WW1 (Part 1) Flashcards
1
Q
what country had been living in peace for nearly a century by 1914?
A
Europe
2
Q
_____hoped for a permanent end to all war.
Others believed a “Great War” was ______
A
Idealists
Inevitable
3
Q
What is meant by a “Great War”?
A
a war impacting many countries with improved technology killing a lot more people
4
Q
Who created modern day Germany?
A
Otto Von Bismarck
5
Q
What was Otto Von Bismarck’s Quote?
A
“I shall not live to see the Great War, but you will see it and it will start in the east”
6
Q
Throughout the late 1800’s and early 1900’s efforts were made to _________
A
end the terror of war
7
Q
Who was Alfred Nobel?
- ______ inventer of ______
- came to regret _____uses of ________
- in his will he set up the ______
A
- sweedish, dynamite
- the military, his invention
- nobel peace prize
8
Q
What was the nobel peace price?
A
each year someone is awarded this prize because of his work advancing peace
9
Q
First National Peace Conference
- Brought leaders together in the ______
- They set up a ____ called the _____ to settle disputes between nations.
- This could not _______ or ______
- Despite all these efforts a ___ seemed to be on its way.
A
- Netherlands
- world court, Hague Tribunal
- force nations to submit their disputes, enforce its rulings
- big war
10
Q
The causes of WW1?
A
MAIN
- Militarism
- Alliances
- Imperialism
- Nationalism
11
Q
What is intense love of ones country?
A
Nationalism
12
Q
National pride (nationalism) can fuel bitter _____. Which can sometimes lead to war based on _______.
A
conflict
war-racism
13
Q
In early 1900”s aggressive _______ was the leading cause of international ______
A
nationalism
tension
14
Q
- Nationalism was strong in _____ and ______
- _____ was proud of their military
- France longed to be Europe’s leading ____ again.
- France resented _____ occupation of Alsace and Lorraine.
- France wanted _____against germany for the Franco-Prussian war.
A
- Germany and France
- Germans
- Power
4 German - revenge
15
Q
What is it called when all Slavic people shared a common nationality.
A
Pan Slavism
16
Q
_______ felt, as the largest Slavic country that it had a duty to lead and protect all Slavs.
A
Russia
17
Q
CRISIS IN THE BALKANS
- ________ worried nationalism might foster rebellion among the many minority populations within its empire
- ______ felt threatened by new nations on its borders-especially ______
- In 1912, the Balkan states attacked ______
- By 1914, the Balkans were the “______” of Europe.
A
- Austria-Hungary
- Ottoman Turkey, Serbia
- Turkey
- powder keg
18
Q
- Britain felt threatened by Germany’s rapid ______growth.
- 1900-Germany’s new, modern _______increasingly out produced _____
- Germany believed other world powers did not give them_______
A
- Economic
- factories, Britain
- enough respect
19
Q
- Competition for ______ brought France & Germany to the brink of war.
- As a result, ______ and France began forming closer ties against germany
A
- Colonies
2. Britain
20
Q
the glorification of the military
A
militarism
21
Q
What came to dominate national policy?
A
armed forces and readiness for war
22
Q
Militarists painted war in ____ colors
A
romantic
23
Q
What justified stronger nations in taking the weaker nations?
A
Social Darwinism
24
Q
The Arms race:
- As the tensions grew the great powers expanded their _____
- The fiercest competition was the ____rivalry between______ and ______
A
- Military
2. Naval, Britain, Germany
25
1. Fear and distrust led the great powers to protect themselves through ______
2. _____ were signed pledging to defend each other
1. alliances
| 2. treaties
26
Who were in the Central Powers?
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire
27
Who were in the Aliied Powers?
France, Britain, Russian, and Italy
28
1. Archduke Franz ____ of Austria-Hungary would visit Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia.
2. Bosnia was the neighbor of ____
3. June 28th was the anniversary of the battle of _____ in 1389
1. Ferdinand
2. Serbia
3. Kosovo
29
The Serbians took the archduke coming on June 28 as an ______
Insult
30
_______ shot _____ and his wife during their motorcade ride through Sarajevo. Their driver took _____
Gavrilo Princip
Archduke Ferdinand
A wrong turn
31
Because Archduke was shot, _____ sent ______ an ultimatum which _____ part was rejected so they declared war
Austria
Serbia
one
32
Serbia asked Russia to talk to _____, which they don't cooperate so Russia declares war on them.
______supported russia
______declared war on _____ because they would not stay neutral
________ and _____ were neutral at first.
Germany
France
Germany, France
Italy & Great Britain
33
Germany did not want a two front war so they came up with the ______, which was to have ___%invade ____ and through a neutral country and meet the other ___% to fight _____
Schlieffen Plan
90% , France
10%, Britain
34
Germany invading Belgium caused _____ to declare war on Germany
Britain
35
```
______wanted to punish Serbia
_____ wanted to support Austria
_____ was offended by Austria giving Serbia an Ultimatum
______supported Russia
_______ felt committed to protect _____
```
```
Austria
Germany
Russia
France
Britain, France
```
36
The Schlieffen plan failed because of _____ resistance.
this brings _______ into war. ____ wins small battles in the east because they mobilized quickly.move weekened _____ forces in the west. their offensive ______.
```
belguim
great britain
russia
german
stalls
```
37
with ____ coming both sides began to dig ____. Thes lines remained for ___ years. fighting in the ____ turns into a stalemate.
winter
trenches
four
west
38
whats a stalemate
a deadlock neither side could break
39
new advances in ____ meant thousands of men could be killed in hours. WWI is the first ____ fully _____ war. ______ altered the nature of fighting. ____ would have a greater impact later.
```
technology
modern
industrialized
machine guns
tanks
```
40
poison gas was first used by the ______ in ypres belguim.
germans
41
What are the three different types of gas ?
tear gas
mustard gas
chlorine gas
42
What happened to tear gas that was inconvienient?
it froze in the winter
43
how did people defend against chlorine gas
wet clothes over their face
44
what gas makes u itch
mustard gas
45
poison gas was _____ by international agreement
outlawed
46
________ used poison gas in the 1990s against _____ rebels
saddam hussain
| kurdish
47
with ____ if they aimed poorly they could kill their own men
artillery
48
tanks were first used by the _____. at the battle of ____.
brittish
| somme
49
machine guns helped create _____ by making it difficult to cross no mans land.
stale mate
50
submarines were used by the _____ these helped bring ___ into the war.
germans
| US
51
at first the ____ was just used for observation.
| they are also known as ____.
airplanes
| "aces"
52
treches spanned from ______ to the ______.
| between the treches there was _________.
swiss alps
english channel
no mans land
53
_________ was caused by cold and unsanitary conditions. avoided it by changing your _____.
socks
| trench foot
54
Trench mouth is a servere case of ______ due to a lack of care for the _____. Causes painful infected and bleeding _____ and ________.
gingivitis
teeth
gums
ulterations
55
what is total war
channeling the nations entire resources into a war effort.
56
only _____ didnt impose a draft until later in the war
great britain
57
```
how do government raise money for the war?
r
b
r
s
p
w
```
```
raised taxes
borrowed money
rationed food boots and gasoline
set price controls
prohibited strikes
war bonds
```
58
when fighting a war an important thing is controlling ______.
public opinion
59
concerted set of messages aimed at influencing the opinions or behavior of a large group of people.
propaganda
60
propaganda is used as a _____ and to keep the ______ a secret. _____ were censored.
distraction
casualties
pictures
61
what are atrocities?
political pr ethically motivated killing of civilians
