World of Metabolism

Question 1

Metabolites

Answer 1

Intermediates and products of metabolism (small molecules and biochemicals)

Question 2

Primary metabolite

Answer 2

Directly involved in normal growth development and reproduction

Question 2

Functions of Metabolites

Answer 2

fuel
structure
signalling
regulatory effects on enzymes
defence
interactions with other organisms

Question 2

Secondary metabolite

Answer 2

Not directly involved in growth development and reproduction but usually has an important function
eg the antibiotics that microbes produce

Question 3

metabolites not synthesised in the human body

Answer 3

When humans interact with their enviornment they consume metabolites
- Food (catabolic and anabolic)
- Drugs (Phase I and II metabolism)
- Environmental pollutants
- microbes on our skin and in our intestines have a different genome
known as exogenous metabolites which are metabolised after they enter the body

Question 4

Glycolysis pathway

Answer 4

Glucose - (ATP -ADP) - Glucose 6 phosphate - fructose 6 phosphate - (ATP-ADP) - fructose 1,6 biphosphate - Glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate - 1,3 Bisphosphoglycerate - (ADP-ATP) - 3 phosphoglycerate - 2- phosphoglycerate - phosphoenolpyruvate - (ADP-ATP) - Pyruvate

Question 4

Hexokinase function

Answer 4

attaches a phosphate group to a metabolite

Question 5

5 types of metabolism

Answer 5

Amino acid metabolism
nucleotide metabolism
carbohydrate metabolism
lipid metabolism
energy metabolism

Question 6

Metabolic regulation

Answer 6

all mammalian metabolism is regulate to maintain the brain

Question 7

Homeostasis

Answer 7

Maintenance of a constant internal environment

Question 8

Normal glucose levels

Answer 8

70-110 mg/dl