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Mental Health Exam 1 Flashcards > Worksheet 1 > Flashcards

Worksheet 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The DSM stands for-

A

The Diagnostic & Statistical Manual

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2
Q

Originally publicated by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, but the most recent edition was made in 2013 =

A

The DSM

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3
Q

The dominant method of categorizing and diagnosing mental illness in America =

A

The DSM-5

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4
Q

The latest DCM publication (DCM-5) describes criteria for how many disorders?

A

157

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5
Q

Where is the DSM used?

A

Inpatient, outpatient, partial hospitalization, consultation-liaison, clinics, private practice, and community settings

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6
Q

What is the list of disorder categories in the DSM-5 =

A

1) Neurodevelopmental disorders
2) Schizophrenia spectrum disorders
3) Bipolar and related disorders
4) Depressive Disorders
5) Anxiety Disorders
6) Obsessive-compulsive disorders
7) Trauma and stressor-related disorders
8) Dissociative Disorders
9) Somatic Symptom Disorders
10) Feeding and eating disorders
11) Elimination Disorders
12) Sleep-Wake Disorders
13) Sexual Dysfunctions
14) Gender Dysphoria
15) Disruptive, Impulse Control, & Conduct Disorders
16) Substance-related and addictive disorders
17) Neurocognitive disorders
18) Personality disorders
19) Paraphilic disorders
20) Other Disorders

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7
Q

What’s a common misconception of the DSM-5?

A

It doesn’t classify people, it classifies disorders

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8
Q

What are the 2 major classification systems in America?

A

The DSM-5
The ICD-10-CM

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9
Q

Psychoanalytic therapy is used to treat what disorders?

A

This is a trick question.

Although this was the foundation for many other different therapies, this therapy isn’t really used anymore. It’s too long, (requires 3-5 sessions a week for many years) and insurance companies don’t want to cover the cost

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10
Q

The best candidates for this therapy are people who are relatively healthy and are well-functioning (People who have a clear area of difficulty but are intelligent, psychologically minded, and are well-motivated for change) =

A

Psychodynamic Therapy

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11
Q

The target audience of psychodynamic therapy are sometimes referred to as-

A

“Worried Well” people

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12
Q

PT’s with psychosis, severe depression, borderline personality disorders, and severe personality disorders are not a good fit for-

A

Psychodynamic Therapy

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13
Q

Psychodynamic Therapy is rooted in psychoanalysis and uses many of the same tools such as-

A

Free Association
Dream Analysis
Transference
Counter-Transference

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14
Q

Unconscious feelings a PT has toward a healthcare worker =

A

Transference

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15
Q

Unconscious feelings a healthcare worker has toward a PT =

A

Counter-Transferrence

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16
Q

When an analyst actively encourages a PT to freely share whatever thoughts or words come to mind to access the unconscious =

A

Free Association

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17
Q

Developed Interpersonal Theory =

A

Harry Stack Sullivan

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18
Q

Is Interpersonal Therapy an effective therapy? Is it long-term or short-term?

A

It’s an effective short-term therapy

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19
Q

What is the goal of interpersonal therapy?

A

To reduce / eliminate psychiatric symptoms (especially depression)

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20
Q

How does Interpersonal Therapy reduce / eliminate psychiatric symptoms (especially depression)?

A

By improving interpersonal functioning + satisfaction with social relationships

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21
Q

What 3 types of problems in particular respond well to interpersonal therapy?

A

Grief & Loss
Interpersonal Disputes (Conflicts with a significant other)
Role Transition (Problematic change in life status/ social/ vocational role)

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22
Q

This therapy works best when targeted toward specific problems and the goal is well-defined=

A

Behavioral Therapy

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23
Q

What type of therapy tries to change someone’s behavior without looking into why they are the way that they are?

A

Behavioral Therapy

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24
Q

What is behavioral therapy best at treating?

A

Phobias, alcohol use disorder, schizophrenia, etc.

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25
Q

What are the 5 types of behavioral therapy?

A

Modeling
Operant Conditioning
Exposure Therapy
Aversion Therapy
Biofeedback

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26
Q

When the therapist provides a role model for specific identified behaviors, and the PT learns through imitation =

A

Modeling

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27
Q

The basis for behavior modification + uses positive reinforcement to increase desired behaviors =

A

Operant Conditioning

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28
Q

How is “token economy” used in operant conditioning?

