x-ray circuit

Question 1

the basic “on/off” switch connected to the power supply of the facility

Answer 1

main power switch

Question 2

A device that acts in the same manner as a fuse. If the current flowing through it rises above a certain level, the _____________ flips its internal switch to open the circuit and stop the electric flow

Answer 2

circuit breaker

Question 3

a circuit breaker acts in the same manner as a _______

Answer 3

fuse

Question 4

A device that raises or lowers voltage in the primary circuit

Answer 4

auto transformer

Question 5

how does an auto transformer work?

Answer 5

the wire is wound ly once around the magnetic core which functions as both the primary and secondary coils and operates on the principle of self-induction

Question 6

A circuit made up of a mechanical or electronic device whose action is to start and stop the high voltage across the x-ray tube. It is nearly which section?

Answer 6

timer circuit; the primary section

Question 7

A device in the primary circuit that raises voltage to the kilovolt level needed to power the x-ray tube

Answer 7

step-up transformer

Question 8

in a step-up transformer, the primary coil is in the _________ circuit, the secondary coil in the ______________ circuit

Answer 8

primary, secondary

Question 9

components of the primary circuit

Answer 9

timer circuit, step-up transformer, main power switch, circuit breaker, autotransformer

Question 10

components of the secondary circuit

Answer 10

mA meter, rectifiers, x-ray tube (except filaments)

Question 11

three main sections of the x-ray circuit

Answer 11

primary circuit, secondary circuit, filament circuit

Question 12

A device placed in the tube circuit and used to monitor x-ray tube current

Answer 12

mA meter

Question 13

A device that converts alternating current to direct current by allowing the current to flow through it in only one direction

Answer 13

rectifier

Question 14

a rectifier converts ____________________________ by allowing the current to flow through it in only one direction

Answer 14

alternating current to direct current

Question 15

An appliance for regulating the resistance and thus controlling the amount of current entering an electric circuit

Answer 15

rheostat

Question 16

A device included in the filament circuit to lower the voltage to the filament

Answer 16

step down transformer

Question 17

filament circuit components

Answer 17

rheostat, step down transformer, filaments

Question 18

transformers will increase or decrease ___________

Answer 18

voltage

Question 19

what are the three transformers used in the x-ray circuit?

Answer 19

autotransformer, step-up transformer, step-down transformer

Question 20

A facility is generally only supplied with ___________

Answer 20

220V or 440V

Question 21

what is the equation for the transformer law?

Answer 21

Vs/Vp = Ns/Np (where V=voltage and N=number of turns; s=secondary coil and p=primary coil)

Question 22

if there are more turns in the secondary coil than the primary coil, Voltage in the secondary coil will ________ (_________ transformer)

Answer 22

increase, step-up

Question 23

If there are less turns in the secondary coil than the primary coil, voltage in the secondary coil will __________ (________ transformer)

Answer 23

decrease, step-down

Question 24

primary side of the autotransformer faces the __________; secondary side is the ____________

Answer 24

power source; opposite side

Question 25

taps connected to the autotransformer are always on the _____________

Answer 25

secondary side

Question 26

autotransformer is controlled by the ____________

Answer 26

kVp on the control panel

Question 27

in an autotransformer, a series of taps connected to the secondary side allows for the __________________ to be adjusted which then adjusts the _____________

Answer 27

number of turns used; output charge

Question 28

When the radiographer selects a kVp, he/she determines ________________________- on the secondary side of the autotransformer and with it, the output voltage that will then be applied to the ______________ of the step-up transformer.

Answer 28

the number of turns to be included; primary side

Question 29

what is the approximate constant increase in an autotransformer?

Answer 29

500x

Question 30

step-up transformer is also called the _____________

Answer 30

high-tension transformer

Question 31

Used to increase volts from the autotransformer to levels suitable for the creation of X-rays

Answer 31

step-up transformer

Question 32

what is the dividing line between the primary and secondary circuit?

Answer 32

step-up transformer

Question 33

can you adjust the step-up transformer?

Answer 33

no

Question 34

step-down transformer is also called the ____________

Answer 34

filament transformer

Question 35

Used to control the degree and duration that the filament is heated

Answer 35

step-down transformer

Question 36

The step-down transformer reduces the voltage that is supplied to the _____________________________

Answer 36

fine, more delicate filament wires

Question 37

in the step-down transformer, because we are more concerned with the current (mA) running to the filament, the ___________ of this transformer is considered more than the ______________

Answer 37

output current, voltage

Question 38

energy can neither be created or destroyed. The total energy of an isolated system remains constant

Answer 38

Law of Conservation of Energy

Question 39

Ohm's law equation

Answer 39

V = (I)(R); Voltage = (Amps)(Resistance or Ohms)

Question 40

what is the equation to calculate the output current of a transformer

Answer 40

Ip/Is = Ns/Np (where I=current and N=number of turns)

Question 41

To change the AC current to DC current, a device called a ___________ is used

Answer 41

rectifier

Question 42

Although transformers in an X-ray circuit need _____ to work, the X-ray tube needs a _______________ to keep the current flow going from the anode to the cathode and electron flow from the cathode to the anode.

Answer 42

AC, direct current

Question 43

a device that only conducts electricity in ___________________________

Answer 43

one direction, “a one-way door”

Question 44

the rectifier most used today's x-ray circuits is the ___________________

Answer 44

solid-state diode

Question 45

two types of solid-state diodes

Answer 45

P-type crystals, N-type crystals

Question 46

crystal that has an abundance of "electron traps"

Answer 46

P type crystals

Question 47

crystal that has an abundance of freely moving electrons

Answer 47

N type crystals

Question 48

when viewing a symbol for the solid state diode, the triangle is pointing in the direction of (electron flow/current flow)

Answer 48

current flow (electrons flow in the opposite way)

Question 49

A diode is an electronics component made from a combination of a P-type and N-type semiconductor material, known as a _____________

Answer 49

p-n junction

Question 50

when a diode doesn't allow current flow in the "reverse" direction, it is called a ________

Answer 50

an insulator

Question 51

p-type is on the __________ side n-type is on the ___________ side

Answer 51

p-type is on the anode side n-type is on the cathode side

Question 52

a passive element or part of the circuit that implements electrical resistance to reduce current flow among other uses

Answer 52

resistor

Question 53

with a rheostat, a setting of 100 mA will have ____________________________________-

Answer 53

ten times the resistance as a setting of 1000 mA

Question 54

The purpose of the filament circuit is to "boil off" electrons from the filament wire in a process referred to as thermionic emission

Answer 54

thermionic emission

Question 55

the rheostat controls the resistance in the _____________________ which in turn controls the amount of heating and number of electrons boiled off through thermionic emission

Answer 55

filament circuit and filament

Question 56

A device that regulates the length of time the electrons are allowed to cross the tube and, therefore, the time x-rays are produced to create a radiographic image

Answer 56

exposure timer

Question 57

exposure timers are usually located in the _______________

Answer 57

primary circuit

Question 58

this timer is based on a synchronous motor which is a specialized motor designed to turn a shaft at exactly 60 cycles or revolutions per second

Answer 58

synchronous timers

Question 59

very sophisticated and accurate and most commonly used today. Timing circuit based on the time required to charge a capacitor through a variable resistor

Answer 59

electric timers

Question 60

special kind of electronic timer that monitors the product of mA and exposure time and terminates the exposure when the desired mAs value is attained

Answer 60

mAs timer

Question 61

A timing device that measures the amount of radiation that reaches the IR. It automatically shuts off the exposure when the required amount of radiation intensity, Also known as a ____________

Answer 61

AEC timer, phototimer