World History Ch. 5

Question 1

in Hinduism, the force generated by a person’s actions that determines how the person will be reborn in the next life

Answer 1

Karma

Question 2

Any one of the four classes understood by the ancient Vedic Aryans to compose the ideal social order

Answer 2

Varnas

Question 3

The rigid categories based on birth and occupation that identify and determine a person’s station in society

Answer 3

Caste System

Question 4

the major Indian religious system, which had its origins in the religious beliefs of the Aryans who settled in India after 1500 b.c.

Answer 4

Hinduism

Question 5

a method of training developed by the Hindus that is supposed to lead to oneness with Brahman

Answer 5

Yoga

Question 6

the rebirth of an individual’s soul in a different form after death

Answer 6

Recarnation

Question 7

in Hinduism, the complex concept of duty, law, and right conduct that establishes and sustains order and the world.

Answer 7

Dharma

Question 8

a religious doctrine introduced in northern India in the sixth century b.c. by Siddhārtha Gautama, known as the Buddha, or “Enlightened One”

Answer 8

Buddism

Question 9

in Buddhism, ultimate reality, the end of the self and a reunion with the Great World Soul

Answer 9

Nirvana

Question 10

a set of routes extending from the Mediterranean Sea to China along which silk was a major article of trade and exchange

Answer 10

Silk Road

Question 11

a person who travels to a shrine or other holy place

Answer 11

Pilgrim

Question 12

the earliest surviving Indian literature; contains hymns, stories, and charms that transmitted orally by specialists and only written down in modern times

Answer 12

Vedas

Question 13

Hindu teachings about what significantly influenced non-Aryans? (Lesson 1)

Answer 13

karma and reincarnation

Question 14

What are karma and dharma, and how do they relate to Hinduism?

Answer 14

Karma: action->consequence
Dharma: divine law you’re expected to follow
Hinduism has duties that its followers are required to carry out. If so, then one can be reborn into a higher existence.

Question 15

What are the four varnas?

Answer 15

Priests (Brahmins), warrior-administators (Kshatiryas), “folk”-farmers, artisans, etc. (vaisya), sudras (servants)

Question 16

a persons caste in indian society was determined by

Answer 16

birth

Question 17

brahma the creato, Vishnu the preserver, and shiva the destroyer were

Answer 17

the chief hindu gods

Question 18

Siddhartha Gautama came to be known as

Answer 18

the “Enlightened One”

Question 19

According to the Eightfold Path, right action requires followers of Buddhism to do what?

Answer 19

not kill, steal, lie, be unchaste, or consume alcohol or drugs.

Question 20

According to the Eightfold Path, right view requires Buddhists to

Answer 20

know the Four Noble Truths

Question 21

According to Siddhartha Gautama, a person can reach enlightenment through

Answer 21

Meditation

Question 22

Both Hindus and Buddhists

Answer 22

believe in reincarnation

Question 23

Buddhists differ from Hindus in that Buddhists believe

Answer 23

that all humans can reach nirvana as a result of their behavior in this life

Question 24

Siddhartha Gautama believed it was important for people to do what?

Answer 24

be responsible for their own lives

Question 25

In the Eightfold Path, right speech insists that Buddhists

Answer 25

speak the truth and speak well of others

Question 26

Siddhartha Gautama left his wife and family because he wanted to do what?

Answer 26

seek a cure for human suffering and find the meaning of life

Question 27

Asoka, the greatest ruler in Indian history used what ideals?

Answer 27

Used Buddhist ideals to guide his rule

Question 28

What Indian literary work is an epic that includes riddles about the meaning of life?

Answer 28

The Mahabharata

Question 29

From whom did the Kushans adapt their alphabet?

Answer 29

The Greeks

Question 30

What Indian civilization emerged as a classical civilization of lasting value?

Answer 30

The Guptas

Question 31

Structures built in the form of burial mounds to house a relic of the Buddha were called?

Answer 31

Stupas

Question 32

Under the reign of _____, India became a major crossroads in a trade network that extended from the rim of the Pacific to Southwest Asia and the Mediterranean Sea.

Answer 32

Asoka

Question 33

Located between the influential cultures, the Kushan Empire was shaped by contact with China, Persia and __________

Answer 33

The Roman Empire

Question 34

Which of the following religions that originated in Persia, was practiced in the Kushan Empire?

Answer 34

Zoroastrianism

Question 35

What key lesson of Indian society does the Bhagavad Gita contain?

Answer 35

In taking action, one must not worry about failure or success

Question 36

After the Arabs conquered large parts of India in the eighth century A.D., they...

Answer 36

adopted the Indian numeric system.