World History Test Chapters 24-25 Flashcards
(113 cards)
1
Q
to have the freedom from something or freedom to do something
A
Liberalism
2
Q
frees man from God’s morals & standards
A
Modern Liberalism
3
Q
The Results of Liberalism:
A
- Increased government control
- Potential for socialism & communism
- False philosophies spread
4
Q
preserving (conserving) traditional Western & Judeo-Christian principles & morals
A
Conservatism
5
Q
The most powerful conservative force through the ages:
A
The Bible
6
Q
nothing can be known except for observable science
A
Positivism
7
Q
Who created Positivism?
A
Auguste Comte
8
Q
the science of human society
A
Sociology
9
Q
the study of the mind
A
Psychology
10
Q
promoted psychoanalysis as a part of psychology
A
Sigmund Freud
11
Q
viewing man as an animal that can be “trained” or “conditioned”
A
Behavioral Psychology
12
Q
Who created Behavioral Psychology?
A
Ivan Pavlov & B.F. Skinner
13
Q
an idea or action that should be judged solely by the results
A
Pragmatism
14
Q
the “anti-philosophy”; No truth or reality & no purpose in the life that humans live
A
Existentialism
15
Q
Who promoted Existentialism?
A
Soren Kierkegaard & Friedrich Nietzche
16
Q
applying liberal philosophy & pseudoscience to education
A
Progressive Education
17
Q
Who created Progressive Education
A
John Dewey
18
Q
emphasized social improvement over spiritual change
A
Social Gospel
19
Q
“The Prophet of the Social Gospel”
A
Walter Rauschenbusch
20
Q
a union of all spiritual regardless of doctrinal differences
A
Ecumenism
21
Q
Christians who remained faithful to God’s Word
A
Fundamentalists
22
Q
“Prince of Expositors”
A
G. Campbell Morgan
23
Q
archaeologist in the Middle East, who defended the faith
A
Sir William Ramsey
24
Q
wrote “My Utmost for His Highest”
A
Oswald Chambers
25
conducted evangelistic campaigns for 70 years
Rodney (“Gipsy”) Smith
26
"Apostle to the Skeptics”
R.A. Torrey
27
converted baseball star who led thousands to Christ
Billy Sunday
28
a prominent art form which captured moments received by the physical senses
Impressionism
29
known for the art style of cubism
Picasso
30
“art for art’s sake”
Abstract art
31
wrote & illustrated the Tale of Peter Rabbit
Beatrix Potter
32
warmly illustrated scenes of American life
Norman Rockwell
33
wrote in support of Joseph Stalin
H.G. Wells
34
wrote The Jungle about the meat-packing industry in Chicago
Upton Sinclair
35
wrote The Hobbit & The Lord of the Rings
J.R.R. Tolkien
36
wrote Animal Farm & 1984
George Orwell
37
wrote The Chronicles of Narnia & The Screwtape Letters
C.S. Lewis
38
wrote “Ash Wednesday” & “Journey of the Magi”
T.S. Eliot
39
the leading financial & industrial nation in the 1920s
America
40
investments or shares in an industrial or commercial company
Stock
41
risky investments for the chance of making a quick profit
Speculation
42
When did the Stock Market crash?
October 29, 1929; "Black Tuesday"
43
Who was to blame for WWI?
Germany
44
a form of socialism that is similar to Communism; it exercises totalitarian control of political, economic, cultural, religious, and social activities, and it follows Darwinian ideas in its attempts to change society and bring in a new social order
Fascism
45
Dictator of Italy:
Benito Mussolini
46
a form of socialism, but it relies more heavily on terrorist aggression, fanatical racism, and antidemocratic nationalism
Nazism
47
Dictator of Germany:
Adolf Hitler
48
a form of socialism that promotes violent overthrow of government to change society; usually results in a dictator that controls the people
Communism
49
Dictator of Russia:
Joseph Stalin
50
relies upon a military solution to economic and social problems
Militarism
51
Dictator of Japan:
General Hideki Tojo
52
Hitler’s biography; described his racist, humanistic philosophy
Mein Kampf ("My Struggle")
53
Germany’s chief legislative body
Reichstag
54
Hitler’s title
Der Fuhrer
55
the name of Hitler’s reign
Third Reich
56
the systematic murder of 6 million Jews & other inferior races to eradicate them
Holocaust
57
leader of Militaristic Japan
General Hideki Tojo
58
official head of the Japanese government (but power rested on the military generals)
Emperor Hirohito
59
leader of Nationalist forces of China
Chiang Kai-Shek
60
leader of the Communist forces of China
Mao Tse-Tung
61
American general who led the “Flying Tigers”
Claire Chennault
62
Proved to be a “testing ground” for German & Communist weapons
Spain
63
the union between Japan, Germany, Italy
Axis Powers
64
Prime Minister of England who negotiated the Munich Pact with Hitler; “peace in our times” (through appeasement)
Neville Chamberlain
65
Nazi fortifications built to oppose the French Maginot Line
Siegfried
66
The invasion of ______ began WWII
Poland
67
Hitler’s _______ bombers & ______ tanks conquered Poland in 4 weeks
Stuka; Panzer
68
The German ______ battle technique overwhelmed Europe
blitzkrieg
69
after Poland, there were no battles for 7 months until Germany conquered Denmark and Norway
Sitzkrieg
70
traitor installed as the head of the nazi government in Norway
Vidkin Quisling
71
The German army overwhelmed the Allies in France & pushed them back to _______.
