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GCSE Religious Studies > Y10 Origins and Meanings > Flashcards

Y10 Origins and Meanings Flashcards

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1
Q

What qualities do Christians think God has?

A

Omni - PotentOmni - BenevolentOmni - ScientOmni - Present

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2
Q

What did G.K. Chesterson say about the creation of the universe and God?Give a quote.

A

He said everything was so exact like it had a designer - God. “There seems to be a design, a purpouse”

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3
Q

What did St Augustine say about creation ex nihilo. Give a quote.

A

“From nothing, then you created heaven and earth”

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4
Q

What is a Fundamental Christian?What is the worldview they have called?

A

Christians that think the Bible should be interpreted literally and the creation stories happened exactly in the way they were written down in Genesis.The worldview is called CREATIONISM.

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5
Q

Give the 3 main beliefs of Creationists:

A

1 - The Bible is the word of God and so it must be totally accurate.2 - God had given humans His truth through the Bible.3 - Humans have no right to prefer their own interpretations to the actual words of God.

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6
Q

Give 3 similarities between the beliefs of Catholics and Creationists:

A

1 - They both believe in the same God.2 - The Bible writers were inspired by God.3 - The Bible is the word of God that gives help to us in our lives today.

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7
Q

Give 3 differences between the beliefs of Catholics and Creationists:

A

1 - Catholics think Genesis is like a story with a deeper or hidden meaning - while Creationists believe there is no hidden meanimg.2 - Catholics interpret the 6 days indicates God is the creator of time - not that it literally took 6 days.3 - Catholics think that the Bible is a historical document and not to be taken word for word. UNDERSTAND THE CONTEXT.

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8
Q

What is the Big Bang Theory?

A

The theory that the universe originated in an explosion of light, matter and energy that created time and space.

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9
Q

When did the Big Bang happen and how did it start?

A

13.7 billion years ago. It burst into existence in darkness because light didn’t exist.

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10
Q

What happened whilst the Big Bang was happening?

A

Anti matter and matter destroyed eachother.

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11
Q

What is the universe made from?

A

Sub atomic particles.

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12
Q

What is matter?

A

What was left over - the stuff that make up the world.

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13
Q

What did Stephen Hawking believe?

A

There is very strong evidence to support the theory that the universe had a one off beginning. He calles this a moment of singularity.

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14
Q

Give a quote from Stephen Hawking.

A

“Because there is a law such as gravity, the universe can and will create itself from nothing”.

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15
Q

Give 3 Catholic responses to the Big Bang Theory:

A

1 - It had to be exactly the right micro second. Too soon =too small to form stars and too late = everything would have flown away too fast before stars could form. GOD IS ALL KNOWING - he did this.2 - Only God could have made Scientific laws such as Gravity to make solar systems because he is ALL POWERFUL.3 - Life on Earth requires carbon to bond with 4 other atoms - only God could have done this because he is ALL KNOWING.

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16
Q

Some Catholics believe the Bible creation story match with science. Explain this.

A

In Genesis 1:3 God said “Let there be light” which some Catholics claim is a direct reference to the Big Bang.

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17
Q

Who was St Catherine of Siena?

A

A woman of deep spirituality who was passionate in her desire to make people aware of their openness to God.

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18
Q

What was St Catherine of Siena’s work called?

A

The Dialogue of Divine Providence.

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19
Q

What did St Catherine of Siena see when she was 5?

A

A vision of Jesus - he smiled at her and blessed her.

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20
Q

Who was Charles Darwin?

A

A famous scientist in the 1800’s.

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21
Q

What did Charles Darwin do in 1831?

A

He went on a voyage to different countries to observe and collect different types of plants and animals.

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22
Q

What did Charles Darwin find after his voyage?

A

That the 15 different species of finch had different shaped beaks based on what food they ate. The finches who ate hard fruit had sharp beaks so they can get through the skin. The finches who eat insects had skinny beaks to pick them up better.

