World History Semester 1 Exam

Question 1

New inventions in the textile industry made it necessary to change from the domestic system to producing cloth in _____?

Answer 1

factories

Question 2

The belief that individuals should own the factors of production rather than the government is known as_____?

Answer 2

capitalism

Question 3

The belief that society as a group rather than individuals should own and operate farms and businesses is the basic meaning of ____?

Answer 3

socialism

Question 4

The philosopher who thought that history was a struggle between classes was ____?

Answer 4

karl marx

Question 5

The working class is known as the ____?

Answer 5

proletariat

Question 6

A form of socialism that focuses on ending class struggle is called ____?

Answer 6

communism

Question 7

What were the causes of the Industrial Revolution starting in Great Britain?

Answer 7

Resources, stable government, markets, and technological advances

Question 8

During the Agricultural Revolution in the 1700s, wealthy landowners increased food production by ____?

Answer 8

practicing enclosure

Question 9

During the 19th century, why did the use of child labor increase?

Answer 9

the development of the factory system

Question 10

Why did labor unions rise during the Industrial Revolution ?

Answer 10

working conditions in factories were horrible

Question 11

The French term laissez-faire refers to a belief that ____?

Answer 11

government shouldnt regulate buissness at all

Question 12

By 1900, what were the world’s 2 leading industrial nations?

Answer 12

u.s and germany

Question 13

What was a direct result of the discovery that germs caused disease?

Answer 13

Improved sanitation

Question 14

Darwin challenged traditional beliefs by asserting that____?

Answer 14

all forms of life evolved over millions of years

Question 15

The idea that the fittest would always beat out their competitors, whether in war or industry, is known as ____?

Answer 15

social darwinsim

Question 16

Cars and airplanes are common means of travel today because of what advances in the Industrial Age?

Answer 16

Ford’s mass production of cars, the internal combustion engine, and the knowledge of the Wright brothers in aerodynamics

Question 17

The process of heating liquids to kill bacteria and prevent fermentation is called ____?

Answer 17

pausterization

Question 18

Increased coal mining, development of the Bessemer process, and development of the light bulb were all factors contributing to the rise of what?

Answer 18

industrialization

Question 19

Standardization of parts and the moving assembly line led to mass production of affordable cars. How did that change the physical landscape of the U.S.?

Answer 19

roads were built to accomadate traffic

Question 20

The right to vote is also called ____?

Answer 20

sufferage

Question 21

In cities of the nineteenth-century, where did the poor live?

Answer 21

in tenements near factories

Question 22

The campaign to limit the use of alcoholic beverages was called the ____?

Answer 22

temperance movement

Question 23

Using a political office to gain personal advantage by illegally obtaining money or property is known as ____?

Answer 23

graft

Question 24

Congress passed a law to decrease the number of Chinese immigrants because ____?

Answer 24

Depression in the 1870s which led to unemployment, and Americans thought the Chinese were barbaric

Question 25

What were the results of public education?

Answer 25

Increased literacy, newspaper sales, & respect for journalism

Question 26

What methods did political machines of the 19th century use to get votes?

Answer 26

Threaten/use violence, promise city services, and pay gambling debts

Question 27

The late 19th century United States is often referred to as "The Gilded Age" because of the ____?

Answer 27

Underlying poverty and corruption that were present despite the appearance of great wealth and prosperity

Question 28

How did new waves of immigration in the U.S. during the late 19th and early 20th centuries affect factories?

Answer 28

Abundance of cheap labor kept factory costs low

Question 29

During the Industrial Revolution, how did the economic hardships of immigrants influence social reform?

Answer 29

settlement houses were provided to provide services to the poor

Question 30

Why did many people move to cities in the early 1900s?

Answer 30

employment oppurtunities

Question 31

Why was the population boom at the turn of the twentieth century important to American industrialization?

Answer 31

It provided a larger labor force and consumer market

Question 32

The canal that helped shorten the distance between Great Britain and India was the ____?

Answer 32

suez canal

Question 33

The domination of a powerful nation over the political, economic, and cultural affairs of another nation or region is called ____?

Answer 33

imperalism

Question 34

How did the Industrial Revolution encourage imperialism?

Answer 34

created needs for raw material and markets

Question 35

What were results of the Sepoy Rebellion?

Answer 35

Britain began to rule India directly, Indian nationalist movements increased, hostilities and cultural exchange increased

Question 36

Ethiopia was able to resist the Europeans because ____?

Answer 36

they had modern weapons and a good army

Question 37

The Sepoy Rebellion was mainly caused by ____?

Answer 37

british insensitivity to indian customs

Question 38

Why was imperialism by Western countries successful?

Answer 38

They had technology for transportation, superior weapons, and medicine

Question 39

What were the 4 main causes of imperialism?

Answer 39

Nationalism, new opportunities, humanitarian goals, and Industrial Revolution

Question 40

What country other than Ethiopia remained independent even after the other 90% of Africa was claimed by Europe?

Answer 40

liberia

Question 41

The canal that links the Caribbean Sea with the Pacific Ocean is the ____?

Answer 41

panama canal

Question 42

What major incident occurred that led the U.S. to start the Spanish-American War in 1898?

Answer 42

the u.s.s maine exploded

Question 43

Great Britain began trading opium for tea in China because ____?

