WW Dos Flashcards
1
Q
Nazis stormed into Poland and launched what? Also known as what?
A
Blitz Krieg
“the lightening war”
2
Q
What was the purpose of Blitz Krieging?
A
To Avoid trench warfare like WW1
3
Q
What was the German Airforce called? They bombed airfields, factories, towns, and cities.
A
Luftwaffe
4
Q
How did Germans “‘break the rules of war”?
A
Fired upon civilians
5
Q
Who invaded who first between Poland and Germany?
A
Germans invaded Poland
6
Q
Which country pledged to protect Poland if it was invaded?
A
Britain
7
Q
How many days did it take after the invasion for Britain to declare war on Germany?
A
3
8
Q
What other country declared war on Germany other than Britain?
A
France
9
Q
What was the purpose of the attack on the Polish town of Wielan where 12,000 civilians died?
What did the polish army immediately have to do after being attacked?
A
To demoralize the Polish Population
Retreat
10
Q
After only one week after invading Poland, German soldiers were on the outskirts of ______?
A
Warsaw
11
Q
Why didn’t Britain and France help Poland?
A
They were not militarily prepared and were not able to
12
Q
Hitler launches
A
Norway and Denmark
13
Q
Stalin’s army forced Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania to agree to host military based for the soviet military. What did the soviet forces seize that strongly resisted but fell?
A
Finland
14
Q
What is the miracle t Dunkirk?
What was this operation called?
A
They send every available vessel and save 3
15
Q
After winter, where did everyone think Hitler would invade?
A
France
16
Q
French hunkered down behind the ___line which was a massive fortification built by the french in the 1930’s.
Some called it the ______?
A
Maginot
“phony war”
17
Q
Hitler launches blitzkrieg against _____ and _____? Them they move into the ____ and _____?
A
Norway and Denmark
Netherlands and Belgium
18
Q
The Maginot line makes France vulnerable through where?
A
Belgium
19
Q
How do Germans get into France?
A
The Ardennes Forest
20
Q
The British in the north were forced to retreat and were trapped in between the ____ and ____?
A
Nazis and the British channel
21
Q
What is the miracle to Dunkirk?
What was this operation called?
A
They send every available vessel and save 300,000 troops
Dynamo
22
Q
After Dunkirk, German forces moved south toward ____?And ____attacked France from the south? France surrendered.
A
Paris
Italy
23
Q
What did Germans force France to do after they surrendered?
A
Sign the surrendered document on the same railroad car that Germany signed the armistice to end WW1.
24
Q
Germany established a puppet Government in ______?
A
Vichy, France
25
Hitler changed his tactics and launched operation ___, the beginning of the invasion of Britain?
Sea-lion
26
German bombers began a massive daily bombardment of military instillations on English southern coast, but Britain would not ______?
surrender
27
The London ____began on September 7th and continued for 57 straight nights and sporadically for 9 months.
Blitz
28
Axis armies were pushing their way into _____ adn the Balkans.
North Africa
29
Mussolini ordered forces from Libya into _____?
| British forces fight back so Hitler sends _____, The Desert Fox, to North Africa.
Egypt
| Erwin Rommel
30
Italian and German forces add ____ and ____ to the axis empire. Also ____ and ____ join the axis powers.
Greece and Yugoslavia
| Bulgaria and Hungary
31
After his failure in Britain Hitler nullifies the Nazi Soviet non-aggression pact and invades ___?
What was this invasion plan called?
Soviet Union
| Operation Barbarossa
32
As Hitler invaded, the Soviet union retreated and destroyed farm equipment and factories called ____.
Siege of Leningrad
33
They Nazis made great gains in the Soviet Union by Autumn, but ______ would stall the Germans because they were not prepared.
Winter
34
What event happened on December 7, 1941?
Pearl Harbor
35
FDR asked congress to declare war on what nation?
Japan
36
Who are the "Big Three", and what do they represent?
