Worksheet 1 Vocabulary Flashcards
affricate
consonants that begin as stops but release as a fricative (ch, j)
allophone
two or more variants of the same phoneme (a phonetic variant)
corner vowel
“point vowels”
the vowels at the extremes of the vowel quadrilateral
gliding
phonological process, child substitutes /w/ or /j/ for /r/ or /l/
manner of articulation
configuration of articulators to control amount of air coming out and how the configuration changes to change production (e.g., stop fricative, affricate, nasal)
minimal pair
a pair of words that differ in only one phonological element (e.g., place, manner, or voicing)
obstruent
consonant that involves a complete or narrow constriction of airflow in the oral cavity (e.g., stop-plosives, fricatives, affricates)
place of articulation
point of contact in mouth of location of obstruction (e.g., bilabial, labiodental, interdental, etc.)
phoneme
smallest unit of sound used to form meaningful units
phonological process
patterns of errors in children’s speech that affect syllable structures or sound classes (e.g., final consonant deletion, stopping)
sibilant
fricatives and affricates; created by the tongue on/behind teeth with airflow; “hissing noise”
source-filter theory
2 part process describing speech production
Part 1: creation of sound source (voice and/or noise) for speech
Part 2: shaping of the sound source through configuration of the vocal tract by the articulators
stimulable
a vowel/consonant can be produced in isolation after direct modeling/through imitation
stop sound
consonant where airflow is blocked to stop sound
tongue thrust
tongue protrudes through the anterior incisors during swallowing, speech, and at rest (common in infants, disappears around 6 mo) (can outgrow by 4, otherwise can cause malformations of the face/mouth)
