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Nursing, LPN, Year 1 > X A&P - Chp 13 - The Blood > Flashcards

X A&P - Chp 13 - The Blood Flashcards

0
Q

What does blood do?

A
  • Brings nutrients and oxygen to cells
  • Carry away waste

Transportation, regulation, protection

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1
Q

What kind of tissue is blood? 2 types of circulating tissue.

A
  • Circulating tissue

- Blood, plasma

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2
Q

Ways blood TRANSPORTS

A
  • GASES, O to lungs and thru body
  • NUTRIENTS, water, vits, electrolytes to cells
  • WASTE, transports waste to kidney to be removed
  • HORMONES, carries hormones to areas of body
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3
Q

Ways blood REGULATES

A
  • pH
  • FLUID BALANCE, amount of fluid in tissues
  • HEAT, heat generated in muscles to other parts of body
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4
Q

Ways blood PROTECTS

A
  • DISEASE, carries cells and substances to fight infections

- BLOOD LOSS, clotting

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5
Q

pH range of blood

A

7.35-7.45

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6
Q

Two parts of Blood

A
  • Plasma

- Formed Elements

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8
Q

Blood constituents

A
  • Erythrocytes (RBC)
  • Leukocytes (WBC)
  • Platelets
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9
Q

Formed elements produced where?

A

Red Bone Marrow

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10
Q

which cells can potentially develop into any blood cell type

A

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

blood forming

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11
Q

Mature Erythrocytes

A

have no nucleus. dissolves to make more room to carry O.

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12
Q

O is bound to what part of RBC?

A

hemoglobin, protein containing Fe (Iron)

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13
Q

Functions of Hemoglobin

A

1) carry Oxygen (MAIN FUNCTION)
2) carry H when O given up (role in acid/base balance)
3) carry CO2 from lungs to tissue for disposal

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14
Q

Most numerous Blood Cells

A

Erythrocytes (RBC)

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15
Q

Red cell production stimulated by what hormone?

A

EPO, Erythropoietin, released by kidney in response to decreased O.

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16
Q

Constant RBC production requires

A

1) protein,
2) vit B12, Folic Acid (production of DNA)
3) Iron, Copper (prod of hemoglobin)
4) Vit C (absorbtion of Fe into small intestines)

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17
Q

Hemoglobin is a

A

protein

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18
Q

Stercobilin

A

brown fecal pigment that leaves body after Liver and Spleen break down dead RBC .

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19
Q

Leukocytes identified by

A

size, shape of nucleus, apperance of cytoplasm (granular or agranular)

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20
Q

Granulocytes

A
  • Neutrophils (most) (aka polymorphs)
  • Eosinophils
  • Basophils
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21
Q

Agranulocytes

A
  • Lymphocytes (second highest to neutrophils)

- Monocytes

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22
Q

Band Cells

A

young neutrophils before nucleus’ become segmented

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23
Q

incresaed numbers of what Granulocytes indicate infection

A

Neturophiols

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24
Q

increased numbers of what granulocytes indicate allergic reaction

A
  • Eosinophils

- Basophils

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24
Q

Titers

A

of antibodies in blood

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24
Q

Titers

A

of antibodies in blood

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24
Q

Titers

A

of antibodies in blood

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24
Q

Titers

A

of antibodies in blood

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24
Q

Blood platelets (thrombocytes

A

Fig 13.5

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25
Q

What kind of tissue is blood

A

Liquid connective tissue, 8% of body weight

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25
Q

What kind of tissue is blood

A

Liquid connective tissue, 8% of body weight

25
Q

What kind of tissue is blood

A

Liquid connective tissue, 8% of body weight

25
Q

What kind of tissue is blood

A

Liquid connective tissue, 8% of body weight

26
Q

Normal pH of blood

A

7.35-7.45

26
Q

Normal pH of blood

A

7.35-7.45

26
Q

Normal pH of blood

A

7.35-7.45

26
Q

Normal pH of blood

A

7.35-7.45

27
Q

Hematocrit

A

%of RBCS, formed solids in blood

27
Q

Hematocrit

A

%of RBCS, formed solids in blood

27
Q

Hematocrit

A

%of RBCS, formed solids in blood

27
Q

Hematocrit

A

%of RBCS, formed solids in blood

28
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (how quickly it takes RBCs to sink to bottom)