Winston Churchill-Great Britain
Joseph Stalin- Soviet Union
FDR- United States
37
What did the Big three decide to do after Pearl Harbor occurred?
Decided on a Europe first strategy
38
Defeating the axis powers depended largely on the control of what?
the seas
39
what were the 4 fronts?
Eastern front
Atlantic Front (the seas)
North africa
The air
40
German had new surface ships with the largest being the _____, the pride of the German fleet.
Bismark
41
Who sank the Bismark?
| After it was sunk, what did Germany rely on?
Britain
| U-boats or submarines
42
Which British ship did the Bismark sing?
HMS Hood
43
How much time did the Bismark spend on the high seas during WWll?
Less than 7 days
44
At first who was winning the battle of the Atlantic?
Germany
45
What was the first american ship sunk?
Reuben James
46
How did Americans turn the tide and overcome Germany boats?
1. produced ships at amazing rate
2. formed convoys to protect allied shipping
3. use of radar and sonar
4. german code, the enigma, was broken
47
What was the bloodiest battle in history?
| Who fought in it?
Stalingrad
| Soviet Union beat Germans
48
Soviets surrounded German soldiers of the _____ and they were forced to surrender
Sixth Army
49
How many casualties were at the battle of Stalingrad?
2 million
50
Who fought in the battle for North Africa?
British and Italians
51
FDR's plan for america to start fighting in North Africa?
Operation Torch
52
Who was the commander for the operation torch?
Lieutenant Dwight Eisenhower
53
Where did operation torch call for american forces to invade?
Morocco
| Algeria
54
After invading North Africa, the allied nations agreed to cross the ____ sea and knock the ____ out of the war?
Where did they invade first?
Mediterranean
Italians
Island of Sicily
55
What happened to Bonito Mussolini on April 28, 1945?
Russians saw him, he was executed, and hung upside down
56
The allied invasion into Italy stalls near a ____and allies respond by landing a large force at a seafront resort called _____
Rome
| Anzio
57
Resources were being prepared for an invasion of France. They invasion was called operation _____?
overlord
58
Pearl Harbor was initially a success for who?
Japan
59
At Pearl Harbor american forces were driven out of _______ and ______ in late 1941.
Japan captured ______ and ________ and _______.
This helps them gain much needed _______.
Wake Island Guam
Hong Kong Singapore Burma
oil reserves
60
After pearl harbor japan wanted ______ which general _______ commanded a small force of Americans who lost.
Philippines
| MacArthur
61
As japan gained ground in the Philippines MacArthur ordered a retreat to _______. What happened there ?
Bataan Peninsula
Needed supplies and reinforcements but Henry Stimson just said "there are times when men have to die"
62
in march of 1942, FDR ordered MacArthur to leave his men on Bataan and go to ________. What did he pledge?
Australia
He shall Return
63
After they surrender at Bataan, the Japanese force the starving and sick soldiers to march through the forest of Bataan for ____ days and nights
5
64
The surviving soldiers of the march through Bataan were put into _____
prison camps
65
What was the march through Bataan called and how many American and Filipino soldiers died?
Bataan death march
| 10,000
66
What happened to Sargent Wally Kinder?
He was executed
67
What did the Americans do to get back at Japan for Pearl Harbor?
Doolittle Raid
68
Who led the Doolittle raids?
James Doolittle
| William Halsey
69
In Doolittle raids what was their main target and why?
Tokyo
| it was the capital
70
How many raiders lost their lives in the Doolittle raid?
11
71
What battle featured aircraft carriers?
| Us admiral ______ sent how many aircraft carriers on the attack?
Battle of Coral Sea
Chester
2
72
Did we stop the Japanese at the battle of coral sea?
yes
73
Which battle did the Japanese tend to lure the Americans into a large sea battle?
Why did it not work?
Battle of Midway
| the Americans cracked the Japanese codes finding out the attack was coming
74
Why was the battle of Midway a new kind of sea battle?
they never directly faced each other
75
How many destroyers did the US lose in the battle of midway?
