has been a disaster.
[ + speech ] “Well okay, perhaps I was a little hard on her,” he conceded.
Related word
concession (SOMETHING ALLOWED)
condone
verb [ T ]
UK /kənˈdəʊn/ US /kənˈdoʊn/
to accept or allow behaviour that is wrong:
If the government is seen to condone violence, the bloodshed will never stop.
Overlook, tolerate, regard as harmless.
While underage drinking is illegal, at many universities, it is tacitly condoned by administrations that neglect to enforce anti-drinking policies.
confer verb UK /kənˈfɜːr/ US /kənˈfɝː/ -rr- confer verb (TALK)
[ I ]
to exchange ideas on a particular subject, often in order to reach a decision on what action to take:
I need some time to confer with my lawyer.
Consult, compare views; bestow or give.
A Ph.D. confers upon a person the right to be addressed as “Doctor” as well as eligibility to pursue tenure-track professorship.
Excuse me for a moment to make a call— I can’t buy this car until I confer with my spouse.
consequently
adverb
UK /ˈkɒn.sɪ.kwənt.li/ US /ˈkɑːn.sə.kwənt.li/
As a result, therefore. (Don’t confuse with subsequently, which means afterwards.)
The new medicine is not only a failure, but a dangerous one; consequently, drug trials were halted immediately.
contend
verb
UK /kənˈtend/ US /kənˈtend/
contend verb (COMPETE)
[ I ]
to compete in order to win something:
There are three world-class tennis players contending for this title.
He’s contending against someone with twice his experience.
Contentious means controversial or argumentative, as in “The death penalty is a contentious issue”.
converge
verb [ I ]
UK /kənˈvɜːdʒ/ US /kənˈvɝːdʒ/
If lines, roads, or paths converge, they move towards the same point where they join or meet:
The paths all converge at the main gate of the park.
Due to roadworks, three lanes of traffic have to converge into two.
conversely
adverb
UK /ˈkɒn.vɜːs.li/ /kənˈvɜːs.li/ US /ˈkɑːn.vɝːs.li/ /kənˈvɝːs.li/
In an opposite way; on the other hand.
I am not here to argue that lack of education causes poverty. Conversely, I am here to argue that poverty causes lack of education.
convoluted
adjective
UK /ˈkɒn.və.luː.tɪd/ US /ˈkɑːn.və.luː.t̬ɪd/
Twisted; very complicated.
Your argument is so convoluted that I’m not even able to understand it enough to start critiquing it.
To get from the hotel room to the pool requires following a convoluted path up two staircases and down two others—to get to someplace on the same floor we started on!
copious
adjective
UK /ˈkəʊ.pi.əs/ US /ˈkoʊ.pi.əs/
Plentiful, bountiful.
in large amounts, or more than enough:
They drank copious amounts of soft drinks.
He took copious notes during the lecture.
corresponding
adjective
UK /ˌkɒr.ɪˈspɒn.dɪŋ/ US /ˌkɔːr.əˈspɑːn.dɪŋ/
Accompanying; having the same or almost the same relationship.
Our profit-sharing plan means that increases in profit will be matched by corresponding increases in employee compensation.
countenance
noun formal
UK /ˈkaʊn.tən.əns/ US /ˈkaʊn.t̬ən.əns/
Approve or tolerate.
Countenance can also literally mean “face” (Her countenance was familiar—did we know each other?).
The metaphorical meaning makes sense when you think about a similar expression:
“I cannot look you in the face after what you did.” (You would usually say “I cannot face you” when the speaker is the guilty party.)
We will not give/lend countenance to any kind of terrorism.
The school will not countenance bad behaviour.
rescind
verb [ T ] formal
UK /rɪˈsɪnd/ US /rɪˈsɪnd/
to make a law, agreement, order, or decision no longer have any (legal) power (feshetmek - yürürlükten kaldırmak - geçersiz kılmak):
The policy of charging air travellers for vegetarian meals proved unpopular and has already been rescinded.
The vote rescinds zoning decisions made earlier in the decade.
buttress
noun [ C ]
UK /ˈbʌt.rəs/ US /ˈbʌt.rəs/
to build buttresses to support a building or structure:
It was decided to buttress the crumbling walls.
to make support for an idea or argument stronger by providing a good reason for it:
The arguments for change are buttressed by events elsewhere.
to give support to or strengthen something:
He looked for things that would buttress the prosecution case and win a conviction.
culminate
verb
UK /ˈkʌl.mɪ.neɪt/ US /ˈkʌl.mə.neɪt/
Reach the highest point or final stage:
A Ph.D. program generally culminates in a written dissertation and its defense to a committee.
to have as a result or be the final result of a process:
[ I ] Secret negotiations culminated in the historic peace accord.
[ T ] The discovery culminated many years of research.
If an event or series of events culminates in something, it ends with it, having developed until it reaches this point:
My arguments with the boss got worse and worse, and finally culminated in my resignation.
Their many years of research have finally culminated in a cure for the disease.
