Flashcards in XXIII - The Nervous System (with pics) Deck (213)
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121
Although any type of cell within the CNS can be infected with CMV, the virus tends to localize at what particular area in the brain?
Paraventricular subependymal regions(TOPNOTCH)
122
What is the principal neurologic manifestation of Von Hippel Lindau Disease?
Cerebellar capillary hemangioblastoma(TOPNOTCH)
123
Antoni A and Antoni B patterns of growth are seen in what tumors of the CNS? SEE SLIDE 23.24.
Schwannoma. In Antoni A areas, cells align to produce nuclear palisading, with alternating bands of nuclear and anuclear areas called VEROCAY BODIES. (TOPNOTCH) Robbins Basic Pathology, 9th ed, p 807.
124
Morphology: Histologic appearance similar to anaplastic astrocytoma with the additional feature of necrosis and vascular or endothelial cell proliferation. SEE SLIDE 23.25
Glioblastoma multiforme(TOPNOTCH)
125
Pseudopalisading. SEE SLIDE 23.25
Glioblastoma multiforme(TOPNOTCH)
126
Glomeruloid body
Glioblastoma multiforme(TOPNOTCH)
127
Lesion of what area of the brain appear to be the best correlate of the memory disturbance and confabulation seen in Korsakoff syndrome?
Medial dorsal nucleus of the thalamus(TOPNOTCH)
128
The spinal cord shows loss of axons and gliosis in the posterior columns, the distal portions of the corticospinal tracts, and the spinocerebellar tracts.
Friedreich Ataxia(TOPNOTCH)
129
The abnormalities are predominantly in the cerebellum,with loss of Purkinje and granule cells; there is also degeneration of the dorsal columns, spinocerebellar tracts and anterior horn cells and a peripheral neuropathy
Ataxia Telangiectasia(TOPNOTCH)
130
Gross morphology: pallor of the substantia nigra and locus ceruleus
Parkinson Disease(TOPNOTCH)
131
Gross morphology: the brain shows pronounced, frequently asymmetric, atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes with conspicuous sparing of the posterior two thirds of the superior temporal gyrus
Pick Disease(TOPNOTCH)
132
What are the 3 major microscopic abnormalities of Alzheimer disease?
Neuritic/Senile PlaquesNeurofibrillary tanglesAmyloid angiopathy. SEE SLIDE 23.11. (TOPNOTCH)
133
What is the principal clinical manifestation of Alzheimer disease?
Dementia(TOPNOTCH)
134
What is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly?
Alzheimer Disease(TOPNOTCH)
135
Gross morphology: Variable degree of cortical atrophy with widening of the cerebral sulci that is most pronounced in the frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes with compensatory ventricular enlargement (hydrocephalus ex vacuo)
Alzheimer Disease(TOPNOTCH)
136
Neurotic plaques are focal, spherical collection of dilated, tortuous, silver staining neuritic processes often around a central amyloid core, which may be surrounded by clear halo, and can be stained with Congo red. SEE SLIDE 23.11. What is the most predominant component of this plaque core?
AB peptide(TOPNOTCH)
137
Neurofibrillary tangles are bundles of filaments in the cytoplasm of the neurons that displace or encircle the nucleus. SEE SLIDE 23.11. What is the major component of this structure?
Tau proteins(TOPNOTCH)
138
Hirano bodies. SEE SLIDE 23.11
Alzheimer's disease (TOPNOTCH)
139
What is the principal neurologic manifestation of Von Hippel Lindau Disease?
Cerebellar capillary hemangioblastoma(TOPNOTCH)
140
Patients with Von Hippel Lindau Disease has the propensity to develop what type of carcinom?
Renal Cell Carcinoma(TOPNOTCH)
141
These are firm areas of the cortex that, in contrast to the softer adjacent cortex, have been likened to potatoes and are composed of haphazardly arranged neurons that lack the normal laminar organization of neocortex.
Cortical hamartomas or "tubers' of Tuberous Sclerosis (TOPNOTCH)
142
Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor (MPNST, Malignant Schwannoma) is strongly associated with what type of Familial Tumor Syndrome?
Neurofibromatosis Type 1(TOPNOTCH)
143
What are the 5 most common carcinoma that metastasize to the brain?
Lung, breast, Melanoma, Kidney, and GIT. (TOPNOTCH)
144
What is the most common CNS neoplasm in immunosuppressed patients, including those with AIDS and immunosuppression after transplantaion?
Primary CNS Lymphoma(TOPNOTCH)
145
Morphology: Characterized by amild to moderate increase in the number of glial cell nuclei, somewhat variable nuclear pleomorphism, and an interveing feltwork of fine, GFAP positive astrocytic cell processes that give the background a fibrillary appearance.
Well differentiated fibrillary astrocytomas(TOPNOTCH)
146
Morphology: Perivascular pseudorosettes SEE SLIDE 23.26
Ependymoma(TOPNOTCH)
147
Morphology: The anterior roots of the spinal cord are thin; the precentral gyrus may be atrophic and demonstrates a reduction the number of anterior horn neurons throughout the length of the spinal cord with associated reactive gliosis. Remaining neurons often contain Bunina bdoies and PAS positive cytoplasmic inclusions.
Amyotorphic Lateral Sclerosis(TOPNOTCH)
148
Morphology: composed of bipolar cells with long, thin "hairlike" processes that are GFAP- Positive; Rosenthal fibers, eosinophilic granular bodies, and microcysts are often present. SEE SLIDE 23.27.
Pilocytic Astrocytoma (TOPNOTCH)
149
Morphology: Characterized by areas of stromal response with collagen and reticulin deposition and nodules of cells forming "pale islands" that have more neuropil and lack the reticulin deposition
Desmoplastic variant of Medulloblastoma(TOPNOTCH)
150