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23
Q

What is natural selection/survival of the fittest?

A

Animals which are best suited to the environment survive and pass their genes to their babies.

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24
Q

Explain natural selection with moths.

A

In London early 1800’s, 98% Peppered moths were light coloured like the trees so they could hide from birds. The 2% that were dark were easy to see and eat. SMOKE AND SOOT FROM FACTORIES STAINED TREES.Dark moths could survive better. 1895 - 95% of moths were dark.

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25
What did Pope John Paul say about evolution?
It is a great merit and helps us to learn about the world. Evolution shows how we have changed over time whilst religion shows God's love for us.
26
Give 2 Catholic responses to the theory of evolution:
1 - If God wanted to create human beings, the process can involve a Big Bang and Evolution.2 - In Genesis we ask why?, in science we ask how? Catholics say there still needed something to be there in the first place for everything to happen. Science shows us how everything happened and religion shows us why - it was part of God's loving plan.
27
Who is Richard Dawkins?What was his book called?
A philospher who believes religion is dangerous. Wrote a book "God Delusion" - attempts to convince people to be aethiest.
28
What does Richard Dawkins say about the idea that God created the world with a plan?
All life, all intellegnce, creativity, designs anywhere in the universe is a direct or indirect product of Dawin's natural selection theory.
29
What does Richard Dawkins believe genes are?
Little packets of information, programmes that are struggling to survive. The struggle to survive is worked out in the process of evolution.
30
What does Richard Dawkins say about the soul?
NO such thing as one and NO evidence.
31
What do genes have to do with natural selection?
When a new organism/species emerges sometimes random genetic codes slip in. Some of these help spedies to surive and some make no dfference
32
Give 3 responses Catholics may have to Richard Dawkins:
1 - "How did the universe first come to existence?" Something has to exist before a life force can be driven forward through natural selection. 2 - There's no conflict between a God created universe which is partly random. We are not God and cannot understand what he is thinking or his plan. 3 - Science is not in a position to say anything about souls because it is not the type of thing science studies.
33
What is Abortion?
The removal of a foetus from the womb before it can survive.
34
What is the Sanctity of Life?
Life belongs to God so only he can take it away.
35
Explain PRO - CHOICE (abortion).
The name given to the movement which supports a girl or a womans right to terminate a pregnancy.
36
Explain PRO - LIFE (abortion).
The name given to those who support the foetus' right to life and want abortion to be banned because it denies the foetus' right to life.
37
The UK Law says a woman can only abort if...(4 points)
2 doctors agree that:1 - Mother's life at risk.2 - Mother's physical/mental health at risk.3 - The child is likely to be severely handicapped.4 - Would be a serious effect on other children in the family.
38
The UK law says an abortion cannot happen after 24 weeks, why?
Because the baby could survive outside the womb at this point.
39
Why is abortion a controversial issue? ( 4 points )
1 - Some people believe life begins at conception so abortion is murder whilst some believe life begins when a baby is born.2 - Woman should have the right to do what she wants with her own body. An unwanted baby is like an unwanted tumour. 3 - Medical staff shouldn't have to carry out abortions - they may feel guilt.4 - Foetus' right is more important than mother's right.
40
What happens to a foetus at 20 weeks?
It can hear and recognise the mother's voice.
41
What happens to a foetus at 5 weeks?
The heart begins to beat.
42
Give 4 points someone who disagrees with abortion may say:
1 - Adoption is a better solution.2 - Life belongs to God only he can take it away.3 - A foetus is a human - RIGHT TO LIFE.4 - Abortions can lead to guilt affecting mental health.
43
Give 3 points someone who agrees with abortion may say:
1 - Life does not begin at conception.2 - Back street abortions may take place in unhygenic conditions = diseases.3 - Jesus told Christians to "love thy neighbours" and abortion may be the most loving thing to do.
44
What do Christians believe conscience is?
The voice of God.
45
Give an example of a criminal who followed his conscience:
