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OB > WS1#, WS#2 simple > Flashcards

WS1#, WS#2 simple Flashcards

(47 cards)

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1
Q

Stereotypes

A

Generalizations about a group of people

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2
Q

Social Categorization

A

Classifying people based on similarities

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3
Q

Learn about stereotypes from

A
  1. trusted others2. media3. Limited exposure
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4
Q

Prejudice

A

(usually) negative attitude towards group of people

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5
Q

Why do stereotypes turn to prejudice?

A

Social Identity Theory (Tajfel) Realistic conflict theory (Robbers cave)

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6
Q

In-group bias

A

positive feeling about in groupnegative feeling about out group

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7
Q

Two step model

A

AutomaticControlled

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8
Q

When do we automate

A

Lack time or energy

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9
Q

Factors that bias perception

A

AttentionIllusory correlations Confirmation bias

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10
Q

How to revise beliefs

A
  1. Bookkeeping method2. Conversion method3. Sub-typing method
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11
Q

Stereotype threat leads to

A
  1. Performance deficits2. Depends on mindset3. Strong when domain in important
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12
Q

Contact hypothesis

A

Contact reduces prejudice

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13
Q

Six conditions for contact to reduce prejudice

A
  1. Mutual interdependence2. Common goal3. Equal status of members4. Informal interpersonal contact5. Multiple members of out-group6. Social norms
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14
Q

Imagined inter-group contact

A

deceptively simple and effective, has to be positive

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15
Q

Discrimination

A

Unjustified negative action towards member of a group

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16
Q

Institutionalized prejudice and discrimination

A

norm, due to normative conformity

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17
Q

Best workplace practices

A
  1. Monitor statistics2. Broaden recruitment base3. Multiple interviewers4. Transparency5. Norms of equality
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18
Q

Justification-Suppression model

A

Urge for prejudice Positive self-image

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19
Q

Ultimate attribution bias

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A

Dispositional attributes about whole groupSituational when disconfirm stereotype

20
Q

Reason for failure of logic

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A
  1. Emotional aspect2. Schemas
21
Q

Blaming victim

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A

Dispositional attributes, just world

22
Q

Self-fulfilling prophesy

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A

Belief = behavior

23
Q

Scapegoating

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A

Powerless disliked groups blamed

24
Q

Modern racism

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A

Prejudice is subtle

25
Hostile sexism
Men > Women
26
Benevolent sexism
Idealize women
27
Jigsaw classroom
inter-dependence
28
Factors needed for stereotype threat
1. Negative stereotype exists2. Stereotype relevant3. Difficult enough 4. Important for self-worth5. Stereotypes widely known
29
Eliminating negative effects of stereotype
1. Prevent situation2. Focus on similarities not differences3. Avoid categorical labels4. Successful role models.
30
Reducing prejudice by education
Doesn't work
31
Diversity
Differences between individuals
32
Surface level Deep level
Visible, can change. Invisible, can't change
33
Two diversity typeologies
Demographic, Functional
34
Needed with diversity
Inclusion
35
Why Diversity?!
1. Understand market place2. Utilization of talent3. Creativity
36
Blaus index
Mathematical measurement of diversity
37
Social categorization perspective Information/decision-making perspective
Favors in group Diversity = rich info
38
Social categorization
Grouping of people
39
Intergroup bias
Favorable perception of in-group
40
When does diversity lead to social categorization?!
1. Comparative fit (reflects)2. Normative fit (meaningful)3. Cognitive fit (readiness)
41
When does diversity bring information-elaboration?
1. Individual motivation2. Individual ability3. Individual Diversity mind-set
42
Elaboration
Provide opportunities for employees, to promote diversity
43
Ways a leader strengthens diverse team
1. Celebrate common2. Reward different3. Be clear on roles4. Clear vision5. Don't tolerate discrimination6. Quick wins7. Be leader8. Patience9. Volunteer10. Old rules
44
Fault lines
Potential divisions within group, Surfarce Deeper
45
Consequences of fault lines
1. Identify sub-group over team goals2. Competition, distrust3. Less communication between subgroups
46
Fault-lines lead to
Increase inter-group biasReduce information elaboration
47
Overcoming faultlines
Leadership - 1. Awareness in team creation2. Shared goals3. TimeSupportive systems1. HR training and policies

OB (2 decks)

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