x-ray findings

Question 1

Answer 1

consolidaiton

region of compressible lug tissue filled w/ liquid

marked by induration or a nromally aerated lung

Question 2

atelectasis

Answer 2

• Collapse or incomplete expansion of the lung or part of the lung/ deflation of alveoli
• d/t endobronchial lesion, such as mucus plug or tumor
• potential complications of:
  
  • cystic fibrosis
  • inhaled foreign objects

Question 3

AP view

Answer 3

• Beams pass from front-to-back (anteroposterior)
• Patient is facing the machine, mostly, these people are laying down
• Seen over the lungs
• Clavicles seen above the apex of the lungs

Question 4

PA view

Answer 4

• Common for ambulatory patients
• Seen in periphery of thorax
• Clavicles project over the lung fields

Question 5

Lateral View

Answer 5

• Triangle shape, on the left ventricle. Only view you can see, it

Question 6

Decubitus Position: “AKA” Recumbent Position

Answer 6

• Helpful to assess the volume of pleural effusion and demonstrate whether a pleural effusion in mobile or loculated

Question 7

1. Kerley lines

Answer 7

• Thin linear pulmonary opacities caused by fluid or cellular infiltration into the interstitium of the lungs

Question 8

1. erythema nodosum:

Answer 8

• AKA: sub-acute migratory panniculitis of vilanova and pinol
• Inflammatory condiction characterized by inflammation of the fat cells under the skin, resulting in tender red nodules or lumps
• d/t: IBD, strep, TB, cat scratch fever, and sarcoid

Question 9

1. Air Bronchogram

Answer 9

• Refers to the phenomenon of air-filled bronchi (dark) being made visible by the opacification of surrounding alveoli (grey/white)
• Causes: lung consolidation-this makes them look more visible

Question 10

Interstitial

Answer 10

• Space that can be filled w/air or fluid

Question 11

1. Plural or pulmonary effusion:

Answer 11

• Buildup of fluid in the pleural space, area between the layers of tissue that line the lungs and the chest cavity

Question 12

1. Causes of pleural effusions:

Answer 12

• Two basic types:
  
  • Transudative pleural effusion (water related) d/t CHF, surgery
  • Exudative effusion (protein related)
    
    1. Pneumonia
    2. cancer

Question 13

Answer 13

pleural effusion

Question 14

1. Pneumothorax

Answer 14

• Presence of air in the cavity between the lungs and the chest wall
• Causing collapse of the lung
• Caused by:
  
  • Blunt or penetrating trauma
  • Medical procedures
  • Underlying lung DZ

Question 15

Answer 15

pneumothorax

Question 16

hemothorax

Answer 16

blood in the space

Question 17

Answer 17

righ hemothorax

Question 18

1. Tension Pneumothorax

Answer 18

• Air enter the pleural cavity and is trapped during expiration
• Air pressure within the thorax mounts higher than atmospheric pressure, compresses the lung
• Displace the mediastinum and its structures toward the opposite
• Pt cant breath, don’t hear breath sounds, 2^nd intercostal space-(above 3^rd rib) neurovascular bundle

Question 19

Answer 19

tension pneumothorax

Question 20

1. Solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) “AKA” coin lesion

Answer 20

• Mass in the lung usually smaller than 3 cm in diameter
• Usually an incidental finding
• Commonly represents a benign tumor such as granuloma
• In adult and smokers, patients with granulomas are diagnosed w/ lung cancer

Question 21

Answer 21

1. Solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) “AKA” coin lesion

Question 22

1. Chest x-ray limitations

Answer 22

• Only show conditions that change the size of tissues in the chest or how the tissues absorb radiation
• Limited to two-dimensional pictures
• Very small areas of cancer and blood clots in the lungs usually not visible