Answer 43

the Spanish silver market was closed to them during the American Revolution

Question 44

What did Japan do following Commodore Perry's visit to it?

Answer 44

opened ports to american trade

Question 45

Japan became an imperialist power when it gained control of ____?

Answer 45

korea

Question 46

The Russo-Japanese War began because____?

Answer 46

japan and russia wanted manchuria

Question 47

Siam remained independent by ____?

Answer 47

became a buffer state in between british and french colonies

Question 48

One reason the U.S. did not do much to keep European powers out of the Western Hemisphere between 1865 to 1876 was due to focusing on ____?

Answer 48

reconstruction

Question 49

Commodore Perry's mission to open Japan to trade was a difficult challenge because ____?

Answer 49

it had been closed for 200 years

Question 50

Assimilation was a harmful effect of imperialism because ____?

Answer 50

native people were losing traditions and culture

Question 51

The U.S. began building the Panama Canal because it realized ____?

Answer 51

it needed a shorter sea route in between its pacific and atlantic coasts

Question 52

Imperialism was in some ways beneficial because

Answer 52

railroads, bridges, and roads were built

Question 53

What was the Roosevelt Corollary?

Answer 53

An addition to the Monroe Doctrine to protect Latin America, made by Teddy Roosevelt, putting force behind the doctrine

Question 54

What role did newspapers play at the time of the Spanish-American War?

Answer 54

influence government policies

Question 55

How did U.S. imperialists justify the U.S. occupation of the Philippines?

Answer 55

it would result in an expansion of democracy

Question 56

Industrialization eventually led to the need for coaling stations for ships. What would the U.S. need to do to get coaling stations?

Answer 56

accquire territories

Question 57

What country did France gain control of that is today Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia?

Answer 57

indochina

Question 58

The four main causes of World War I were ____?

Answer 58

nationalism, imperalism, mitirialism, and alliances

Question 59

The Central Powers in WWI consisted of ____?

Answer 59

Germany, Ottoman Empire, and Austria-Hungary

Question 60

The Allied Powers in WWI consisted of ____?

Answer 60

britian, france, russia

Question 61

The area/region of Europe that was so potentially explosive before WWI was known as the

Answer 61

balkan powder keg

Question 62

The spark that ignited World War I was the assassination of Archduke ____?

Answer 62

ferdinand

Question 63

To organize a nation's resources for combat; to move troops and equipment is to ____?

Answer 63

mobilize

Question 64

Austria-Hungary's first reaction to the murder of the archduke was to ____?

Answer 64

issue an ultimatum to serbia

Question 65

The czar in Russia in 1914 was named ____?

Answer 65

nicholas II

Question 66

Germany invaded France in WWI using the ____?

Answer 66

schleiffen plan

Question 67

The first country to declare war in 1914 was ____?

Answer 67

austria-hungary

Question 68

The system of alliances that existed prior to World War I was dangerous because ____?

Answer 68

if any two nations go to war, all the others do too

Question 69

Germany wanted to march through Belgium in WWI because ____?

Answer 69

They needed to avoid hilly and forested terrain on the French border

Question 70

Ideas, facts or rumors spread deliberately to further one's cause or damage an opposing cause are known as ____?

Answer 70

propaganda

Question 71

The incident that finally pushed the U.S. "over the edge" so that it soon declared war on Germany was the ____?

Answer 71

zimmermann telegram

Question 73

The years during which WWI was fought are ____?

Answer 73

1914-1918

Question 74

The effect of the 1916 Russian offensives was to ____?

Answer 74

enable the fench to win the battle of verdun

Question 75

An armed conflict characterized by the mobilization of all of a nation's resources, industry, and population is called a ____?

Answer 75

total war

Question 76

The main reason that WWI quickly became a war of attrition was because ____?

Answer 76

Machine gun "mowed down" soldiers when exiting trenches.

Question 77

The use of the machine gun during WWI changed the nature of war because ____?

Answer 77

it led to the development of new fighting tactics and strategies

Question 78

Even after the Russians lost so much in 1915, they agreed to go on the offensive in 1916 because ____?

Answer 78

Allies promised them control over Constantinople, the Dardanelles Strait and Bosporus Strait

Question 79

What country sent the Zimmermann Telegram?

Answer 79

germany

Question 80

What country was meant to receive the Zimmermann Telegram?

Answer 80

mexico

Question 81

What did the Zimmermann Telegram say?

Answer 81

mexico would join part of u.s if they joined germany

Question 82

Who intercepted the Zimmerman Telegram?

Answer 82

british military intellegence

Question 83

The leader of the Bolsheviks was ____?

Answer 83

lenin

Question 84

After the Bolsheviks seized control of the Russian government in 1917, they renamed themselves the ____?

Answer 84

communists

Question 85

One cause of the March 1917 revolution in Russia was ____?

Answer 85

food shortages

Question 86

The peace agreement established at the end of WWI was called the Treaty of ____?

Answer 86

versailles

Question 87

The peacekeeping organization established after WWI was the ____?

Answer 87

league of nations

Question 88

The genocide/holocaust of WWI occurred when the ___?

Answer 88

ottoman turks killed armenians

Question 89

What man wanted to create the League of Nations for everlasting peace?

Answer 89

president woodrow wilson