28
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (how quickly it takes RBCs to sink to bottom)

28
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (how quickly it takes RBCs to sink to bottom)

28
Q

ESR

A

Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (how quickly it takes RBCs to sink to bottom)

29
Q

Makeup of PLASMA

A
  • water

- proteins (albumin(highest),clotting factors, antibodies, complement(generic antibody), salts sugars etc)

29
Q

Makeup of PLASMA

A
  • water

- proteins (albumin(highest),clotting factors, antibodies, complement(generic antibody), salts sugars etc)

29
Q

Makeup of PLASMA

A
  • water

- proteins (albumin(highest),clotting factors, antibodies, complement(generic antibody), salts sugars etc)

29
Q

Makeup of PLASMA

A
  • water

- proteins (albumin(highest),clotting factors, antibodies, complement(generic antibody), salts sugars etc)

30
Q

Platelets

A

Broken pieces of RBCs

30
Q

Platelets

A

Broken pieces of RBCs

30
Q

Platelets

A

Broken pieces of RBCs

30
Q

Platelets

A

Broken pieces of RBCs

31
Q

Blood made of

A
  • Erythrocytes
  • leukocytes (granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, agranulocyte: monocytes)
  • platelets (thrombocytes)
31
Q

Blood made of

A
  • Erythrocytes
  • leukocytes (granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, agranulocyte: monocytes)
  • platelets (thrombocytes)
31
Q

Blood made of

A
  • Erythrocytes
  • leukocytes (granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, agranulocyte: monocytes)
  • platelets (thrombocytes)
31
Q

Blood made of

A
  • Erythrocytes
  • leukocytes (granulocytes: neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, agranulocyte: monocytes)
  • platelets (thrombocytes)
32
Q

Reticulocyte

A

Baby RBCs w nucleus found in peripheral blood

32
Q

Thrombocytes fragments released from

A

Megakaryocytes

32
Q

Reticulocyte

A

Baby RBCs w nucleus found in peripheral blood

32
Q

Reticulocyte

A

Baby RBCs w nucleus found in peripheral blood

33
Q

Neutrophils aka

A

Polymorphs

Clean up crew, lots present means infection, front line die quickly

Granules: lysosomes to digest, peroxide to clean

33
Q

Neutrophils aka

A

Polymorphs

Clean up crew, lots present means infection, front line die quickly

Granules: lysosomes to digest, peroxide to clean

33
Q

Neutrophils aka

A

Polymorphs

Clean up crew, lots present means infection, front line die quickly

Granules: lysosomes to digest, peroxide to clean

33
Q

Neutrophils aka

A

Polymorphs

Clean up crew, lots present means infection, front line die quickly

Granules: lysosomes to digest, peroxide to clean

34
Q

Granulocytes in WBCs

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils (fight parasites,worms)
  • Basophils (contain histamine, increase w allergy, itching, redness, hives)
34
Q

Granulocytes in WBCs

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils (fight parasites,worms)
  • Basophils (contain histamine, increase w allergy, itching, redness, hives)
34
Q

Granulocytes in WBCs

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils (fight parasites,worms)
  • Basophils (contain histamine, increase w allergy, itching, redness, hives)
46
Q

Granulocytes in WBCs

A
  • Neutrophils
  • Eosinophils (fight parasites,worms)
  • Basophils (contain histamine, increase w allergy, itching, redness, hives)
47
Q

Agranulocytes in WBC

A
  • Lymphocytes (T, B cells)

- Monocytes (eaters, phagocytes)

48
Q

Difference in Neutrophil nucleus’

A
  • Baby - Band Nucleus, Band Cell

- Mature - segmented, various shapes, multiple (poly’s)

49
Q

3 steps of Hemostasis

A

1) Vasoconstriction
2) Platelet Aggregation (platelet plug)
3) Clot formation

50
Q

Thrombocytes fragments released from

A

Megakaryocytes

51
Q

Life Span of Platelets

A

couple of days

52
Q

Formation of Blood Clot

A

1) Formation of prothrombinase
2) Conversion of prothrombin into thrombin (via prothrombinase)
3) Conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin (via thrombin)

Nursing, LPN, Year 1 (44 decks)

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