Flashcards in WW1 Deck (38)
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Alfred Von Schlieffen
1891-1905
German military strategist
Devised the Schlieffen Plan
1
Helmuth Von Moltke
1906-1914
Assumed leadership over Schlieffen Plan after Schlieffen died.
2
Paul Von Hindenburg
1916-1919
German chief of army staff at end of war
3
Kaiser Wilhelm II
1888-1918
German Kaiser
4
Joseph Jacques Cesaire Joffre
1911-1916
French commander-in-chief
5
Robert Nivelle
1916-1917
French
6
Henri Phillipe Petain
1917-1918
French commander at end of war
7
Sir John French
1911-1915
British commander-in-chief
8
Sir Douglas Haig
1915-1921
9
Herbert Henry Asquith
1908-1916
British prime minister
10
David Lloyd George
1916-1922
British prime minister
11
Theodore Roosevelt
1901-1909
US prime minister
12
Woodrow Wilson
1913-1921
US president
13
Militarism
Political, diplomatic, social emphasis on military matters
ie. military spending, developing military technology
14
Industrialization
Decrease imports by self-sustenance
15
Alliances
Triple Alliance (Germany, A-H, Italy)
Entente Cordiale (Britain, France, Russia)
16
Nationalism
Emotional attachment to a certain cultural/territorial group, desire for independence
17
Imperialism
Set of actions/policies by which one national group dominates another national group and it's territory
18
Inciting Event
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and wife Sophie by Princip, member of Serbian Black Hand
19
Schlieffen Plan
August 3, 1914
March through Belgium and hammer swing around Paris
20
Marne
Sept 5-12
Caused troops on both sides to dig in and start war of attrition
21
Total War
War in which entire nation is involved
22
Social Characteristics of Total War
Involves civilians (fighting and home front)
Recruiting women into male-dominant workplace
23
Economical Characteristics of Total War
War economy
Rationing
Industry shifted from consumer to war goods
24
Military Characteristics of Total War
Conscription
Massive destruction
High casualty rates
Weapons of mass destruction
25
Political Characteristics of Total War
Power is centralized (states becomes interventionist)
Propaganda used to encourage involvement in home front and reinforce nationalistic feelings
26
Limited War
Weapons, territory, objectives to war are limited
27
Blockade
Prevent country from receiving supplies
Britain blockaded Germany (Baltic Sea) -> starvation, "Turnip Winter"
28
Dreadnought
Most heavily-armed ship powered by steam turbines
Made by British, lead to British naval victory
29
U-Boat
Underwater submarines used by Germans in English Channel/Atlantic Ocean
Sank many merchant/passenger British ships
30
Torpedo
Carried on U-boats
Used to sink enemy ships
31
Trench Warfare
Series if trenches along front lines
Stretched across France and Belgium
Lead to war of attrition
32
Machine Gun
Automatic easy-use gun
Faster than rifles -> mass death
33
Tank
Armoured vehicle with caterpillar tracks and machine guns
First used by British at Somme
34
Creeping Barrage
Fire artillery directly in front of front line of infantry
35
Dynamite
Planted below enemy trenches
36
Balloon/Dirigible
Used to observe enemy movements
37