PETER SUTCLIFFEHe killed 14 prostitues and said God told him to do it.
46
What happened in the Genesis 1 account:
God created the world in 6 days.
47
What happened in the Genesis 2 account:
God created Adam and Eve.
48
Give a quote that supports the Catholic viewpoint to not terminate a pregancy:
" You shall not kill by abortion the fruit of the womb and you shall not murder the infant already born"
49
What are Humanists:
A group of non religious people who believe that the universe is a natural thing and don't believe in God.
50
Give 3 main beliefs of Humanists:
1 - You should put human beings and living things at the centre of your moral outlook.2 - See the world as a natural place and look to science and reason to make sense of it. 3 - Promote and support human flourishing and make sure everyone has human rights.
51
What side are Humanists on when it comes to abortion?
PRO - CHOICE. They believe it is acceptable as a personal choice.
52
Give 3 qualities that make up a person:
1 - Ability to make decisions.2 - Ability to feel pressure / pain.3 - Ability to have characteristics.
53
Give 3 things Humanists say about abortion:
1 - Abortion should be legal to stop back street abortions.2 - Abortions could be reduced by offering better sex education and encouraging the use of contraception.3 - A woman is a mature human so she can choose what she wants to do with her body.
54
HUMANISTS BELIVE IN THE.......Q
Quality of Life
55
Who is Peter Singer?
A writer that des not believe in God.
56
Why does Peter Singer think it is ok to kill some human beings?
It will reduce the suffering in the world.
57
What does Peter Singer say about abortion?
He agrees with Catholics - embryos are humans from the beginning of conception BUT a foetus is not a person because it does not have characteristics.
58
What does Peter Singer say is hypocritical?
The fact that there are children in the world starving and dying but a foetus which can't feel anything is the most terrible thing to kill.
59
What does Peter Singer say about Sanctity of Life?
It is nonsense and to have a princable that is religious is out dated.
60
What do Catholics respond to Humanist views on abortion? ( 2 points )
1 - If you reduce the suffering of one person by aborting/killing, you have not reduced the overall suffering in the world.2 - Catholics say that human beings, because of their soul, remain persons whether they are unborn asleep or unconcious. It is not awareness that makes a human a human.
61
What do Christians belive the Bible is?
The word of God containing stories, prayers, poetry and advice about how to live.
62
How is the Bible divided?
Into 2 main sections - Old Testament and New Testament.
63
What do the old and new testament have in common?
They both contain teachings.
64
What is different about the old testament versus the new?
The old contaings things that happened before Jesus was born and the new is after he was born.
65
What are wisdom books?
Prayers and Poems.
66
What are History books?
How God guided people and how people didn't listen to him. They help people to avoid making similair mistakes.
67
What kind of books are in the Old Testament?( 5 points )
1 - History Books - God guided people, they didn't listen. Help people not make same mistakes.2 - Wisdom Books - Prayers and poems which give people advice in tough times.3 - Books about Prophets - messengers who were sent to teach people about how God is active in the world.4 - Law (Torah) - how God wants people to live. 10 COMMANDMENTS e.g. Do not Kill.5 - Genesis accounts and details about prophets like Abraham and Moses. BEFORE JESUS.
68
What kind of books are in the New Testament?( 5 Points )
1 - Gospels - contain information about the life and teachings of Jesus.2 - Letters by Paul&Peter to the first Christian churches to help and guide them.3 - Act of the Apostles - The experience of the early Church and the first Christians.4 - The Book of Revelation - wrriten by John, some people believes it describes end of world.5 - All about Jesus.
69
How long did the Bible take to complete?
Around 2,000 years.
70
How much books are in the Bible?
73.
71
What 3 phases did the Bible do through?
Speaking, Writing, Collecting.
72
The Bible went through speaking, writing and collecting. Explain the speaking stage.
No one could write so spoken accounts were passed on by those who experienced the events themselves.
73
The Bible went through speaking, writing and collecting. Explain the writing stage.
Around 1000 BC scribes in Israel began to write down part of traditions about important people and events e.g. Abraham, Moses. The gospels of Jesus had to be written down because eye witnesses died out.
