Workbook 4: System Initialization and Services

Question 1

Which of the following controls the first part of the boot sequence?

Answer 1

BIOS

Question 2

Which of the following controls the last part of the boot sequence?

Answer 2

/sbin/init

Question 3

A bootloader usually passes control to which of the following?

Answer 3

the Linux kernel

Question 4

Which is the first process started by the Linux kernel?

Answer 4

/sbin/init

Question 5

Which of the following is responsible for initially mounting the root partition?

Answer 5

the Linux kernel

Question 6

Which of the following is responsible for determining the appropriate boot device?

Answer 6

BIOS

Question 7

Which of the following is usually found in a disk’s Master Boot Record?

Answer 7

a bootloader

Question 8

Which of the following is found in the ROM of a system’s motherboard?

Answer 8

BIOS

Question 9

What is the name of the protocol used to assign non-conflicting resource configurations to devices?

Answer 9

Plug-‘n-Play

Question 10

BIOS usually passes control to which of the following?

Answer 10

a bootloader

Question 11

Which of the following files is GRUB’s configuration file?

Answer 11

/boot/grub/grub.conf

Question 12

What would be the conventional name of the initial ramdisk for the 2.6.32-8.el6 kernel?

Answer 12

/boot/initramfs-2.6.32-8.el6.img

Question 13

What command is used to install GRUB?

Answer 13

grub-install

Question 14

n GRUB’s configuration file, lines beginning with which keyword define the user visible menu labels?

Answer 14

title

Question 15

When booting, which file is executed as GRUB’s stage 1?

Answer 15

The question is inappropriate, as GRUB’s stage 1 lives in a Master Boot Record or bootsector.

Question 16

How would GRUB refer to the file /etc/passwd?

Answer 16

(hd0,2)/etc/passwd

Question 17

How would GRUB refer to the file /boot/grub/grub.conf?

Answer 17

None of the above

Question 18

Where is the initial ramdisk referenced in the above configuration file located?

Answer 18

/boot/initrd-2.6.18-8.el5.img

Question 19

When booting, approximately how long does the user have to select a menu item?

Answer 19

10 seconds

Question 20

After editing the GRUB configuration file, which command must be run to implement the changes?

Answer 20

None of the above

Question 21

Which of the following would be a reasonable default runlevel for a rack mounted network server?

Answer 21

3

Question 22

Which runlevel is traditionally associated with shutting down a machine?

Answer 22

6

Question 23

Which command lines or actions could be used to reboot the machine?

Answer 23

1) reboot
2) init 6
3) shutdown -r now
4) Entering CTRL+ALT+DELETE from the console.

Question 24

If a machine were booted without any user intervention, how many mingetty processes would be started directly by the init process?

Answer 24

6

Question 25

Upon pressing the CTRL-ALT-DEL key sequence, what will happen?

Answer 25

The system will gracefully shutdown.

Question 26

Once a machine has booted directly into runlevel 5, which of the following processes would not have been started directly by init?

Answer 26

All of the above processes would have been started by init

Question 27

You decide that you would like to have two additional virtual consoles present login prompts. What file should be edited to add the additional mingetty processes?

Answer 27

/etc/sysconfig/init

Question 28

Which of the following command lines would schedule a shutdown of the machine for 2 hours after it was executed?

Answer 28

shutdown -h +120

Question 29

ou find a Red Hat Enterprise Linux machine with the following line in its /etc/inittab file. id:6:initdefault: What would be the most appropriate name for the machine?

Answer 29

Yo-yo

Question 30

Which commands could be used to perform an immediate shutdown of the machine?

Answer 30

poweroff halt shutdown -h n now init 0

Question 31

Which of the following is not a standard command for Red Hat Enterprise Linux service scripts?

Answer 31

kill

Question 32

What runlevel is traditionally referred to as single user mode?

Answer 32

1

Question 33

Which of the following best describes how the gpm service would respond when changing from runlevel 2 to runlevel 5?

Answer 33

The gpm service, which should not have been running, will be started.

Question 34

Which of the following best describes how the gpm service would respond when changing from runlevel 5 to runlevel 6?

Answer 34

The gpm service, which should have been running, will be stopped.

Question 35

What directory contains Red Hat Enterprise Linux service scripts?

Answer 35

None of the above

Question 36

Which of the following command lines would immediately start the newly installed httpd service?

Answer 36

service httpd start

Question 37

Which of the following command lines would configure the newly installed httpd service to start automatically upon reboots?

Answer 37

chkconfig httpd on

Question 38

Which of the following command lines would list the runlevel configuration for all services?

Answer 38

chkconfig --list

Question 39

Which of the following command lines is equivalent to the command line service smb status?

Answer 39

/etc/rc.d/init.d/smb status

Question 40

Which of the following commands would reinitialize the crond daemon, but not kill it and start a new one?

Answer 40

service crond reload

Question 41

What graphical application can be used to configure Red Hat Enterprise Linux services?

Answer 41

system-config-services

Question 42

What key sequence can be used to scroll through the history of a virtual console?

Answer 42

SHIFT+PAGEUP

Question 43

Which of the following is the most likely cause of the problem?

Answer 43

The bootloader has been configured with an incorrect root partition or path to the kernel.

Question 44

Which of the following files will most likely have to be edited to solve the problem?

Answer 44

/boot/grub/grub.conf

Question 45

Which of the following best explains the problem?

Answer 45

For some reason, the kernel could not find or execute its normal first process.

Question 46

Which file should be examined and or modified?

Answer 46

/sbin/init

Question 47

What is the most likely problem?

Answer 47

The /etc/fstab file has an incorrect entry referencing the root partition.

Question 48

Which file would you most likely have to edit to solve this problem?

Answer 48

/etc/fstab

Question 49

"Unable to remove file /var/lib/rpm/__db.001: Read-only Filesystem" What is the most likely cause of the problem?

Answer 49

The /var partition was mounted read-only.

Question 50

Which of the following files would most likely need to be edited to fix the problem?

Answer 50

/etc/fstab

Question 51

What graphical application can be used to configure Red Hat Enterprise Linux services?

Answer 51

system-config-services

Question 52

What key sequence can be used to scroll through the history of a virtual console?

Answer 52

SHIFT+PAGEUP

Question 53

Which of the following is the most likely cause of the problem?

Answer 53

The bootloader has been configured with an incorrect root partition or path to the kernel.

Question 54

Which of the following files will most likely have to be edited to solve the problem?

Answer 54

/boot/grub/grub.conf

Question 55

Which of the following best explains the problem?

Answer 55

For some reason, the kernel could not find or execute its normal first process.

Question 56

Which file should be examined and or modified?

Answer 56

/sbin/init

Question 57

Upon booting, you select an entry from from the GRUB menu, and see a series of kernel and init script messages. The boot sequence ends abruptly at the following point, however. * What is the most likely problem?

Answer 57

The /etc/fstab file has an incorrect entry referencing the root partition.

Question 58

Which file would you most likely have to edit to solve this problem?

Answer 58

/etc/fstab

Question 59

"Unable to remove file /var/lib/rpm/__db.001: Read-only Filesystem" What is the most likely cause of the problem?

Answer 59

The /var partition was mounted read-only.

Question 60

Which of the following files would most likely need to be edited to fix the problem?

Answer 60

/etc/fstab