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American History > World War 2 > Flashcards

World War 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What book did Adolf Hitler write

A

Mein Kampf (My Struggle)

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2
Q

How did dictators who claimed absolute power rule

A

They ruled their people by force

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3
Q

Who was the first dictator to rise to power in postwar europe

A

Benito Mussolini

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4
Q

What is Fascism

A

A dictatorial government that stresses greatness of a race or nation

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5
Q

Once in charge what did Mussolini do

A

He would quickly outlaw rival political parties and ended democratic rule in italy

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6
Q

The great depression hit who specifically hard by having businesses fail and millions of people be unemployed

A

Germany

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7
Q

What did many germans resent

A

That their country had to take all the blame for WW1

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8
Q

What party would hitler lead

A

the national socialist workers part, NAZI for short

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9
Q

What is antisemitism

A

the hatred of Jewish people

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10
Q

Hitler turned Germany into a totalitarian state, what is that

A

meaning that leaders would crush all opposition to them and would totally control all aspects of society

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11
Q

Who rose to power as the communist leader of the soviet union

A

Josph stalin

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12
Q

What did he do

A

He would kill rivals and sent millions of people he thought were disloyal to his own labor camps called the gulag

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13
Q

Japan would invade china, three years later Japan would what

A

join the axis powers with germany and italy

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14
Q

What did the nuetrality acts say

A

This act promised that America would stay neutral and we agreed to not sell weapons or give out loans to nations at war.

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15
Q

What is appeasement

A

the policy of giving in to the demands of others in an effort to keep peace.

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16
Q

Describe the german’s attack on Poland

A

The German attack on Poland was fast and fierce. The Germans would use planes to bomb their targets, then roll tanks into an area, followed by thousands of soldiers. This style of fighting was called blitzkrieg or lightning war.

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17
Q

During Belgium’s collapse what did Germany do

A

Germany would then officially ally with Italy and Japan forming the Axis Powers.

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18
Q

Who was winston churchhill

A

a great britian leader

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19
Q

What was the scorched earth policy

A

The Soviets would burn their cities, destroy crops, and blew up dams that provide electric power

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20
Q

What acts did Roosevelt sign which was the first U.S. peacetime drafting of men 21-35 years of age into the military?

A

Selective Training and Service Act

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21
Q

What was the lend-lease act

A

It allowed the United States to sell, lend, or lease weapons to any country “vital to the defense of

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22
Q

What was the Atlantic charter

A

a document that was not a military alliance, but it did set goals for the world after “the final destruction of the Nazi tyranny.”

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23
Q

What the did the atlantic charter also call for

A

It also called for the creation of a permanent system for preserving peace between American and G.B.

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24
Q

What was the attack on pearl harbor

A

At 7:55 am Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941 Japanese warplanes attacked the United States military base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

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25
Q

Uniforms would be labeled G.I. which stood for

A

Government-issued. That is how U.S. soldiers became known as G.I.

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26
Q

What did the national war labor board help

A

It helped settle labor disputes that could slow down war production

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27
Q

What did the national war labor also do

A

They also did things like help automakers shift form making cars to building trucks, jeeps, tanks, and planes

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28
Q

What did women do in the war

A

They would work in assembly lines and help build tanks and airplanes

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29
Q

How many women would work and where

A

Eventually, 2.5 million women would work in shipyards, aircraft factories, and other manufacturing plants

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30
Q

What did women working in the war do or impact on American people

A

Although most women left the factories after the war, their efforts changed American attitudes about women in the workplace.

31
Q

What did the revenue act of 1942 do

A

The revenue act of 1942 raised business taxes and required most Americans to pay income tax

32
Q

What would congress also approve after the revenue act of 1942

A

Congress would also approve withholding taxes from workers’ paychecks, which is still the practice today

33
Q

What is a bond

A

A bond was a certificate promising to pay the buyer a set amount at a future date

34
Q

What is rationing

A

Rationing means consumers could only buy limited numbers or amounts of certain products

35
Q

What were victory gardens

A

Gardens to help grow vegetable to ease food shortages

36
Q

What is civil defense

A

Civil defense are protective measures taken by civilians in case of attack

37
Q

What was the fair employment practices committee

A

Fair Empolyment Practices Committee, which would make it illegal to discriminate, in the defense industry, based on race, creed, color, or national origin

38
Q

What was the fair employment practices committee

A

Fair Employment Practices Committee, which would make it illegal to discriminate, in the defense industry, based on race, creed, color, or national origin

39
Q

What was special about the battle of iwo jima

A

In the battle of Iwo Jima a special group of Navajo soldiers formed the group called the code talkers they used a code based on the navajo language to send vital military messages about troop movements and battle plans

40
Q

What was so special about the navajo code

A

the japanese military were never able to break these codes and this would play a vital role in the success that america faced in the pacific theatre

41
Q

What was true about combatants on the eastern front

A

More combatants were killed on the Eastern Front than in all the other Theatres combined

42
Q

In the first three months, how many casualties did Russia have

A

2.5 million

43
Q

What was the mistake germany made

A

They attacked one of the only two countries that they could not defeat…Soviet Union and the U.S.

