WW1 Flashcards
(44 cards)
When was World War I fought and between which groups?
From 1914 to 1918 between the Allies and the Central Powers.
When did World War I end?
On November 11, 1918, when Germany agreed to an armistice.
How many people died in World War I?
8.5 million soldiers and 13 million civilians.
How many soldiers were wounded during World War I?
21 million soldiers.
What types of damage did WWI cause to land and economies?
Homes, farms, towns were destroyed; the war cost $338 billion and emptied most national treasuries.
What was the 1919 Paris Peace Conference?
A meeting of 32 nations to write a treaty to end the war.
Who were the ‘Big Four’ leaders at the Paris Peace Conference?
Britain, France, Italy, and the United States.
Why didn’t Germany and Russia attend the Paris Peace Conference?
Germany and other Central Powers were not allowed; Russia had already quit WWI.
What did Britain and France want to do to Germany?
Weaken it so it couldn’t go to war again; they wanted Germany to accept full blame, pay reparations, and lose colonies.
What was President Woodrow Wilson’s peace plan called?
The Fourteen Points.
What was the goal of Wilson’s Points 1–5?
Eliminate causes of war like secret treaties and reduce national militaries.
What did Wilson suggest in Points 6–13?
Redraw national boundaries and promote self-determination for new nations.
What did Point 14 of the Fourteen Points propose?
A League of Nations to peacefully solve conflicts.
What was the Treaty of Versailles?
The peace agreement created after WWI, based partly on Wilson’s Fourteen Points.
What were the major parts of the Treaty of Versailles?
League of Nations, territorial losses for Germany, military restrictions, and war guilt clause.
What did Germany have to give up after WWI?
Land in Europe and all of its overseas colonies.
What was the “war guilt clause”?
Germany had to accept blame for the war and pay $33 billion.
How was Germany’s military limited?
100,000 troops, 6 warships, no submarines, no war equipment.
What happened to the Ottoman Empire?
It was divided; Britain and France got land in the Middle East.
Why did Britain and France want control in the Middle East?
For oil resources.
When did World War I officially end?
June 28, 1919, with the signing of the Treaty of Versailles.
How did Germans feel about the treaty?
They protested and hated the harsh terms.
Did the USA join the League of Nations?
No, the U.S. Senate rejected the treaty.
What is total war?
Using all resources—soldiers, factories, propaganda—to win a war.
