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U.S. History > World War I > Flashcards

World War I Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Original name of WWI

A

The great war

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2
Q

Attrition

A

One or both sides kill everything to try and force the other side to surrender

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3
Q

Four MAIN causes

A

Militarism(arms race/military state)
Alliances(triple alliance v. Triple entente)
Imperialism(building empire)
Nationalism(pride in culture,ect)

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4
Q

Triple alliance

A

Central powers:
German empire
Ottoman Empire
Austria-hungary

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5
Q

Triple entente

A

Allies:
France
Britain
Russia

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6
Q

The “spark”

A

Assassination of the archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary in Sarajevo

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7
Q

Result of assassination of archduke Ferdinand

A

Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia which was allied with Russia which was backed by France and Britain while Austria-Hungary was backed by Germany

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8
Q

Trench warfare

A

Not straight built by soldiers eat infested no mans land lived in water and disease as they couldn’t leave trenches

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9
Q

Weapons

A

Springfield rifle
Bayonet
Grenade
Machine guns

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10
Q

Tanks

A

Way to get across no mans land-would get stuck

First weapon produced by british

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11
Q

Airplanes

A

New not reliable first for reconesince later in dog fights and caused machine gun to be placed in back of plane

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12
Q

Flying aces

A

Eddie rickenbacher-US

Manfred Von rictoffen “red baron”-Germany

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13
Q

Zeppelins

A

German- Quiet blimps used for reconnescence
Caught fire or were shot down
Dropped bombs over Britain-demoralizing

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14
Q

Submarines

A

German ha sonar to tell when ship was above them an would torpedo them was restricted then unrestricted-cause for US joining war

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15
Q

Chemical warfare

A

Didn’t have gas masks-used ammonia rag
Chlorine-didnt smell, green gas-lethal caused suffocation
Mustard gas-blistering agent-shut down body

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16
Q

Flamethrower

A

German-unpredictable used to clear out trenches-had to get close to enemy and how tank didn’t blow up

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17
Q

Western front

A

Trench warfare-great Britain and France

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18
Q

Eastern front

A

Russia

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19
Q

Stalemate

A

Lasts almost two years

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20
Q

Verdun

A

Battle from feb. to dec. 1916 longest battle in WWI

800,000 men died

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21
Q

Somme

A

Major battle from July to dec. 1916

River in France-Brit. Tried to distract Germans from fighting in north but failed

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22
Q

US neutrality

A

Thought/expected sea to be neutral

Traded with both sides

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23
Q

Naval blockade

A

British navy blocked English canal and US did nothing to support britain

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24
Q

U-boats

A

German submarines

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25
Lusitania
May 7, 1915 Ship with 180ish Americans shot down by uboat US became anti-German
26
Election of 1916
Wilson is elected | "Peace with honor"
27
Zimmerman telegram
Sent to American government and press and published it declared unrestricted submarine warfare and offered alliance with Mexico if war with US starts
28
Declaration of war
Wilson asked congress for war on April 6, 1917 | Reason:war would make democracy safe
29
Convoy system
Safety in numbers
30
Selective service act
``` 1917 Draft for men 21-30 Blacks required Open to whites Troop segregated wanted 2 million ```
31
John Pershing
"Black Jack"- recruitant
32
American expeditionary force
Trains men 8 weeks before sending them to europe
33
Committee on public information
Told everyone central powers were bad and used propaganda to get everyone in board
34
Propaganda
Used to convince people of sometimes using guilt or calling on loyalty or integrity
35
War industries board
Told industry what to make and what not to make
36
Good administration
Convinced people to voluntarily ration food-called traitor if you wasted food that could have gone to soldiers
37
Herbert Hoover
Instituted days of going without certain foods-meat sugar wheat and what you would have use was sent to soldiers Convinced school to have gardens in exchange for money
38
Fuel administration
Saved coal and gas-gas less days | Daylight savings time-reduced time factories were open to reserve fuel
39
War financing bonds
Sent money directly to war | More bought bc of propaganda
40
Eugene debs
Head of socialist party- Convinced people to not go to drafts held rallies before being imprisoned
41
Charles schenk
Wrote letters saying draft was unconstitutional and when imprisoned fought it
42
Schenk v. U. S.
191& used freedom if speech but Supreme Court ruled that during war if he is endangering the nation-fighting the draft- he could be imprisoned -->was not released
43
Espionage Act
1917 if you helped the enemy even by stopping recruitment you were tried of espionage and received 10 years in prison
44
Sedition act
1918 treason if you spoke against the country flag or soldiers you were charged with sedition and received 10 years in prison and $10,000
45
Great migration
African americans moved from plains to northeast to full factory positions
46
Women
Filled men's jobs so fought for suffrage r
47
19th amendment
Women's suffrage in 1920
48
Armistice
Nov. 11,1918 11 am | Ceased fire
49
Paris peace conference
Big 4 met in palace of Versailles and made treaty of Versailles
50
Treaty of Versailles
Changed map ending empires | Punished Germany
51
Big 4
US-pres. Wilson Great Britain-David Lloyd George France- Clemenceau Italy- vittorio Orlando
52
Change of German empire
West lost Rhineland and Alsace-Lorraine East lost some which went to Poland South lost some to Czechoslovakia
53
Austria Hungary empire
Became Austria Hungary Yugoslavia and part of Czechoslovakia
54
Collapse of Ottoman Empire
Became turkey Syria Jordan Palestine Lebanon and Jordan-protecterats were Britain and France
55
Russian revolution
Reason left war- Tsar Nicholas was overthrown by Vladimir Lenin and Bolsheviks-became communist Soviet Union
56
Change of Russia map
5 countries out of part | Finland Estonia Latvia Lithuania an Poland
57
Wilson's 14 points
All but last shot down-one Wilson fought for-league of nationa
58
League of Nations
Way for peace-for all nations to be able to talk through conflict Congress refused to join even after Wilson died while fighting for it
59
Reservationists
People in congress not completely opposed to treaty of Versailles
60
Irreconcilables
Opposed to treaty in any way bc of League of Nations

U.S. History (12 decks)

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