WW1

Question 1

What were the short term causes

Answer 1

-Assassination of archduke Francis Ferdinand

Question 2

Nationalism

Answer 2

• implied that each ethnic group had the right to form a sovereign state
• especially serious in ottoman, Habsburg, and Russia

Question 3

Pan-slavism

Answer 3

• Ottoman Empire was reduced as Greece and others became independent
• Russians promoted pan-slavism in lands of Austria Hungary

Question 4

Rivalry between Germany and Britain

Answer 4

• naval race: Germany’s industrialization threatened British economic predominance
• colonial disputes: Britain and France took most of the area and left little for Germany expansion
• Balkan wars
• public opinion: nationalism and patriotism prevailed among Europeans

Question 5

Central powers: triple alliance

Answer 5

Germany and Austria-Hungary formed dual alliance

Soon became triple alliance when Italy joined

Austia-Hungary, Germany, italy

Question 6

The allies: triple entente

Answer 6

Britain France and Russia formed the triple entente

Britain, France, Russia

Question 7

Assassination of archduke Ferdinand

Answer 7

-provoked Austria/Hungary to declare war on Serbia (July 28)

Question 8

The stalemate

Answer 8

• Reflected advantages of defense tactics over offensive tactics
• BARBED WIRE, MACHINE GUNS, POISONOUS GAS

Question 9

Propaganda

Answer 9

Government resorted to restriction of civil liberty and censorship and propaganda

Question 10

21 demands

Answer 10

Were designed to reduce China to Japan’s protectorate (state that controls another area)

Question 11

VI Lenin

Answer 11

• revolutionary Marxist
• exiled in Switzerland
• recognized importance of a well-organized highly disciplined party for revolution

Question 12

Submarine warfare

Answer 12

German submarine sank a British passenger liner

US declared war on Germany on April 6th 1917

Question 13

Corrosive effects of the war

Answer 13

Deteriorated economic conditions, civilian disillusionment, food riots, mutinies of troops

Question 14

Collapse

Answer 14

Forces of the central powers collapsed one after another and accepted armistices

Question 15

Paris peace conference

Answer 15

27 nations participated in the conference in 1919

Question 16

Peace treaties

Answer 16

• Restricted military potential of the former central powers
• required payment of the cost of war on behalf of the central powers
• recognized newly formed states in Eastern Europe
• peace settlement was a failure and left a bitter legacy

Question 17

League of Nations

Answer 17

• goal was world peace
• TWO MAJOR FLAWS
  1: it had no power to enforce its decisions
  2: it did not include all major powers to maintain collective security

Question 18

Mandate system

Answer 18

League of Nations divided colonies and territories from the former central powers into three classes of mandates

Question 19

Weakened Europe

Answer 19

• economic problems: inflation, economic dislocations, loss of overseas investments and foreign markets
• war reversed economic relationship between Europe and US
• loss of prestige overseas weakened European grip on colonies

Question 20

Self determination

Answer 20

The right of people in a region to determine whether to be independent or not

Question 21

14 points

Answer 21

• freedom of the seas
• arms reduction
• colonial commerce: lands taken away were given to natives
• league of nations

Question 22

Treaty of Versailles

Answer 22

• Germany gave up colonies / reparations
• Germany and Austria banned from working together
• Germany took blame for war
• German navy and army reduced

Question 23

Balkan nationalism

Answer 23

Movements to create independent nations with in the Balkan possessions of the ottoman empire. This provoked a series of crises within the European alliance system. It also eventually led to World War I.

Question 24

Dreadnoughts

Answer 24

A battleship. A huge new warship during this time. It launched in 1906 and the Germans built ships in response. This kept the Naval rivalry at fever pitch.

Question 25

Wilhelm II

Answer 25

Ruler of Germany. He magnified the threat of growing economic and military power of Germany for the rest of Europe.

Question 26

Gavriel princip

Answer 26

Serbian nationalist. In July 1914 he assassinated Archduke Ferdinand and his wife and Sarah in Sarajevo

Question 27

Archduke Ferdinand

Answer 27

Hire a parent to the Austro-Hungarian throne. His assassination in Sarajevo set in motion the events that started World War I

Question 28

Sarajevo

Answer 28

Administrative center of the Bosnian province of the Austrian empire. Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated here in 1914 and provoked World War I

Question 29

Western front

Answer 29

Front a stab list in World War I. Was generally a long line from Belgium to Switzerland. It featured trench warfare and horrendous casualties for all sides in the conflict

Question 30

Nicholas II

Answer 30

Tsar of Russia 1894-1917. He forcefully suppressed political opposition and resisted constitutional government. Deposed by Revolution in 1917

Question 31

Gallipoli

Answer 31

Peninsula south of Istanbul. It was the site of the decisive 1915 Turkish victory over Australian and New Zealand forces under British command during World War I

Question 32

Armenian genocide

Answer 32

Anna salt carried out by mainly the Turkish military forces against the Armenian population in Anatolia in 1915. Over a million Armenians parish and thousands fled to Russia and the Middle East

Question 33

Eastern front

Answer 33

The most mobile of the funds established during World War I. After early successes, military defeat led to the downfall of the tsarist government in Russia

Question 34

Adolf Hitler

Answer 34

Notsi leader of fascist German from 1933 to his suicide in 1945. He created a strongly centralized state in Germany and eliminated all of his rivals. He launched an aggressive foreign-policy leading to World War II he is responsible for the genocide of the European Jews

Question 35

George Clemenceau

Answer 35

French prime minister in the last year's of World War I and during Versailles conference of 1919. He pushed for heavy reparations from Germany

Question 36

David Lloyd George

Answer 36

Prime minister of Great Britain. He had a coalition government through much of World War I and the turbulent years that followed

Question 37

Diktat

Answer 37

Dictated peace without negotiations. It is in order or decree imposed by someone in power without popular consent.

Question 38

Woodrow Wilson

Answer 38

The 28th president of the United States. He wrote the 14 points and intensely promoted self-determination

Question 39

League of Nations

Answer 39

International diplomatic and peace organization created in the Treaty of Versailles that ended World War I. Was one of the chief goals of President Woodrow Wilson of the United States in the peace negotiations. The United States was never a member

Question 40

What were the long term causes of WW1

Answer 40

``` MAIN Militarism Alliances Imperialism Nationalism ```