1
| yorktown
76
How many aircraft carriers did Japan lose at the battle of midway?
4
77
How many heavy cruisers did Japan lose at the battle of midway?
2
78
How many destroyers did Japan lose at the battle of midway?
3
79
What was MacArthur's plan offensively?
The first step was from the ____ islands.
The goal was to captured the _____ islands.
island hop
Soloman
Guadalcanal
80
The United States win when island hopping. Now the _____ can be won over.
Philippines
81
First ,major attack to get to the Philippines was at _____. This was the largest naval battle ever fought. How many ships took part.
Leyte Golf
| 300
82
During the Leyte Golf, Japan introduced what attacks?
Kamikaze
83
Beginning in late 1944, the massive American ____ bombers began bombing Japan regularly. Soon admiral Chester Nimitz would ______
B29
| Quarantine Japan
84
What did the allies want to capture that would provide for a better base for air raids on Tokyo? Where did they capture it?
Iwo Jima
| Mount Sirubachi
85
What did Americans want to capture that would be the launching pad for the final invasion of Japan?
Okinawa
86
Where did allied troops attack from at the battle of Okinawa?
Caves and Tunnels
87
How long would it take to defeat Japan after Germany surrendered?
18 months
88
After American victories in ______ and ______ Japan was not ready to surrender
Iwo Jima
| Okinawa
89
Who was the president in 1945?
Truman
90
What was Truman's options to end the war?
Full invasion of main Japan islands
Negotiate for peace
Manhattan Project
91
If the Allies decided to invade...Where would they invade first?
Southernmost Island of Japan and Honshu
92
Why did the Manhattan project happen?
Einstein wrote a famous letter urging FDR to do so
93
What was the Manhattan Project?
Secret Plan to develop an atomic bomb
94
How much money did it take to develop the atomic bomb?
2 billion
95
Where was the atomic bomb successfully tested in 1945 July 16?
A remote desert in New Mexico
96
What did Truman form to give him recommendation on what to do with the atomic bomb?
S-1 Committee
97
What did the S-1 committee recommend Truman do?
drop bomb on Japanese city without warning
98
On August 6, 1945, weather conditions dictated the target to be what city?
Hiroshima
99
A B-29 bomber called the _____ dropped the bomb. What was the bombs nickname?
Enola Gay
| Little Boy
100
On August 8, 1945, ____ declared war on____ that opened a two front war?
Soviet Union
| Japan
101
On August 9, 1945, the US dropped a second bomb on what city?
What was the planes nickname?
What was the bombs nickname?
Nagasaki
Box Car
Fat Man
102
On August 14, 1945, How did Hirohito surrender?
Over radio
| people heard his voice for the first time
103
On September 2, 1945, the Japanese signed a formal surrender that ended WWll. On the docks of US battleship _____.
Missouri
104
Why do people think the bomb was needed to end WWll?
1. The Japanese would not surrender cause they would fight to the death.
2. Cannot waist a bomb on a demonstration.
3. Invasion of Japan would have killed more people than the bomb did.
105
Why do people believe the bomb was not needed to end the war?
1. 60 Japanese cities had already been destroyed
2. US did not give enough time before bombing Nagasaki.
3. They think the bomb was used to justify the 2 billion dollars.
106
Hitler targeted almost almost anyone who was not a ___________
Pure german
107
Jews lost their ________ and right to _______.
Citizenship
| Marry non jews
108
Jews were forced to wear _______ or they would be _______.
Star
| Arrested
109
Jews were forced to live in ___________ which were overcrowded and didn’t have enough food
Ghettos
110
What was the largest concentration camp ?
Auschwitz
111
Dead bodies were burned in ____________.
Crematoriums
112
The holocaust is also called the ___________.
Sho’ah
113
In the end of the holocaust ......
How many people died?
How many of those people were jews?
12 million
6 million
114
What would nazis so if the town was small?
Round the jews up in fields and kill them