Dunkirk
72
led the French resistance against Germany
Charles de Gaulle
73
new Prime Minister of England after Neville Chamberlain resigned; the 20th Century’s greatest statesmen
Winston Churchill
74
German warships designed after the Treaty of Versailles
"Pocket Battleships"
75
When did Hitler invade Russia?
1941
76
adopted the important “cash and carry” principle for dealing with warring nations
Neutrality Act of 1937
77
Congress allowed FDR to trade,loan, or lease war materials with the Allied nations
Lend-Lease Act
78
The American gunboat called the ______ was sunk on the Yangtze River
Panay
79
When did Japan attack Pearl Harbor?
December 7, 1941
80
What were the Failures of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?
1. U.S. aircraft carriers were at sea during the raid so they escaped harm
2. Repair facilities and fuel reserves were not destroyed by the raid
3. The attack united the American people as nothing had before
81
American general who became commander of all Allied forces in Europe
Dwight Eisenhower
82
Allied offensive to retake North Africa
Operation Torch
83
led the Allies from North Africa & invaded Italy
George Patton
84
second generation; Japanese-American soldiers
Nisei
85
last major German offensive in the East
Stalingrad
86
the Allies invaded Normandy, France to retake Europe from the Nazis
D-Day
87
the last Nazi offensive in the West; Allied line did not break
Battle of the Bulge
88
When did Berlin surrender?
May 2, 1945
89
When did Germany surrender?
May 8, 1945
90
was sent to the Philippines to prepare them for defense against Japan
General Douglass MacArthur
91
What did General MacArthur say to the soldier of the Philippines before he retreated?
"I shall return."
92
march of Japanese prisoners of war to a prison camp in Bataan; thousands were murdered
Bataan Death March
93
What was the last land route to China that Japan sought to cut off?
Burma Road
94
led the 1st air raids on the islands of Japan
Jimmy Doolittle
95
first naval battle where naval ships never saw each other
Battle of Coral Sea
96
the turning point of the war in the Pacific
Battle of Midway
97
a technique through which the U.S. land forces strategically assaulted & liberated important Pacific islands from Japan
"Island-hopping"
98
commander-in-chief of U.S. Pacific fleet
Admiral Chester Nimitz
99
keystone of Japanese Defense
Saipan
100
General MacArthur returned to the Philippines after what Battle?
Battle of Leyte Gulf
101
Strategic island for America to attack Japan from
Iwo Jima
102
Japanese suicide pilots who launched attacks on American ships
Kamikazes
103
Who was the next president after FDR passed away?
Harry S. Truman
104
called for unconditional Japanese surrender
Potsdam Declaration
105
During the 1940s, a U.S. research team developed the atomic bomb
Manhattan Project
106
What 2 cities did America drop the atomic bomb?
Nagasaki & Hiroshima
107
When did America drop the atomic bomb on Hiroshima & Nagasaki?
September 2, 1945
108
Most famous concentration camp:
Auschwitz
109
By the end of the war, _______ Jewish people were murdered by the Nazis
6 million
110
Nazi war criminals were tried & punished at Nuremberg from 1945-1949
Nuremberg Trials
111
a meeting to discuss the fate of free nations & a post-war peace organization
Tehran
112
1st permanent world peace organizations
UN (United Nations)
113
met to discuss the fate (splitting up) of Germany
Potsdam
