Workers - synthesis Flashcards
Knights of Labour union
formed 1868 - inclusive social unionism, 700,000 members by 1886
destroyed after Haymarket affair - short term
supported iron workers in Homestead strikes 1892, but failed due to lack of solidarity from AFL
1877 great railway strike
use of 650 federal troops to break strike - similar to pullman strike 1894 and federal attitude during Reagan era
1886 Haymarket affair
strike of 200,000 workers under KOL which crossed state lines - use of state militia + pinker tons to break strike
similar federal response to PATCO strikes 1981
1887 sugar cane strike
AA workers payed 42 c a day - growers were reliant on them as they couldnt attract cheaper labour
local sheriff took side of growers rather than strikers - worked with KOL but met violent retaliation + martial law
attitudes of employers towards unions similar to railway strike, homestead + pullman and PATCO
IN RE DEBS - 1895
federal gov can issue injunctions constitutionally
supporting their actions at homestead and pullman + 1919 great steal strike
1892 homestead strike
employers used pinkertons to break strike - similar to PATCO and Dotson’s ruling + managers built up supply of steel to withstand strike
AFL lack of solidarity with strikers
1894 pullman strike
attorney general issued order restricting interference of mail transport THEN president cleaveland sent federal troops
similar to great railway strike
1902 coal strike
federal government intervention BUT to ensure mediation and resolution - change in government attitude
however continuity that employers not forced to recognise collective bargaining rights
NWLB WW1
loss of right to strike in exchange for federal enforcement of other issues such as conditions + and pay
short term impact as followed by employer counter attack + similar to new deal policies eg Wagner act put procedures in place to limit strikes
Wagner act 1935
long term impact - continued until end of period BUT limited by taft Hartley 1947
representative of change of federal attitude similar to NWLB, JFK executive order in 1962 which allowed federal employees to collectively bargain
CIO (industrial unionism) 1935
national federation of unions - 3.5 mill members by end of 30s
short term due to purging of CIO in 1949 - limited impact and inclusivity
GM sit down strike 1936
power of collective bargaining in industry + use of national guard to protect strikers represents a change in attitude of the federal government from pullman strike, railroad strike etc.
