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RSFC Y12 CHEM 2023 > Y12 Organic Reactions > Flashcards

Y12 Organic Reactions Flashcards

Cards to help you memorise the reaction map

1
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alkane into carbon dioxide and water

A

Complete combustion
Excess oxygen (O2)
Heat and Spark

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2
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a haloalkane from an alkane

A

Reagent: Cl2, Br2
Condition: UV light

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3
Q

State the mechanism needed to make a haloalkane from an alkane

A

Radical Substitution

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4
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a haloalkane from an alkene

A

Reagent: HCl, HBr
Condition: Room temperature and shake

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5
Q

State the mechanism needed to make a haloalkane from an alkene

A

Electrophilic Addition

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6
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alkene from a haloalkane

A

Reagent: NaOH/KOH
Condition: Ethanolic (reflux)

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7
Q

State the mechanism needed to make an alkene from a haloalkane

A

Elimination

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8
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alkene from an alcohol

A

Reagent: Sulfuric Acid
Condition: hot concentrated

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9
Q

State the mechanism needed to make an alkene from an alcohol

A

Elimination

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10
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alcohol from a alkene in a single step

A

Reagent: Steam
Condition: Concentrated phosphoric acid

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11
Q

State the mechanism needed to make an alcohol from a alkene in a single step

A

Electrophilic Addition

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12
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alcohol by fermentation

A

Reagent: Glucose
Condition: Yeast, Anaerobic (no oxygen)

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13
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alcohol from a alkene in two steps

A

Reagent 1: Sulfuric Acid
Reagent 2: Water

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14
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alkyl hydrogen sulfate from a alkene

A

Reagent: Sulfuric Acid
Condition: None

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15
Q

State the mechanism needed to make an alkyl hydrogen sulfate from a alkene

A

Electrophilic Addition

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16
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alcohol from a alkyl hydrogen sulfate

A

Reagent: Water
Condition: None

17
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a dihaloalkane from an alkene

A

Reagent: Cl2, Br2
Condition: Room temperature and shake

18
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a nitrile from a haloalkane

A

Reagent: KCN
Condition: Aqueous and ethanolic

19
Q

State the mechanism needed to make a nitrile from a haloalkane

A

Nucleophilic Substitution

20
Q

What is observed when an alkene is added to bromine water

A

The solution turnes from orange to colourless

21
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an alcohol from a haloalkane

A

Reagent: NaOH/KOH
Condition: Aqueous (heat under reflux)

22
Q

State the mechanism needed to make an alcohol from a haloalkane

A

Nucleophilic Substitution

23
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a primary amine from a haloalkane in one step

A

Reagent: NH3
Condition: Excess
(ethanol, heat and pressure)

24
Q

State the mechanism needed to make a primary amine from a haloalkane in one step

A

Nucleophilic Substitution

25
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a primary amine from a nitrile

A

Reagent: Hydrogen
Condition: Nickel catalyst

26
Q

State the type of reaction needed to make a primary amine from a nitrile

A

Reduction

27
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a primary amine from a haloalkane in two steps

A

**First **
Reagent: KCN
Condition: Aqueous and Ethanolic
Second
Reagent: Hydrogen
Condition: Nickel Catalyst

28
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make an aldehyde from an alcohol

A

Reagent: Primary alcohol and Acidified Potassium Dichromate (H2SO4/K2Cr2O7)
Condition: Distillation

29
Q

State the type of reaction needed to make an alcohol from an aldehyde

A

Reduction

30
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a ketone from an alcohol

A

Reagent: Secondary alcohol and Acidified Potassium Dichromate (H2SO4/K2Cr2O7)
Condition: Reflux

31
Q

State the type of reaction needed to make a ketone from an alcohol

A

Oxidation

32
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a carboxylic acid from an alcohol

A

Reagent: Primary alcohol with excess Acidified Potassium Dichromate (H2SO4/K2Cr2O7)
Condition: Reflux

33
Q

State the type of reaction needed to make a carboxylic acid from an alcohol

A

Oxidation

34
Q

State the reagents and conditions needed to make a carboxylic acid from an aldehyde

A

Reagent: Acidified Potassium Dichromate (H2SO4/K2Cr2O7)
Condition: Reflux

35
Q

What is observed when an alcohol is oxidised using acidified potassium dichromate?

A

The solution will change from orange (K2Cr2O7) to green (Cr3+)

36
Q

Name the types of molecules that can in oxidised by acidified potassium dichromate.

A

Primary alcohol
Secondary alcohol
Aldehyde

37
Q

State how an aldehyde can be distguished from a ketone

A

Reagent: Tollen’s reagent
Observation:
Aldehyde - Silver Mirror
Ketone - NVC

RSFC Y12 CHEM 2023 (11 decks)

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