Workshop Revision

Question 1

Lungs

Answer 1

1kg average sized adult
- 4-6L volume (basketball)

Question 2

Nouse, mouth, trachea and primary bronchi function

Answer 2

• Warm, humidify and filters air
  
  • Converting it from ambient temperature, pressure and saturation (ATPS) to body temperature, pressure and saturation (BTPS) ambient to body temperature

Question 3

Dalton’s Law

Answer 3

partial pressure = % concentration x total pressure of gas mixture

Question 4

How TF do lungs expand

Answer 4

• Adhere to chest wall following movement of chest
  Any change in thoracic cavity volume = change in lung volume

Question 5

Diaphragm

Answer 5

• Large dome shaped sheet of striated Musculo-fibrous tissue
  
  • Airtight separation between abdominal and thoracic cavities
    Contracts and flattens/moves down into abdominal cavity (moves 10cm)

Question 6

Inspiration

Answer 6

Diaphragm contracts, flattens and moves down (10cm)
- Increased volume, decreased intrapulmonic pressure

Question 7

Expiration

Answer 7

Diaphragm compression - ribs down
- Decreased volume = increased pressure

Question 8

Inspiration During Exercise

Answer 8

• increased thorax
• decreased thoracic pressure
• lifted ribs

Question 9

Muscles used during inspiration in exercise

Answer 9

1. diaphragm and external intercostals
2. accessory muscles such as pec minor, serratus anterior, scaleni muscles and sternocleidomastoid

Question 10

Expiration During Exercise

Answer 10

• diaphragm moves up
• ribs lower down

Question 11

Muscles used during expiration in exercise

Answer 11

• abdominal muscles (contract and increase intra-abdominal pressure forcing diaphragm up)
• internal intercostals (lower ribs and reduces thoracic dimensions)

Question 12

Anatomical Dead Space %

Answer 12

fills up 30% of tidal volume at rest

Question 13

Why is PO2 in trachea different than in alveoli

Answer 13

Due to alveolar air where
- CO2 enters alveoli from venous blood
- O2 continualy enters alveoli from breath