A

Desired goals are achieved = Get tokens that can be traded in for things like food, small luxuries, or privileges (positive reinforcement) = More motivated to achieve more goals + behaviors change for the better over time

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29
Q

Operant conditioning is useful in treating-

A

The verbal behaviors of children who are mute, autistic, and developmentally disabled

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30
Q

In PT’s with severe + persistent mental illness, behavior modification has helped to increase levels of-

A

Self-care, social behavior, group participation, etc.

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31
Q

Used for people who experience anxiety due to fears, phobias, or traumatic memories =

A

Exposure Therapy

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32
Q

What are the 3 types of exposure therapy?

A

Imaginal exposure
Vivo exposure
Virtual reality exposure

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33
Q

When the PT imagines facing their fear =

A

Imaginal Exposure

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34
Q

When the PT actually confronts their fear in real life =

A

Vivo Exposure

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35
Q

Combination of Imaginal and Vivo Exposure =

A

Virtual Reality Exposure

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36
Q

Used to treat things like alcohol use disorder, Paraphilic disorders, shoplifting, aggressive behavior, and self-mutilation =

A

Aversion Therapy

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37
Q

Pairing a target behavior with a negative stimulus, to extinguish an undesirable behavior =

A

Aversion Therapy

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38
Q

Putting bitter-tasting stuff on your fingernails keeps you from biting them. This is an example of-

A

Aversion Therapy

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39
Q

When you wear technology that you can use to monitor your physical responses to things like stress/anxiety =

A

Biofeedback

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40
Q

Who developed Rational-Emotive Therapy?

A

Albert Ellis

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41
Q

What is the goal of Rational-Emotive Therapy?

A

To remove core irrational beliefs by helping people to realize beliefs that are inaccurate, sensible, or useful

42
Q

How did Ellis describe negative thinking?

A

An A-B-C process

A = Activating Event (Being invited to a birthday party)
B = Beliefs (“People don’t like me”)
C = Emotional Consequence (“If I go to this party, I’ll just bring everyone else down”)

43
Q

Who developed Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) after realizing that people with depression have different thinking than those without =

A

Aaron T. Beck

44
Q

CBT is based on both-

A

Cognitive psychology & behavioral therapy

45
Q

The basis of CBT is what kind of approach?

A

An active, directive, time-limited, structured approach

46
Q

CBT can be used to treat -

A

Depression, anxiety, phobias, pain

47
Q

Beck believed that everyone has unique assumptions about themselves, others, and the world in general called-

A

Schemas

48
Q

Rapid, unthinking responses based on schemas =

A

Automatic Thoughts

49
Q

Automatic thoughts are particularly intense and frequent in disorders like-

A

Depression & Anxiety

50
Q

Internal mental filters or biases that increase negative thinking =

A

Cognitive Distortions

51
Q

Automatic thoughts are a form of-

A

Cognitive distortion

52
Q

When PT’s are taught to challenge their own negative thinking and substitute it with healthier thinking =

A

CBT

53
Q

Was developed to address sexual abuse trauma in children but was subsequently expanded to address the needs of people effected by any trauma or abuse =

A

Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT)

54
Q

Developed Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) =

A

Marsha Linehan

55
Q

DBT is a specific type of-

A

Cognitive behavioral therapy

56
Q

DBT was developed for people with-

A

Intractable behavioral disorders involving emotional regulation

57
Q

DBT can treat-

A

Chronically suicidal people and self-injuring women with borderline personality disorder

Depression, suicidal thoughts, hopelessness, anger, substance use, and dissociation

58
Q

How long is DBT?

A

Long-term (1-1.5 years)

59
Q

Mindfulness, distress tolerance, interpersonal effectiveness, and emotional regulation are all things that are benefitted by which therapy?

A

DBT

60
Q

Drug therapy =

A

Pharmacotherapy

61
Q

What do psychotropic meds do?

A

Exert differential effects on a variety of neurotransmitters and helps restore brain function

62
Q

The oldest brain stimulation therapy =

A

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

63
Q

Treats psychiatric disorders as well as neurological ones like Parkinson’s disease, epilepsy, and pain conditions =

A

Brain Stimulation Therapies

64
Q

Voluntary Admission =

A

Come in on your own

65
Q

Involuntary Admission =

A

Court-ordered without PT’s approval

66
Q

Friendship, family, and intimacy are all examples of what part of Maslow’s heirarchy?

