World History Test 1 Flashcards
(82 cards)
1
Q
1 System of writing used in ancient Egypt
A
(Hieroglyphics)
2
Q
2 Belief in multiple gods
A
(Polytheism)
3
Q
3 Pyramids in Mesopotamia
A
(Ziggurats)
4
Q
4 Create a set of laws such as “an eye for an eye”
A
(Hammurabi’s Code)
5
Q
5 This river had an Upper, Middle, Lower region
A
(Nile River)
6
Q
6 Used as paper in ancient Egypt
A
(Papyrus)
7
Q
7 Built as a burial site for Egyptian rulers
A
(Pyramids)
8
Q
8 The area between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
A
(Fertile Crescent)
9
Q
9 One of the major civilizations of the Indus Valley
A
(Harappa)
10
Q
10 A government system based on religion
A
(Theocracy)
11
Q
A city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state
A
(City-state)
12
Q
Process of preserving a body
A
(Mummification)
13
Q
When a ruler is passed down by birth
A
(Primogeniture)
14
Q
The Indus River Valley had well-
A
(Planned Cities)
15
Q
A mineral used in Chinese jewelry
A
(Jade)
16
Q
Individuals have specialized jobs/roles in society
A
(Division of Labor)
17
Q
One of the major rivers in China
A
(Yellow River)
18
Q
The ruler of Egypt
A
(Pharaoh)
19
Q
Mesopotamia was one of the first
A
civilization
20
Q
egypt will be one of the first
A
civilization
21
Q
Egypt will be one of the first
A
empires, unity, stability and cultural continuity
22
Q
Egypt is in
A
africa
23
Q
The Nile River is the
A
most important resource of egypt
24
Q
The Nile river is used for
A
transportation, irrigation, defense, agriculture.
25
The Nile is the longest river in the world at
4,100 miles long
26
What is the most important resource in Egypt?
The Nile River.
27
Name four uses of the Nile River in ancient Egypt.
Transportation, irrigation, defense, agriculture.
28
How long is the Nile River?
4,100 miles long.
29
What did the yearly flooding of the Nile bring to Egypt?
Rich soil, which was left behind as the water receded.
30
How did the Egyptians view the Nile River in terms of religion?
They worshipped the Nile as a god.
30
How did the flooding of the Nile differ from that of Mesopotamia?
The Nile flooded predictably each year, unlike the unpredictable floods of Mesopotamia.
31
In what unique direction does the Nile River flow?
The Nile River flows north.
32
What surrounds the Nile Valley?
Sun-parched desert.
33
What were the three disadvantages of the Nile River's flooding?
1. Less flooding led to starvation. 2. Excess flooding destroyed homes and property. 3. The desert limited habitable land.
34
What geographical divisions existed in ancient Egypt?
Upper and Lower Egypt.
35
What region south of Egypt was rich in gold and under Egypt's control?
Nubia.
36
Who united Upper and Lower Egypt into one empire in 3000 BC?
King Narmer.
37
What artifact depicts Narmer's unification of Egypt?
The Narmer Palette.
38
What other name is Narmer sometimes known by?
The Scorpion King.
39
What significant achievement is Narmer credited with in ancient Egyptian history?
He created the first Egyptian dynasty.
40
How many dynasties did ancient Egypt have, and over how many years did they span?
31 dynasties over 2,600 years.
41
What period is known as the "Old Kingdom" or "Age of Pyramids"?
2660-2180 B.C.
42
What significant developments occurred during the Old Kingdom?
Many patterns for Egyptian civilization were established.
43
When were most of the pyramids in Egypt built?
During the Old Kingdom period.
43
Which pharaoh built the Step Pyramid?
Djoser.
44
What is a pyramid in ancient Egyptian architecture?
An immense stone structure often built as a tomb.
45
Which pharaoh built the Bent Pyramid?
Snefru.
46
Which other pyramid did Snefru build?
The Red Pyramid.
47
Who built the first of the Great Pyramids at Giza?
Khufu.
48
How did Egyptian pharaohs rule?
Pharaohs ruled absolutely.
49
What roles did pharaohs play in Egyptian society?
Pharaohs were central to culture, government, and religion.
50
What type of government was established in ancient Egypt based on religious authority?
A theocracy.
51
What does polytheistic mean?
Belief in many gods.
52
Who were three important deities in ancient Egypt?
Re (sun god), Osiris (god of the dead), and Isis (goddess of the ideal mother and wife).
53
What was the ancient Egyptian belief about the afterlife?
Egyptians believed in the afterlife and built burial chambers and tombs.
54
What is mummification?
The embalming and drying of corpses to prevent decay.
55
How did Egyptians write their texts?
Using hieroglyphics or carvings of symbols and pictographs.
56
What did Egyptian symbols represent in their writing system?
Symbols stood for ideas instead of words.
57
What writing surface did Egyptians invent?
Papyrus.
58
What significant achievement did the Egyptians accomplish in history?
They built one of the first truly unique united empires on the planet.
59
What were some key features of the Shang capital city at Anyang?
The city had a palace, temple, houses, workshops, and royal tombs with treasures.
60
How was the Shang government structured?
Led by a powerful king with smaller kingdoms governed by relatives.
61
What was the role of bronze in Shang military power?
Strengthened armies with weapons and tools, crucial for military dominance.
62
What were the six social classes in Shang society?
King and relatives, nobles, artisans, traders, farmers, enslaved people.
63
What were the roles and lifestyles of Shang artisans?
Artisans created weapons and ceremonial objects and had higher status than farmers.
64
What was the status of farmers in Shang society?
Farmers were the largest class, worked the land, and gave most produce to nobles.
65
What were the roles and status of enslaved people in Shang society?
Enslaved people were at the bottom, building tombs and palaces, and sometimes sacrificed.
66
What was the focus of Shang religion?
Ancestor worship with offerings and human sacrifices.
66
How did the Shang use oracle bones in their religious practices?
To seek advice by interpreting cracks formed by heating and inscribing messages.
67
What are some characteristics of Shang writing?
Included pictographs and logographs; some characters combined to form new meanings.
68
How did written language benefit the Shang Dynasty?
Helped unify the Chinese people and advance sciences.
69
What types of designs were common in Shang bronze art?
Geometric designs and mythical creatures, including taotie masks.
70
What does the taotie mask typically depict?
Features like the horns of an ox, ears of an elephant, or the eye of a man.
71
What materials did Shang artisans use for art, and their symbolic qualities?
Bronze (for durability) and jade (symbolizing wisdom and kindness).
72
Why was bronze technology important to the Shang Dynasty?
Crucial for making tools of war and maintaining power.
73
What factors contributed to the decline of the Shang Dynasty?
Warfare, extravagant spending, and possible corruption.
74
How did the Shang Dynasty end?
How did the Shang Dynasty end?
75
How did the Shang Dynasty end?
Overthrown by the Zhou Dynasty around 1045 B.C.E. Legend says the last Shang king fled and threw himself into flames.
76
What was the role of cowrie shells in Shang society?
Used as money and valued for their rarity.
77
What is the time period referred to as "prehistory"?
The time before the invention of writing.
78
What are artifacts?
Human-made objects like tools and jewelry.
79
What challenges does prehistory pose for scientists?
Lack of written records leaves more questions than answers.