44
Q

What was true about the germans and russians relationship

A

Both the Germans and the Russians hated each other and committed numerous atrocities… Mass beheadings and rapes would occur daily

45
Q

How did many captured soldiers die

A

do to the exposure to the elements and maltreatment from their captors.

46
Q

What did hitler order in the battle of stillingrad

A

In Stalingrad, Hitler ordered that the entire male population of the city of 1 million people be murdered and that all of its females be deported.

47
Q

How many casualties did the axis powers suffer in the battle of stillingrad

A

850,000

48
Q

How many casualties did the soviets suffer in the battle of stillingrad

A

750,000

49
Q

What did stalin consider the casualties

A

necessary because losing Stalingrad meant losing the war

50
Q

What happened in May 1944

A

In May 1944 the Western Allies were finally prepared to deliver their greatest blow of the war, a cross channel invasion of northern France, code-named Operation Overlord.

51
Q

What was Eisenhower planning

A

Eisenhower planned for a surprise attack on the beaches of Normandy.

52
Q

What did Germany sign on May 7th

A

Germany would sign an unconditional surrender on May 7. This would end the war in Europe. On May 8th V-E Day would be declared (Victory in Europe Day)

53
Q

What is antisemitism?

A

Antisemitism is the hostility to prejudice or discrimination against jews. A person who holds such positions is called an anti semite

54
Q

What does euthanasia mean

A

Euthanasia literally means good death

55
Q

What did euthanasia mean for the nazi party

A

For the nazi party the term euthanasia meant a planned murder program

56
Q

What was the euthanasia programs plan

A

This programs target was to remove metally or physically disabled people from Germany

57
Q

What was the first program of mass murder for Germany

A

The euthanasia program was nazi germany’s first program of mass murder

58
Q

T4 Program what were the questionairs the doctors filled out used for

A

These questionnaires were used to see which people were able to work and they asked to identify if patients had certain disorders

59
Q

What were the questionnaires used for with the T4 program

A

These questionnaires were used to see which people were able to work and they asked to identify patients that had stuff wrong

60
Q

How many people did the T4 program kill

A

200,000 people

61
Q

What were closed ghettos

A

Closed off by walls, or by fences with barbed wire

62
Q

What was an open ghetto

A

They had no walls or fences, but there were restrictions on entering and leaving

63
Q

What was a destruction ghetto

A

They were tightly sealed off and existed for between two and six weeks before the germans and or their collaborators deported or killed the Jewish population concentrated in them

64
Q

What were jews allowed to bring into ghettos

A

Jewish people were only allowed to bring a few personal items to the ghetto, many of their possessions were just left behind

65
Q

Describe a ghetto

A

Ghettos were extremely crowded and often lacked electricity and sanitary infrastructure

66
Q

What would happen if you were caught smuggling goods into ghettos

A

you would be publicly executed

67
Q

How many DPs lived in camps and urban centers

A

From 1945 to 1952, more than 250,000 Jewish displaced persons (DPs) lived in camps and urban centers in Germany, Austria, and Italy

68
Q

What was island hopping

A

This meant that U.S. military would attack and capture key islands, which would then become bases in which they could attack other islands with.

69
Q

What were Kamikazes

A

Kamikazes were suicide pilots who would crash they planes into U.S. ships and destroyers during the battle of Okinawa.

70
Q

Where does D Day rate in the size of amphibious attacks in history

A

the largest in history

71
Q

What was the atlantic wall

A

2400 mile of bunkers landmines and beach and water obstacles

4000000 landmines along normandy’s beaches

260,000 workers, mostly forced labor, built the wall over 2 years

72
Q

What were the names of the 5 beaches that the Allies were going to land on

A

utah
gold
omaha
sword
juno

73
Q

What did the Allies try to do to mislead the Nazi’s about where the invasion was going to take place?

A

a dummy army hundreds of inflatable tanks and airplanes to trick german spy planes

American History (6 decks)

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