A

The middle of the pyramid (Love & Belonging)

67
Q

Confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others all fall into what part of Maslow’s hierarchy?

A

Self-Esteem (Just below the tip of the pyramid)

68
Q

Morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem-solving, acceptance of facts all falls into what part of Maslow’s pyramid?

A

The tip (Self-Actualization)

69
Q

Empathy =

A

Ability to understand how someone feels

70
Q

Sympathy =

A

Feeling pity for another

71
Q

Sympathy is untherapeutic, why?

A

Because you’ll let the emotions of your PT’s get to you and you can’t help someone else if your own emotions aren’t in check

72
Q

Empathy is therapeutic, why?

A

Because you need to understand how your PT feels in order to properly care for and monitor them

73
Q

Who discovered the relevance of therapeutic communication?

A

Florence Nightingale

74
Q

Professional and Goal-Directed Communication =

A

Therapeutic Communication

75
Q

Therapeutic communication benefits:

A

Makes the PT feel safe and protected, being more satisfied with the care, increased recovery rates, and improved adherence to treatment

76
Q

Therapeutic technique examples:

A

Silence, Summarizing, Reflecting, Active listening, Making observations, Focusing, Offering self, Open-ended questions, Clarification, Eye contact, Offering hope, etc.

77
Q

Non-therapeutic communication is-

A

Communication that doesn’t make the PT feel comfortable, takes the spotlight away from the PT and how they feel, or cuts the PT off and doesn’t allow them to give their proper imput

78
Q

Occurs before any problem manifests and seeks to reduce the incidence/rate of new cases. May prevent/delay the onset of symptoms in genetically or otherwise predisposed people =

A

Primary Prevention

79
Q

Aimed at lowering the prevalence of psychiatric disorders. Problem screening, and prompt + effective treatment

(To simplify, you’re just trying to figure out if you have something to get treatment for it as soon as possible if so) =

A

Secondary Prevention

80
Q

Treatment of disease with a focus on preventing the progression to a severe course, disability, or death. An example is rehabilitation =

A

Tertiary Prevention

81
Q

Stages of grief and loss =

A

Anger, Denial, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance

82
Q

Elopement =

A

Leaving the hospital whenever doing so can cause harm to either yourself or others

83
Q

Tarasoff Law =

A

If a PT is being discharged and they say “Imma kill old Billy Boe who lives on down the street from me.”, you are required to warn Billy Boe about the potential attacker and also take other precautions

84
Q

ACT stands for-

A

Assertive Community Treatment

85
Q

What does an ACT Team do?

A

They provide services by providing 24/7 care to people with severe mental illnesses in their own home/community

86
Q

What are the phases of a process recording?

A

Pre-Orientation
Orientation
Working Phase
Termination Phase

(POWT)

87
Q

Preparing for assignment =

A

Pre-Orientation

88
Q

Initial interview. PT begins to express feelings =

A

Orientation

89
Q

Nurse + PT identify and explore areas that are causing problems in the PT’s life =

A

Working Phase

90
Q

Final, integral phase. Ending treatment after goals are accomplished =

A

Termination Phase

91
Q

Can we survive without defense mechanisms?

A

No

92
Q

Ward off anxiety by preventing conscious awareness of threatening feelings =

A

Defense Mechanisms

93
Q

What makes a defense mechanism?

A

The Ego

94
Q

What are the 2 common features that all defensive mechanisms share?

A

They operate on an unconscious level

They deny, falsify, or distort reality to make it seem less threatening

95
Q

Milieu therapy =

A

Creating a comfortable and safe environment

96
Q

Adaptive defense mechanism help you in the-

A

Long-term

97
Q

Maladaptive defense mechanisms help in-

A

The short-term, but becomes a problem in the long-term

98
Q

AIMS stands for-

A

Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale

99
Q

Used to detect and scale tardive dyskinesia levels + monitoring the effects of certain long-term treatment over time =

A

AIMS

100
Q

Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) =

A

A nervous issue problem caused by long-term use of some psychiatric drugs

101
Q

The AIMS ranges from -

A

Zero (no dyskinesia) to Four (severe, maximal amplitude, and persistence during observation or abnormal movements)

Mental Health Exam 1 Flashcards (6 decks)

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