World Climates Flashcards Preview

JC Geography > World Climates > Flashcards

Flashcards in World Climates Deck (22)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Name the hot climates

A

Desert, Savanna, Equatorial

2
Q

Name the temperate climates

A

Cool temperate, warm temperate

3
Q

Describe how a cactus has adapted in the desert

A

Thick bark to prevent loss of moisture
Roots spread over long distances
Stores water inside of it
Needles protect it from animals

4
Q

Name the cold climates

A

Boreal, Tundra

5
Q

Name the desert that is beside the Sahel

A

Sahara

6
Q

Name 2 causes of desertification

A

Climate change and human factors

7
Q

Name 3 solutions to desertification

A

Introducing new animal breeds
Planting more trees to bind the sand and create shelter
Dig deeper wells to find water

8
Q

Explain conditions in a warm temperate climate

A

Summers are hot and dry
About 30 degrees in summer
Winters are mild and moist (400/700ml of rain)
About 6 degrees in winter

9
Q

Explain conditions in a cool temperate climate

A

Warm summers
Mild winters
Rain throughout the year but most in winter
Weather is cloudy and changeable

10
Q

Explain conditions in a boreal climate

A

Summers are short (10-15 degrees)
Winters are very cold (-25 degrees)
Low precipitation 400mm
Natural vegetation is taiga forest

11
Q

Explain conditions in a tundra climate

A

Summers are short and cool (rarely over 15 degrees)
Winters are long and cold (-35 degrees)
Large temperature range
Not a lot of precipitation ( 250 mm a year) snow
Little vegetation
Animals migrate in winter

12
Q

Give ways in which the camel has adapted to the desert

A

Thick and wide hooves for walking in the sand
Store fat in their humps when food is scarce
Long eyelashes to protect eyes from sand
Thick skin on their legs so they can kneel in hot sand

13
Q

Explain conditions in a boreal climate

A

Summers are short (10-15 degrees)
Winters are very cold (-25 degrees)
Low precipitation 400mm
Natural vegetation is taiga forest

14
Q

Explain conditions in a tundra climate

A

Summers are short and cool (rarely over 15 degrees)
Winters are long and cold (-35 degrees)
Large temperature range
Not a lot of precipitation ( 250 mm a year) snow
Little vegetation
Animals migrate in winter

15
Q

Give characteristics of the taiga forest tree

A
Evergreen coniferous forest
Needles prevent loss of moisture
Branches of tree slope down
Thick bark
Permafrost gathers
Shallow roots
16
Q

Explain conditions in an Equatorial climate

A

Hot all year round (28 degrees)
One season
Rain every afternoon (2000mm a year)
Jungle

17
Q

Explain conditions in a savanna climate

A

Hot all year round (30 degrees)
Two seasons (11:1)
Wet summers, dry winters
Scattered trees and grassland

18
Q

Explain conditions in a hot desert climate

A

Day :(30-50 degrees) Night: 5 degrees
Very little rain less than 100mm a year
Long droughts followed by sudden downpours

19
Q

Explain desertification

A

When deserts spread and turns land into desert. This happens when desert conditions are spread into the more fertile regions. Happens mostly around the edge of deserts. Ex. Sahel

20
Q

Explain the effects desertification had on the Sahel in terms of climate

A

Rainfall became unreliable
Temperatures rose because of global warming
Droughts have occurred and water holes do rivers have started to dry up

21
Q

Explain the effects human interference and desertification have had on the Sahel

A

People keeping large herds led to overgrazing of the land
Farmers crops fail with fertilisers because the soil is so dry
Trees and shrubs are cut down for heat and cooking. This speeds up soil erosion

22
Q

What were the results of desertification in the Sahel region

A

Hundreds of thousands and millions of animals and people have died as a result of famine

Millions were forced to migrate to find food and many live in refugee camps

Many people moved into urban areas which led to grow of slums

Vast areas cannot support agriculture

Towns and villages have been swallowed by sand