74
The Bible went through speaking, writing and collecting. Explain the collecting stage.
All the holy writings were to be found on seperate scrolls. When humans got better at making paper one book was made. Arguments made about what should be in it and what should be left out.
75
Who made the Standard list of Scriptures in AD 382?
Pope Damasus.
76
Quote from Genesis 1 that shows God is all powerful.Explain it.
"In the beginning the earth was formless". This shows God was able to create everything out of nothing.
77
Quote from Genesis 1 that shows God is the creator. Explain it.
God said "Let there be light". God created light and everything around because he is the creator. The universe wasn't a random accident for Christians.
78
Example from Genesis 2 that shows God is all loving.Explain it.
God created Eve from Adam's rib.God was concerned about Adam's loneliness and provides other species to keep him company - Eve.
79
Is a human's life worth more than an animals life? For Catholics?
Yes.
80
Human beings are answerable to God.Explain this.
The image of God can be a reminder of the authority of God over humans. To be created in the image of God could be interpreyayed as humans being accountable to God for their lives.
81
Humans beings relate to God.Explain this.
We were created in the image of God so we also have the potential to enter into a relationship with the God who created us.
82
Human beings can give and recieve love.Explain this.
God is a community of persons - father, son and holy spirit who give and recieve love to one another. If humans are made in God's image then we can also give and recieve love.
83
Human beings are rational.Explain this.
Humans have been given intellegence and so by reflecting on things in the created world, they can find their way to the God who created them.
84
Human beings have free will and conscience.Explain this.
Human beings are meant to use their ability to choose what is true and right so they immitate God.Conscience is the voice of God within an individual encouraging them to do good.
85
What does the Catechism say?
" Of all visible creatures, only man is able to know and love his creator"
86
What does God give us when he creates us last?
Authority over all plants and animals - we can use them but we have to take care of them.
87
How is God leaving Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden symbolic?
The garden of Eden represents the world, adam and eve represent humans. God has given us the job to take care of the world.
88
What does it mean to look after God's creation?( 3 points)
- Take only what we need, sustain the world.- use less fuels.- recycle.
89
What do Catholics think about Stewardship?
The goods of the earth is God's gift to us so we should take care of it.
90
What do Humanists think about Stewardship?
They do not look to God in order to understand how the universe works. We should take care of the world for each other.
91
Similarities between Catholics and Humanists on Stewardship: ( 3 points )
1 - both view human beings as having a unique importantce in looking after the environment.2 - both believe humans should be happy.3 - both agree on the importance of science and using our intellect to understand how the universe works.
92
Differences between Catholics and Humanists on Stewardship:( 3 points )
1 - Catholics believe science works because God has made it this way because he is the creatory.2 - Catholics take care of the world as a responsibility from God.3 - Catholics are intellegent because they are made in the image of God.
93
Who painted the picture of Adam reaching out to God?
Michelangelo.
94
Where can we see Michelangelo's painting?
Sistine Chapel in Italy.
95
How is Michelangelo's painting linked to Genesis?
Because it is about the creation of humans.
96
In Michelangelo's painting, explain 3 points about it.
1 - Both God and Adam are in human form, this is to show humans are made in the image of God.2 - Adam is in contact with God, this shows humans have a special relationship with God.3 - God is carried by angels and above Adam, this shows he is transcendent.
97
Why do Catholics use imagery?
Some people may not be able to read so images were important back in the day. Ideas can be expressed in pictures if they can't be explained in words.
98
What does CAFOD stand for?
Catholic Agency for Overseas Development.
99
Who are CAFOD?
A charity who aim to help the poor across the world.
100
Who do CAFOD follow?
The example of Pope Francis. Encouraging people to help save our planet.

GCSE Religious Studies (9 decks)

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