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Question 1

A wave transfers _____________, but not ______________

Answer 1

Energy
Matter

Question 2

In a _______________ wave the vibration (oscillation) of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 2

Transverse

Question 3

In a _______________ wave the vibration (oscillation) of the particles is parallel to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 3

Longitudinal

Question 4

Transverse wave - the _______________ of the particles is __________________ to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 4

Vibration/oscillation
Perpendicular

Question 5

Longitudinal wave - the _______________ of the particles is __________________ to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 5

Vibration/oscillation
Parallel

Question 6

What feature of a wave tells us how loud/quiet it is

Answer 6

Amplitude

Question 7

What feature of a wave tells us the pitch/frequency of it

Answer 7

Wavelength

Question 8

Wavelength

Answer 8

Distance between two points on the same place of two consecutive waves

Question 9

Equilibrium

Answer 9

Resting position of particles

Question 10

Amplitude

Answer 10

Distance between equilibrium and crest/trough of wave. If bigger, sound is louder and vice versa. Measured in dB

Question 11

Crest

Answer 11

Topmost point of one wave

Question 12

Trough

Answer 12

The lowest point of a wave

Question 13

In a longitudinal wave, areas where the particles are pushed together are called _______________ and areas where the particles are spread out are called ________________

Answer 13

Compressions
Rarefractions

Question 14

Example of a longitudinal wave

Answer 14

Sound waves
Ultrasound
Tsunami waves

Question 15

Example of a transverse wave

Answer 15

Light
Water waves
Electromagnetic

Question 16

Amplitude

Answer 16

The maximum movement (displacement) from the rest position to either a crest or a trough

Question 17

Wavelength

Answer 17

Length of a full cycle of a wave, eg. from crest to crest or trough to trough. Symbol is a vertically flipped y. Measured in metres

Question 18

Frequency

Answer 18

Number of complete waves passing a certain point per second. Measured in hertz (Hz). 1 Hz = 1 wave per second

Question 19

Example of where you encounter Hz

Answer 19

Radio stations

Question 20

Sound can travel through ________, ________, and ______, but not _______ as __________

Answer 20

Solids
Liquids
Gases
A vacuum
There are no particles to vibrate the sound across to you

Question 21

High frequency also means ________ and _________

Answer 21

High pitch
Short wavelength

Question 22

Low frequency also means __________ and __________

Answer 22

Low pitch
Long wavelength

Question 23

What is the difference between the speed of sound in solids, liquids, and gases and why

Answer 23

Time for sound to pass through a solid < time for sound to pass through a liquid < time for sound to pass through a gas

Because the particles are closest together in a solid, the vibrations travel easier

Question 24

Why does the speed of sound decrease as the temperature gets lower

Answer 24

Particles move slower

Question 25

Equation to calculate speed

Answer 25

s = d / t

Question 26

Equation to calculate distance

Answer 26

d = t x s

Question 27

Equation to calculate time

Answer 27

t = d / s

Question 28

Best way to remember the speed, distance, and time formulas

Answer 28

Formula triangle: Starting at the top and working clockwise, enter D for distance, T for time and S for speed. Use the formula triangle to establish the correct calculation by covering up what needs to be worked out. To work out speed, cover the S. To work out distance, cover the D. To work out time, cover the T. The remaining variables show the calculation. For speed, D over T means distance divided by time. For distance, S and T next to each other means speed multiplied by time. For time, D over S means distance divided by speed.

Question 29

What speed does sound travel at in different mediums (air, water, steel)

Answer 29

Air - 340m/s Water - 1500m/s Steel - 5000m/s

Question 30

Order the waves: -visible light -gamma ray -microwave -ultraviolet -x-ray -infra-red -radio in terms of largest to smallest wavelength

Answer 30

Radio Microwave Infra-red Visible light Ultra-violet X-ray Gamma ray

Question 31

Waves moving up and down can be described as _________

Answer 31

Undulations

Question 32

Superposition

Answer 32

When two waves add together and increase amplitude

Question 33

How do waves cancel each other out

Answer 33

If one wave's peak meets another's trough

Question 34

sound is produced by __________

Answer 34

Vibration of particles in a medium